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Prioritization of health

problem

How do we prioritize?
First, your health post team should
prioritize the disease burden
Decide which disease are most
common and serious
Decide which disease are most easily
preventable and easily treatable
Assess your resources for preventing or
treating the most common and serious
illness

2nd, after HP team has analyzed and


understood the community diagnosis,
discuss the results with the health post
health committee and chairman from
each ward and other leader
Third, disseminate the information
through HP committee members and
chairman of the wards to smaller groups
at ward level where it can be discusses
and understood and acted upon

Fourth, after the results have been


disseminated and discussed throughout
VDC, plan a large community meeting and
arrange for each ward to participate in
some aspect of presentation of community
diagnosis
Finally, after you have discussed the
finding with the community, rank the
community priorities with respect to the
various diseases.

Prioritization of the
problems in the
community
A systematic method of assigning greater or

lesser importance to various diseases,


problems, interventions etc
Allows to direct resources, time and energy
to those issues that are deemed most
critical and practical to address
A process whereby an individual or group
places a number of items in rank order
based on their perceived or measured
importance or significance.
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Criteria for prioritization


Widespread problem and severity in terms of
morbidity and mortality
Felt need/s of the people concerned with
significance to them
Feasible to meet the need/s in terms of
available resources (man, money, material)
Takes only few months not years to solve the
problem
Problems not being addressed by other
agency in the community
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Prioritization scheme
Problem

Importance

Community Serious
concern
ness

Prevalence

Manageability Total

Large family, not


enough food

++

++

+++

++

20

Malnutrition

+++

+++

++++

++

++

28

Too little rain, no water

++

++++

++

20

Diarrhoea

+++

++

++

++++

++++

30

Pneumonia

+++

++++

+++

++++

+++

36

Lack of knowledge
about food value

+++

++

16

Illiteracy

++

++

+++

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Manageability: Acceptability of action, People, Money, equipment, Feasibility


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Micro Health Project


Micro Health Project is a miniature project of
small scale project that is designed for short
period of time to demonstrate the ways of
solving community health problems
MHP is a miniature form of short term
health project that is planned, implemented
and evaluated in the community setting by
effective utilization of local resources
through active participation of community
people

Micro Health Project


Micro Health Project is a form of short term project
designed to develop health related skills and self
reliance on the priority basis (real needs) among
the common people through maximum utilization
of local resources and technique
It is to demonstrate the method of solving
community health problems and should always be
simple, action oriented, effective and sustainable
MHP is designed to develop helpful skills and
health practices by raising self reliance among
people in the community

Micro health Project


(MHP)
Micro health project is a small scale project
in which people organized to identify
their real need and solve them by taking
short duration of time, not depending and
waiting for government program.
We can use local resource, manpower,
material, money for running MHP
In Nepal many MHP are running eg.
Mothers group, ARI control programme etc.
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Importance of MHP
1. Easy to control disease with the help of MHP.
2. It helps to solve the problem early when
detected.
3. It increases the interest about health and
disease for community member.
4. It helps to mobilize the local resource for their
own village.
5. It helps to increase participation of local people
to solve health problems.
6. It economies the means and sources.
7. People are involved in creative innovations.
8. It reduce the dependency to outsiders for
development of their own village.
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Micro Health Project


Small scale or short
Easy to do
Can be done quickly
Does not require much outside help
Should be based on community setting
Involves many people participation/ Focus active
community participation
7. Will help many people in the community/ build on
community participation
8. Focus of effective utilization of local resources and
local technology
9. Has the least chance of failing
10. Cost effective, sustainable, action oriented
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.

How to decide on MHP


Find out the real need
Assess and identify resources
(internal and external)
Obtain commitment and develop
partnership
Time line and feasibility

Criteria for prioritizing


MHP

1. Magnitude of the existing health needs in the


community
2. Extent of harming in the community
3. Importance of health needs by community
4. Available resources for solving health need of the
community
5. The degree of awareness or consciousness to the
fulfillment of health need by the community
6. Policy and strategy of governmental and local
resources
7. Feasible ( time, environment and security)

Outline of Micro Health


Project

Introduction
Rational
Objective
Process
Planning (work plan)
Implementation
Evaluation

Suggestion

Steps of Micro-Health
Project
Assessment, Analysis
and Diagnosis of the
Community

Evaluation of the
Conducted Project

Planning of Health
Action

Organizing and
Implementing a
Project
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Steps of MHP
1. Planning of MHP

Planning is first and important steps


and without it, we cant do anything.
Need identification
Scientifically, find the real need with
the community.
Prioritize the health problem.
Search for
available resources
(internal and external).
Prepare the plan of action (POA) with
the community.
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Steps of MHP
Planning of MHP
need identification (scientifically, find the
real need of the community)
Prioritize the health problem
Setting of goal or objective of community
Choosing the appropriate target
population
Finalize the contents to be taught
Finalization of the methods and media

Steps of MHP
Planning of MHP contd
Search for available resources (internal and
external)
Tentative time and venue should be finalized
before hand
Prepare the plan of action with the
community
Planning of time schedule
Planning of implementation
Planning of evaluation

Steps of MHP
Plan of action of MHP includes
S.N
o
1.
2.

Date

Program Target
/Activiti group
es

Venue

Method
and
media

Responsi
ble
person

Steps of MHP
2. Implementation of MHP
Form the MHP implementation committee
Give responsibility for the committee
members
Inform people about the program aim,
objectives, status and progress.
MHP
may
focus
on:
Environmental
sanitation,
MCH/FP,
Nutrition,
Communicable disease, School health etc.
Regular monitoring and directing the
program activities
Disseminate the progress of program in
media.
Encourage other villages to learn lesson

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Some of the examples of


health action
Health education programmes using
drama, dance, festivals, art and song
program, demonstration
Health campaigns such as
immunization camps
Adult literacy class
Mobile FP/MCH clinic

Steps of MHP
3. Evaluation of MHP

Evaluation is examining an activity, project or


program to see whether it has accomplished its
goals and objectives or not.
Evaluation is comparing what has been achieved
with what was planned to be done.
If program objectives are specific and measurable,
the task of evaluation is simple.
In CHD, students are expected to get some
feedback
from
community
regarding
understanding of the health education task,
correctly making ORS, Super-flour, Use of latrine
constructed etc.
Students also evaluate themselves on the basis of
their own objectives and target.
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Sustainability of MHP

Committee formation
Commitment taken
Induction during MHP
Follow up

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