Chapter 3

Orthographic Projections in AutoCAD

Topics

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Ortho. Projection: Topics

Summary
3.1) Introduction
3.2) Layers
3.3) Line Type Scale
3.4) Properties
3.5) Printing using Pen Widths
3.7) Title Blocks
3.8) Blocking
3.10) Model and Layout Space
Copyright 2015 by K. Plantenberg
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Creating Orthographic
Projections in AutoCAD

Summary

Copyright 2015 by K. Plantenberg

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Summary
What will we learn in Chapter 3?
The tools necessary to draw an
orthographic projection in AutoCAD.

Key points
AutoCAD uses layers to help organize line
types and weights.

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Creating Orthographic
Projections in AutoCAD

3.1) Introduction

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Introduction
Line types and line weights give valuable
information to the print reader.

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Introduction
AutoCAD enables you to create different
line types and to print using different
line weights.
This is accomplished through the use of
layers.

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Creating Orthographic
Projections in AutoCAD

3.2) Layers

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Layers
Layers are like transparencies, one laid
over the top of another.
Each layer contains its own line type.
The line color controls the printed line
thickness.

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Layers
Lets use
layers to
organize
this
drawing.

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The Layers Panel

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The Layer Properties Manager

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Creating Orthographic
Projections in AutoCAD

3.3) Line Type Scale

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Line Type Scale

LTSCALE: Controls the size of the
dashes and the spaces between dashes
or dots.

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Creating Orthographic
Projections in AutoCAD

3.4) Properties

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Properties
The properties of an individual object may
be changed by selecting the object and
then selecting the Properties icon in the
View tab - Palettes panel.

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Copyright 2015 by K. Plantenberg

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The Properties Panel

If these properties need to be changed,
your first action should be to use layer
properties.
This creates a much more organized
drawing.

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Creating Orthographic
Projections in AutoCAD

3.5) Printing using Pen Widths

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Printing using Pen Widths

Object color is used to control the print
thickness of the object.
Access the Page Setup window to assign
thickness to the different colors.

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Prints each
color black
Edit pen
thickness

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Choose
a color
Assign a
line weight

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Creating Orthographic
Projections in AutoCAD

3.7) Title Blocks

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Title Blocks
Every engineering drawing should have
both a border and a title block.
Border - defines the drawing area
Title block - gives pertinent information

The information that is included depends

on the drawing type, field of engineering,
and viewing audience.

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Title Block
A title block may include:

Name of drafter
Checked by
School or Company
Drawing title
Part name
Part number
Material of part
Number of required parts
Sheet number
Number of sheets
Scale of drawing
Date
Last revision

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Copyright 2015 by K. Plantenberg

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Creating Orthographic
Projections in AutoCAD

3.8) Blocking

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Blocking
Commands used
BLOCK: Allows you to create a grouping of
objects that can be used repeatedly in the
current drawing.
WBLOCK: This command writes a BLOCK
to a file. This allows you to use the BLOCK
in all drawings not just the current one.

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Blocking
Commands used
INSERT: Allows you to retrieve a BLOCK or
WBLOCK.
EXPLODE: (Modify panel ) Allows you
to separate a BLOCK into its individual
parts.

Copyright 2015 by K. Plantenberg

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Creating Orthographic
Projections in AutoCAD

3.10) Model and Layout Space

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Model and Layout Space

Model Space:
In model space, you draw your
design/model at a 1:1 scale.

Layout/Paper Space:
The model is scaled to fit on the paper used
to print the drawing (usually 8.5 x 11).

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Model and Layout Space

Model Space:
One view direction.

Layout/Paper Space:
Multiple view directions through the use of
view ports.

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Model and Layout Space

Viewports:
A viewport is a rectangular window that
views the object from a specified line of
sight.
Viewports are most useful when working
with a 3-D model.
You can create several viewports that view the 3D model from several different vantage points.

VIEWPORTS: Add a new viewport.

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Model and Layout Space

Model Space:
Annotations (dimension, text) may be
included on 2-D drawings and one view 3-D
drawings.

Layout/Paper Space:
Annotations may be included in any view
port.

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Model and Layout Space

Model Space:
Annotations will not scale automatically.

Layout/Paper Space:
Annotations will scale automatically if the
object is defined as annotative.

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Copyright 2015 by K. Plantenberg

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Creating Orthographic
Projections in AutoCAD

End

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