GSM Traffic Statistics Analysis

ZTE university

Course Target

When you finish studying this

course you can
Master

ZTE traffic statistic

Master the meaning of parameter items of
common-used traffic statistic
Master the methods to analyze and position the
problems making use of traffic statistic

Contents
ZTE Traffic Statistic Overview
Definitions Of Main Traffic Statistic Parameters
Position And Analyze Problems Making Use Of Traffic
Statistic
Traffic Statistic Analysis Cases

ZTE Traffic Statistic Overview--The Function Of Traffic

Statistic Analysis

Data collection

Optimization
scheme

Radio Network
Optimization
Light adjustment
solution and
evaluation

optimization scheme
implementation

Traffic statistic
analysis

Know network performance

index
Provide clients with
quantitative service guidelines
Monitor network performance
Position and analyze network
problems
Improve network running
quality

ZTE Traffic Statistic Overview--ZTE Traffic Statistic Introduce

Traffic
statistic

Alarm
statistic

Performance
index

CStraffic
BTS
basic
measurement
measurement

Measurement
statistic

Ainterface
Radio
measurement measurement

Resource
seizure
measurement

PStraffic
measurement

ZTE Traffic Statistic Overview-- Traffic Statistic Index

Original traffic statistic

index
SDCCH congestion rate
SDCCH assignment
success rate
SDCCH call drop rate
TCH congestion rate
TCH assignment
success rate
TCH call drop rate
Handover success rate
Random access success
rate
Paging success rate
(correlative index)

Synthetical traffic statistic

index
Traffic-to-drop ratio
Worst cell ratio
TCH assignment success
rate (China Union definition)
Radio connection rate

ZTE Traffic Statistic Overview --CS Traffic Basic Measurement

1
CStraffic
basic
measuremen
t

Q3module
measurement

Q3cell
BTS
measuremen
tcounter

Basic

measurement task is the measurement which produces basic

performance report including resource status service status channel
quality etc. can reflect the total network status more roundly.

Carry out statistic according to the modules mainly including

assignment and handover, and the load of CPU. Statistic is mainly
responsed to RMM, and SMM is used to measure cpu's burthen.

Measure BTS power Rx_level Rx_quality and TA in terms of cells,

then accumulate the measurement values got from TRX power control
counter and report the statistic.

ZTE Traffic Statistic Overview --BTS Measurement

1 Power
control
measuremen
t
Carrier

frequency
service
measuremen
t

Paging
measuremen
t

Carrier

frequency
basic
measuremen
t

BTS decides whether to control MSs(or BTSs) power or not based on

Rx_lev or Rx_qual in measurement report ,and carries out statistic according to
different power control factor.

Its to measure whether channel activation assignment handover are

successful with carrier frequency as unit, and measure carrier frequency
interference bands MAX and MIN uplink/downlink signal level.

Carry out statistic paging drop and the length of queue with carrier frequency
as unit.

Measure carrier frequencys service occupation times and occupation time

about TCH and SDCCH.

ZTE Traffic Statistic Overview-- Radio measurement

1
Cellradio
measurement

Measure interference and Qos of per channel which is occupying and

idle state.

Radioaccess
measurement

Measure MSs radio random access process, including access trying

times processing times successful times with different reason.

SDCCH
measurement

Measure success times and success rate about SDCCH assignment,

allocation& occupation etc., reflect service of SDCCH.

TCH/F
measurement

Measure success times and success rate about TCH/F assignment,

allocation& occupation etc. ,which is based on configure channels and
adjust parameter.

SAPI3
measurement

Measure connection times receive times and transmitting times of

point to point SMS.

ZTE Traffic Statistic Overview-- Radio measurement

RMM
assignment
measurement

Describe RMM assignment, including assignment attempt executing

and queue with every reason.

RMMcall
drop
measurement

Describe all kinds of channel in signaling flow RMM call drop times
call drop reason etc..

Handover
reason
measurement

Carry out statistic on every handover(out) attempt according to every

reason.

Handover
common
measurement

Handover
synchronization
measurement

Carry out statistic handover process with every reason,including

attempt executing success and fail times,reflect handover success
rate.

Carry out statistic all kinds of synchronism handover times.

ZTE Traffic Statistic Overview-- Radio measurement

Neighboring
Carry out statistic on mutual handover by selecting some cells and their
cellhandover
neighboring cells.
measurement

Paging
measurement

The

meaning and measurement point of paging measurement counter.

Abis

interface
signaling
statistic

Carry out statistic on all kinds of signaling numbers transmitted in Abis

interface.

Radio

resource
usability
measurement

Measure

HRstatistic
measurement

Its

usage of each cell radio channel resource.

added HR basic measurement according to subscribers need, mainly

describe resource status, service status and dynamic changeover status of
TCH/H

ZTE Traffic Statistic Overview --A Interface Measurement

1
Ainterface
signalingstatistic
measurement
Ainterface

assignment
call
drop hando
verstatistic
measurement
SCCP

connection
measurement
andground
circuit
resource
usability
measurement

carry out statistic on signaling numbers of BSC production forwarding

and reception based on signaling name and signaling type.

Carry out statistic on assignment call drop and handover times of A

interface, carry out statistic and classify on failure status, its helpful to
position and solve problem.

Measure SCCP links establish status and usability of ground relay circuit
resource.

ZTE Traffic Statistic Overview --Resource Occupation

Measurement
1

TRXLAPD
link
measurement

Carry

O&MLAPD
linkmeasurement

Carry

out statistic on signaling alternant of each LAPD signaling link which

connecting TRX when its transmitting and receiving messages via LAPD
board ,with TRX LAPD link as unit.
out statistic on signaling alternant of each O&M LAPD signaling link
which connecting TRX when its transmitting and receiving messages via
LAPD board ,with TRX O&M LAPD link as unit.

SCCPlink
measurement

Carry

Processor
load
measurement

Carry out statistic on CPU load internal memory service load and
file system load of each SMM and RMM module, with module as unit.

out statistic on signaling alternant of each SCCP link with SCCP link
as unit.

ZTE Traffic Statistic Overview --PS Service Measurement

1
PSbasic
measurement

It measures PS basic performance report, including resource status

service status and channel quality etc., can reflect comprehensively total PS
network performance.

NS
measurement

BSSGP
measurement

Carry out statistic on BSVC links data transmition signaling

alternant and abnormal reason etc. with single NSVC as measurement entity.

Mainly measure messages transmitting and receiving in Gb interface on

BSSGP layer of GPRS service.

NSE
measurement
PStraffic
statisticand
resource
management
measurement

Carry out statistic on paging status indication message BVC

signaling reset times etc. with single NSE as measurement entity.

PS traffic statistic measure cell services. Resource management mainly

measure BSC system resource usage.

Contents
ZTE Traffic Statistic Overview
Definitions Of Main Traffic Statistic Parameters
Position And Analyze Problems Making Use Of Traffic
Statistic
Traffic Statistic Analysis Cases

Definitions Of Key Traffic Statistics Indicators -- SDCCH

blocking rate
KPI name

SDCCH blocking rate

definition

Number of SDCCH blockings*100%/Number of SDCCH call

attempts
V3 (6.20)

(C900060005+C900060011+C900060039)*100
%/(C900060003+C900060010+C900060038)

Definitions Of Key Traffic Statistics Indicators

--Signaling statistical point of SDCCH blocking

Definitions Of Key Traffic Statistics Indicators -- TCH

blocking rate
KPI name

TCH blocking rate

Definition

Number of TCH blockings *100%/ Number of TCH call attempts

V3 (6.20)

(C900060020+C900060031+C900060043+C900060
047)*100%
/
(C900060019+C900060030+C900060042+C900060046
)

Definitions Of Key Traffic Statistics Indicators

--Signaling statistical point of TCH blocking

MS

BTS

BSC

MSC
ASS_CMD

CHL_ACT

B1

CHL_ACT_ACK

B2
ASS_CMD
ASS_CMD
SABM
UA

EST_IND

B3

ASS_COM
ASS_COM

B4

ASS_COM

Definitions Of Key Traffic Statistics Indicators --TCH

assignment success rate

KPI name

TCH assignment success rate

Definition

Number of TCH assignment successes*100/(Number of TCH

assignment successes + Number of TCH assignment failures)

V3 (V6.20)

((C900060028+C900060036+C900060199+C90006021
0+
C900060017+C900060235)*100/(C900060028+
C900060036+C900060199+C900060210+C900060017
+C900060235+C900060029+C900060037+C90006020
0+
C900060211+C900060018+C900060135)

Definitions Of Key Traffic Statistics Signaling statistical

point of TCH assignment success rate

MS

BTS

BSC

MSC
ASS_CMD

CHL_ACT

B1

CHL_ACT_ACK

B2
ASS_CMD
ASS_CMD
SABM
UA

EST_IND

B3

ASS_COM
ASS_COM

B4

ASS_COM

Definitions Of Key Traffic Statistics -- Signaling

statistical point of TCH assignment failure

MS
MSsends
sendsAssignment
AssignmentFailure
Failure
totoBSC
BSCafter
afterthe
theassignment
assignment
fails.
fails.

After
AfterT3107
T3107expires,
expires,BSC
BSC
counts
countsassignment
assignmentfailure
failurefor
for
one
onetime.
time.

Definitions Of Key Traffic Statistics --TCH call drop rate

KPI name

TCH drop rate / Call drop rate

Definition

Number of TCH call drops*100%/Number of TCH assignment

successes
(C900060054+C900060055)*100/
V3 (V6.20) (C900060028+C900060036
+C900060199+C900060210)

Definitions Of Key Traffic Statistics Indicators

Signaling statistical point of radio call drops

Definitions Of Key Traffic Statistics IndicatorsSignaling

statistical point of call drops due to handovers

MS

BTS:TRX

BSC

MS

Old BTS:

New BTS

BSC
CHANNEL ACT

CHANNEL ACTIVATE

CHANNEL ACT ACK

CHANNEL ACTIVATE ACK

A1
ASSIGNMENT COMMAND

A1
HANDOVER COMMAND

HANDOVER COMMAND

SET T8

SET T3107
T8 Timeout

A2

T3107
Timeout

A2

Call drop due to inter-BSC handover

Call drop due to intra-cell handover

MS

Old BTS:

New BTS

BSC
CHANNEL ACT

CHANNEL ACT ACK

A1
HANDOVER COMMAND

HANDOVER COMMAND

SET T3103

T3103
Timeout

A2

Call drop due to inter-BSC handover

The signaling statistical point for

call drops due to all kinds of
handovers is A2, which means
after the timer expires due to
handover failure, BSC clears the
channels and counts one time of
call drop due to handover failure.

Definitions Of Key Traffic Statistics --TCH handover

success rate
KPI name

Handover success rate

Definition

Number of busy-hour handover successes*100%/ Number of busy-hour

handover requests

V3 (V6.20)

(C900060098+C900060102+C900060120)*100/(C900060097
+C900060213+C900060214+C900060215+C900060099+
C900060100+C900060101+C900060216+C900060119)

Definitions Of Key Traffic Statistics Indicators -- Signaling

statistical point of TCH handover success rate

MS

BTS

BSC

MSC

MEAS_REP
MEAS_RES
CHL_ACT

C1

CHL_ACT_ACK

C2
ASS_CMD
ASS_CMD
SABM
UA
ASS_COM

EST_IND
ASS_COM

C3
HO_PREFORM

The
Thesignaling
signalingstatistical
statisticalpoint
pointofofintra-cell
intra-cellhandover
handoverrequest
requestisisC1,
C1,and
andthat
that
ofofhandover
handoversuccess
successisisC3,
C3,which
whichmeans
meansAssign
AssignComplete
Completemessage
messageisis
received
receivedby
byBSC
BSCafter
afterthe
thehandover
handoverisiscompleted
completedsuccessfully.
successfully.

Definitions Of Key Traffic Statistics Indicators --Signaling

statistical point of TCH handover success rate

The
Thesignaling
signalingstatistical
statisticalpoint
pointofofintra-BSC
intra-BSChandover
handoverrequest
requestisisA4,
A4,
which
means
the
message
received
by
BSC
is
incoming
handover
which means the message received by BSC is incoming handover
request.
request.The
Thesignaling
signalingstatistical
statisticalpoint
pointofofhandover
handoversuccess
successisisA6,
A6,
which
means
the
Handover
Complete
message
is
received
after
which means the Handover Complete message is received afterthe
the
handover
is
completed
successfully.
handover is completed successfully.

Definitions Of Key Traffic Statistics Indicators -- Signaling

statistical point of TCH handover success rate

MS

BTS

BSC

MSC
HO_REQ

CHL_ACT

D1

CHL_ACT_ACK

D2
HO_REQ_ACK
HO_ACCESS
PHY_INFO

HO_DETECT
HO_DETECT

SABM
UA
HO_COM

HO_COM

D3

HO_COM

The
Thesignaling
signalingstatistical
statisticalpoint
pointofofinter-BSC
inter-BSChandover
handoverrequest
requestisisD1,
D1,
which
means
the
handover
request
message
sent
by
MSC
is
received.
which means the handover request message sent by MSC is received.
The
Thesignaling
signalingstatistical
statisticalpoint
pointofofhandover
handoversuccess
successisisD3,
D3,which
which
represents
that
Handover
Complete
message
is
received.
represents that Handover Complete message is received.

Definitions Of Key Traffic Statistics Indicators -- DL TBF

establishment success rate

KPI name

DL TBF establishment success rate

Definition

Number of GPRS DL signaling TBF establishment + Number of GPRS DL

data TBF establishment + Number of EGPRS DL signaling TBF establishment +
Number of EGPRS DL data TBF establishment *100% / Number of DL
packet channel requests V3

V3 (V6.20)

(C900040007+C900040015+C900040008+C900040016)*100/
(C900040141+C900040142+C900040143+C900040144+
C900040145+C900040146+C900040147+C900040148)

Definitions Of Key Traffic Statistics Indicators -- Signaling

statistical point of DL TBF establishment success rate

Statistical point of DL TBF establishment before

Statistical point of DL TBF establishment before
T3192 expires: A
T3192 expires: A

Statistical point of DL TBF establishment with

Statistical point of DL TBF establishment with
existing resource: A
existing resource: A

Statistical point of DL TBF establishment on the PACCH of UL

Statistical point of DL TBF establishment on the PACCH of UL
TBF: A2
TBF: A2

The signaling statistical point of

The signaling statistical point of
DL TBF establishment usually
DL TBF establishment usually
consists of three flows: DL TBF
consists of three flows: DL TBF
establishment before T3192
establishment before T3192
expires; DL TBF establishment
expires; DL TBF establishment
during DL TBF; DL TBF
during DL TBF; DL TBF
establishment on the PACCH of
establishment on the PACCH of
UL TBF.
UL TBF.

Definitions Of Key Traffic Statistics IndicatorsUL TBF

establishment success rate

KPI name

UL TBF establishment success rate

Definition

Number of GPRS UL signaling TBF establishment + Number of GPRS UL

data TBF establishment + Number of EGPRS UL signaling TBF establishment +
Number of EGPRS UL data TBF establishment *100% / Number of UL packet
channel requests V3

V3 (V6.20)

(C900040025+C900040033+C900040026+C900040034)*100/
(C900040159+C900040160+C900040161+C900040168+
C900040163+C900040164+C900040165+C900040166)

Definitions Of Key Traffic Statistics IndicatorsSignaling

statistical point of UL TBF establishment success rate

UL
ULTBF
TBFestablishment
establishmentconsists
consistsofoftwo
twomodes:
modes:one-phase
one-phaseaccess
access(left
(left
figure)
figure)and
andtwo-step
two-stepaccess
access(right
(rightfigure);
figure);the
thestatistical
statisticalpoint
pointofofaccess
access
success
successisisA1.
A1.

Contents
ZTE Traffic Statistic Overview
Definitions Of Main Traffic Statistic Parameters
Position And Analyze Problems Making Use Of Traffic
Statistic
Traffic Statistic Analysis Cases

Position And Analyze Problems with Traffic Statistics-- Traffic

Statistic Analysis Content
Call Drop Problems
Analysis
TCH congestion
problems analysis

Handover problem
analysis

Traffic Statistic
Analysis Content
TCH assignment
problems analysis

SDCCH congestion
problems analysis
SDCCH assignment
problems analysis

Position And Analyze Problems with Traffic Statistics

Whole Principle of Traffic Statistic Analysis

Whole Principle From whole problem to the particular problem, from

one-day network index observation to one-week network index, from single
index to their correlation, from the key cells to subordinate cells.
Before Traffic Statistic Analysis Collect overall data, including all kinds of
performance reports and measurement data, and need to know such basic
information as networking structure.
Carry out Traffic Statistic Analysis Based on the principle of grasp the
situation macroscopically, handle it microscopically and characteristics of
traffic statistic data, traffic statistic analysis is a process from the whole
network performance measurements to the cells performance
measurements, and a gradual process from the main index to
subordinate index. It analyzes network performance index first, with a clear
grasp of the whole network index, then determines which index are worse,
finally analyzes the main cells which cause worse index.
Combine with other network optimization tools During traffic statistic
analyzing, it needs to combine with other network optimization tools to
position and analyze problems.

Position And Analyze Problems with Traffic Statistics

TOP Analyze Method

Description of TOP 10 Method: Use data sort and filter functions of

EXCEL or other software tools to sort each data from bad to good.
Thus facilitate connecting each data ,finding the rules and locating
problems more easily.
Carry out studying and contrastive analysis on the sub-items
statistic function of BSC-level traffic statistic report.
If certain important index (such as call drop rate successful
handover rate) are found abnormal in BSC-level traffic statistic
report, then carry out cell-level traffic statistic to analyze its more
detailed content.
Check the cells which single index is abnormal and has more
absolute times of failure (call drop congestion handover failure,
etc) .
Combine the two parameters, percentage and absolute times of
failure (call drop congestion handover failure, etc), to decide
whether it needs to adopt further measures.

Position And Analyze Problems with Traffic Statistics--Traffic

Statistic Analysis General Idea
BSCLevel
Report
CELLLevel
Report
HighCall
DropRate
AlarmInformation

CSBasicService CarrierFrequency
Measurement ServiceMeasurement
HighCongestion
Rate

CSBasicService
Measurement

AlarmInformation

CellRadio
Measurement

RadioAccess
Measurement

CellRadio
Measurement

HighHandover
FailureRate
AlarmInformation

HandoverReason HandoverCommon
AdjacentCellHandoverCSBasicService
Measurement
Measurement
Measurement
Measurement

Position And Analyze Problems with Traffic Statistics--Traffic

Statistic Analysis General Idea

The other optimization methods

DT Simulate Subscriber make calls in moving

state, Analyze coverage quality handover
signaling.
CQT make a great deal of calls in different
place
Signaling Trace Collecting signaling through
signaling tool or OMCR signaling trace function.

Position And Analyze Problems with Traffic Statistics--Index Analysis Filter

Method
First Commonness

Commonness Problems

Equipment
hardware problems
Interference
problems
Coverage
problems

Second Individuality

Individuality Problems

Handover
problems
Other radio
parameters problems

Position And Analyze Problems with Traffic

Statistics

Commonness factors lead to bad KPI

Equipment hardware problems
Interference problems
Coverage problems
Other factors

Position And Analyze Problems with Traffic Statistics

Common Problems

Position And Analyze Problems with Traffic Statistics-Common

Problems
Equipment Hardware Problems
Method of Position and Resolve

Traffic Statistic Analysis

CELL

performance report SDCCH and

TCH usable rate abnormal < 100% High
TCH assignment failure rate especially >
10%
BTS

measurement position call drop

and assignment failure of TRX level
Alarm

statistic: find hardware problems

Dynamic

channel observation carrier

frequency occupying abnormally
NMS

measurement SDCCH/TCH channel

occupation time
Check

clock problems

Monitor

transmission find transmission

problems

The hardware problems of transmission

error code and stability REPEATER
self-excitation tower top amplifier yawp
etc. .

Target cell channel activation NACK or

TIMEOUT

High group link call drop times

Synchronize CLOCK

Position range of hardware problems

according to left analysis judging
whether TRX , CMM and TIC problem,
whether power of power amplifier too low,
combiner, divider, REPEATER problem
etc..

Position And Analyze Problems with Traffic Statistics-Common

Problems
Interference
Traffic Statistic Analysis
CELL traffic statistic Analyze interference
bands level

Method of Position and Resolve

CS basic measurement Analyze discipline of

interference bands appears change with time
and traffic capacity

Frequency check Analyze inner

interference within same or adjacent
frequency point

Sweep frequency test search external

interference

DT Check interference and signal quality

status of the problem section ;

Adjust BTSs transmit power of correlative

cells antenna downtilt or frequency
point etc. to avoid interference;

Enable function of HP DTX DPC etc. ;

Resolve equipment problems (such as:

TRX board self-excitation antenna
intermodulation).

BTS measurement Position TRX level

interference bands

Handover reason measurement The ratio of

UL/DL RQ handover to all handover

Cell radio measurement Analyze level and

quality status of cells.

Abis interfaces signaling trace Analyze cells

and TRXs with interference.

Position And Analyze Problems with Traffic Statistics-Common

Problems
Coverage Problems
Traffic Statistic Analysis
Cell traffic statistic: Worse UL/DL
RQ and KPI;

Power control performance

measurement: average of UL/DL
signal level is too low;

Cell radio measurement: Times of

low RX-Level have higher
percentage;

Handover reason measurement:

Times of rescue UL/DL Rx-lev
handover has higher percentage;

Method of Position and Resolve

DT in weak coverage area;

Adjust

network parameters according to

DT result;
BTS

transmitting power, antenna

downtilt and height,
Rxlev_ACCESS_MIN_MS, the neighbor
relation, RXLEV_ACCESS_MIN of
handover candidate cell.
Adjust

coverage, avoid overcoverage owe-coverage and alone

island phenomenon;
Add

BTS.

Position And Analyze Problems with Traffic Statistics--Call

Drop Analysis

Call Drop Type

Radio Link Failure call drop
Handover Failure call drop
LAPD call drop

Position And Analyze Problems with Traffic Statistics--Call

Drop Analysis
Analysis Frame
1

2
Confirm higher
call drop cell

BSC

Level
performance report

CELL level

Confirm
call drop type
CELL Level

performance report
CS

performance report

basic
measurement

3
Confirm TRX level
call drop
BTS

measurement

Cell

radio
measurement

particular

to

Easy

to position
and analyze

Common

problems

analysis
Individuality

problems analysis

Alarm statistic

From whole

4
Analyze call drop
factors

Alarm analysis

Carrier frequency

level

First commonness
then individuality

5
Solve Call
drop problems
Traffic

statistic
analysis

Signaling

analysis

Other optimization

methods

Execute

and solve
problems

Position And Analyze Problems with Traffic Statistics--Call

Drop Analysis
Common causes of call drop
Handover parameters
setting problems
Equipment hardware

UL/DL imbalance

problems

Call Drop
Setting of other
Interference

parameters is
irrationality
Coverage Problems

Common Problems
already analyzed

Position And Analyze Problems with Traffic Statistics--Call

Drop
Analysis
Improper setting of handover parameters
Traffic Statistic Analysis
Check

handover parameters, find

unreasonable parameters setting;
Handover common measurement, check
handover out failure status;
Handover common measurement, check
handover reason and percents of each kind
of handover;
Adjacent cell handover statistic
measurement: low success rate of
handover out aim at certain cell find
target cell with low handover success rate
and looking for cause;
CS basic service measurement: handover
times/call times 3

Resolve Methods
Add

neighbor relation in reason;

Adjust

handover parameters.

Position And Analyze Problems with Traffic Statistics--Call

Drop Analysis
UL/DL Imbalance (Tower top amplifier HPA Antenna azimuth)
Traffic Statistic Analysis

CS basic service measurement: Analyze

UL/DL Average_Rx_Lev;
Abis interface signaling trace: Analyze
UL/DL Rx_Lev;
Cell radio measurement: Analyze UL/DL
Rx_Lev distributing.

Resolve Methods

Check tower top

amplifier CDU RDU BTS boards
and RF feeder;

Check antenna feeder. Check antenna

azimuth and downtilt whether according
with design criterion; check antenna
feeder, jumper feeder is connected rightly
and connecters are connected tightly,
feeder is undamaged, make sure standing
wave rate under normal range.

Position And Analyze Problems with Traffic Statistics--Call

Drop
Analysis
Improper setting of other parameters
Traffic Statistic Analysis

Check radio parameters: adjust irrational

parameters;
irrational RLT and Rx_lev_Min;

Resolve Methods

Amend irrational parameters.

Position And Analyze Problems with Traffic Statistics

Handover
Problems Analysis
Handover Analysis Idea

Position And Analyze Problems with Traffic Statistics

Handover
Problems Analysis
General Analysis Idea

Cells with handover problems: All cells or individual

cell.
Handover direction of problem cells : Handover out
cell failure or in cell handover failure;
Object of handover failure: Between service cell
and multi-cell or individual cell.
MSC1

BSC3

BSC2

BSC1

MSC2

Position And Analyze Problems with Traffic Statistics

Handover Problems Analysis
Checking Handover Index
Check

cells with lower handover success rate;

Check

cells with much handover failure times

Analyze

handover out/in failure times, find out main factors of

handover failure;
Register

out/in cells handover performance;

Observe

trait of handover failure: For all adjacent cells or individual

adjacent cell all conditions or part condition lower handover

success rate.

Position And Analyze Problems with Traffic Statistics

Handover
Problems
Analysis
Possible
Factors influencing Handover
Success Rate

Common Problems
already analyzed

Handover
Parameters
Irrationality
UL/DL Imbalance

Lead Low Handover

Success Rate

Equipment
Problem

Interference

Coverage

Position And Analyze Problems with Traffic Statistics

Handover
Problems
Analysis
Improper
setting of handover parameters
Traffic Statistic Analysis
Cell

performance report: Low handover

success rate, more handover failure times;
measurement: filter TRXs with more
handover failure times.

Resolve Methods

BTS

Basic

measurement: analyze every

handover factors percent, PBGT handover
percent too high or too low;
Handover

statistic handover: find out two

cells lead to handover failure.

Check PBGT rescue handover etc.

handover level threshold, setting of
handover function switch whether correct.
Result of handover times vs TCH call
occupation success times is disproportion.
If handover/call 3 Ping-pong handover
exist in all probability, should check
handover parameters setting and adjust
(least time space of inter-cell, PBGT
HoLevThs etc.)

Position And Analyze Problems with Traffic Statistics

Handover
Problemsanalysis
Analysis
Comprehensive
Traffic Statistic Analysis

Performance report of cells level: target

cell congestion;
CS basic measurement: low handover in
success rate, maybe handover in cell
hardware problems or has interference
etc.;
Low handover success rate: maybe target
cell congestion or handover parameters
setting is irrationality;
Check neighbor relation: whether have
omitted neighbor,single or redundant
neighbor;
Check exterior cell: setting of exterior cell
parameters error.

Resolve Methods

Extend capacity of target cell or traffic

proportion;
Check hardware;
Adjust handover parameters;
Optimize adjacent cells;

Position And Analyze Problems with Traffic Statistics

Handover Problems Analysis

Other

After eliminate commonness problems, optimize parameters of

adjacent cells, analyze and resolve UL/DL balance problems of adjacent

cells,

Position And Analyze Problems with Traffic Statistics-- Analysis

Of
Blocking
TCH
Possible causes of TCH blocking
Shortage of system
capacity or traffic
imbalance
Interference

Antenna and feeder

system problem

TCH Blocking
Parameters setting

Coverage problem

problem
Data configuration

Common Problems
already analyzed

problem

Position And Analyze Problems with Traffic Statistics-Analysis

Ofsystem
TCH Blocking
Lack of
capacity or unbalanced traffic
Judging Method

Too high traffic capacity in TCH (Traffic

per channel>0.6)
Too much overflow times, system busy
for a long time;
Traffic imbalance (three cells of one
BTS traffic imbalance, or several BTS
traffic imbalance;
Analyze out serious congestion from
performance reports.

Solution

Extend capacity, or adjust configuration

of busy and idle carrier cells;
Adjust coverage (adjust transmit power
of BTS, antenna azimuth, downtilt,
height etc.);
Adjust main parameters (CRO,
Rxlev_access_Min_MS, enable trafficHo
function);
Adjust priority level and handover
parameters of cells.

Position And Analyze Problems with Traffic Statistics-Analysis

Of TCH Blocking
Antenna and feeder problem
Judging Method

Frequency point scanning: results to

same frequency point through main
and secondary diversity antenna
measuring;
Cell radio measurement: signal level,
quality disturbing;
Signaling tracing: measurement report
analysis.

Solution

Check antenna azimuth, downtilt,

connection of antenna and feeder
system.

Position And Analyze Problems with Traffic Statistics-Analysis

Of TCH
Blocking
Improper
setting of parameters
Judging Method

Performance statistics report: judging

TCH congestion;
Alarm information statistic BTS or
TRX problem;
BTS measurement: check TRXs;
Check parameters:
RxLev_Access_Min_MS, cell reselect
parameters.

Solution

Adjust irrationality parameters setting;

Solve problems.

Position And Analyze Problems with Traffic Statistics-- Analysis

Of
Blocking
SDCCH
Causes of SDCCH blocking
SDCCH

Parameters problem

Interference

SDCCH Congestion
Capacity

LAC Partition

Common Problems
already analyzed

Position And Analyze Problems with Traffic Statistics-Analysis

Of SDCCH
Blocking
Improper
setting of parameters
Judging Method

Basic measurement: judging reasons

for SDCCH congestion
Radio access measurement:
immediate assignment success
times/immediate assignment
times>85
Parameters checking: parameters of
correlative with radio access;
Low usability rate SDCCH.

Solution

Adjust parameters (random access

error level threshold, RACH access
level threshold), Maximum
retransmission times, Extend
Transmission distributed timeslots );
Adjust location update parameters;
Adjust parameters of the dual-band
network.

Position And Analyze Problems with Traffic Statistics-Analysis

Of SDCCH
Blocking
Insufficient
system capacity
Judging Method

Performance report: TCH and SDCCH

both congested;
Performance report: TCH dont
congest but SDCCH is congested
seriously;
Parameters adjusting: traffic hinge,
such as aviation hinge, railway station
etc., has lots of location updates;
SMS leap.

Solution

Extend network capacity;

Add SDCCH;
Adjust T3122 T3212 RACH
parameters etc.
Adjust other parameters.

Position And Analyze Problems with Traffic Statistics-Analysis

Of SDCCH
Blocking
Improper
LAC division
Judging Method

Performance report: SDCCH

congested badly;
Basic measurement: percent of
location update too high;
LAC partition: business area, LAC
areas are crossed badly;

Solution

Adjust CRH
Adjust cell reselect parameters
Adjust T3212
Adjust other parameters.

Position And Analyze Problems with Traffic Statistics-Analysis

Of SDCCH
Blocking
Existence
of interference
Judging Method

RACH level threshold is lower, at the

same time has interference, system
mistake for having lots of SDCCH
occupation requests.
Performance report: SDCCH
congested badly;
Basic measurement: more useless
SDCCH access ;

Solution

Check and adjust frequency point;

Solve interferences;
Adjust access parameters.

TCH

Position
And Analyze Problems with Traffic Statistics
Analysis of TCH Assignment Problems

TCH Channel Analysis Process

3
2
1
Channel Occupation
After the system
receives CHANNEL
REQUIRE command, it
will inquire channel
resources in MP
database.

TCH Channel
Allocation
BSC sends Channel
Activation FOR TCH
command to BTS that is
TCH channel allocation
attempt. BSC receives BTSs
feedback message Channel
Activation ACK, then
allocation has been done.

TCH Channel
Assignment
It is carried out
between BSC and MS. BTS
just transmits commands
transparently. Then it is a
channel assignment attempt.
When BSC receives BTSs
feedback message Establish
Indication, it is considered
assignment is successful.

Position And Analyze Problems with Traffic Statistics

Analysis of TCH Assignment Problems
Causes of TCH Assignment Failure

Hardware problems TRX CDU loose panel cables

Interference co-channel/ adjacent-channel interference/ external interference;

Antenna problems: damaged antenna feeder, uni-polarized antenna azimuth,

inconsistence between down-tilt and antenna type, high VSWR, crossed or

misconnected antenna feeders;

Unreasonable parameter configuration improper setting of HF parameters, T3107

value is set too small, inconsistence between data configured at OMCR and the data
planned, etc.;

Coverage problem weak signal or uplink &downlink imbalance ;

Repeater problem: uplink/downlink interference or imbalance of uplink/downlink;

Other reasons soft & hardware versions of the system signaling cooperation

between BSC and MSC;

Position And Analyze Problems with Traffic Statistics

Analysis
of TCH
Assignment Problems
Analysis
of traffic statistics
Judging Method

Performance report find out cells with

TCH assignment failure;
Basic measurements judge
interference band call
drop handover uplink& downlink
RQ value;

Alarm statistics hardware problems

BTS measurements position TCH

assignment failure of carrier frequency
level

NMS judge whether carrier frequency

occupation is normal by occupation time
of TCH and SDCCH;

Parameter configuration
unreasonable dynamic SDCCH
parameter configuration.

Solution

Check

cell is

whether radio parameters of the

reasonable;

Check

BER idle interference band level

index, decrease radio interference;

Check

hardware of the cells;

Check

transmission problems;

DT

analysis;

Check

BSC and base station versions to

avoid unmatched versions leading to TCH
assignment failure.

Contents
ZTE Traffic Statistic Overview
Definitions Of Main Traffic Statistic Parameters
Position And Analyze Problems Making Use Of Traffic
Statistic
Traffic Statistic Analysis Cases

Cases of Call Drop

Phenomenon Description

On 16, March, from OMCR BAM statistic, I10 of Station 3 of BSC 80 in PAKTEL network had
much more call drop rate suddenly, with its rate more than 7%. Call drop times increased a lot.

Problem Analysis

Through carrying out statistic on detailed performance data, checking call drop types, we found
radio link failure accounted for great part of call drop;

Through carrying out statistic on the interference band of the cell, we found 3-level or above
interference band accounted for higher percentage;

We doubted first that the station had interference. After checking frequency planning, we found
there was no neighboring interference with adjoining cells . Through BTS measurements, we
found the second and third carrier frequency of the station had a higher failure rate

From alarm statistics, this station had no hardware alarms, no adjacent cells missed in
configuration, handover parameters are reasonable. However, its found that the MAIOs of the
second and third TRXs are the same.

Cases of Call Drop

Solution

After adjusting MAIO of the third carrier frequency from 8 to 10, the interference
disappeared, call drop times decreased greatly and call drop rate restored to
normal.

Region

NORTH

Cell Name

I102

BSC ID

80

CELL ID

50022

DATE

TCH in call drop

rate(%)

2006-3-16

8.17

2006-3-17

7.74

2006-3-18

7.53

2006-3-19

7.97

2006-3-31

1.03

2006-4-1

0.94

2006-4-2

0.85

2006-4-3

0.76

Remark

Before
Adjustment

After
Adjustment

Cases of TCH Handover Problems

Phenomenon Description

In Tong Ning Road Elementary School BTS of Ge Er Mu Mobile company, during

DT(site:32, S465,C1:50251/50252/50253), we found the station can not handover
among three cells, but can handover (out/in) with neighboring cells normally. No
problems can be detected just from BTW traffic statistic because each index is in
normal state. Only by DT can we found problems. We analyzed Lay 3 signaling via
DT, and found MS hardly received handover command which was sent out from
the system until the vehicle left, then it handover with other neighboring cells.

Cases of TCH Handover Problems

Problem Analysis
BSC
No.

SITE
No.

CEL
L
No,

Adjoining
Cell CI

11101(succ
essful
handover
out
attempts to
the
adjoining
cell)

32

50252

77

53

48

Checked parameters of BAM in

the station, and the
configuration is ok;
Then checked station hardware
and it is normal;
Resetting the station can not
solve the problem.

11102(suc
cessful
handover
out
attempts
to the
adjoining
cell)

32

Other
adjacent
Cell

32

50251

100

63

59

reconfigure the base station

data can not either.
Front and back platform ZDB
files are consistent

Solution
After resetting MP, handover
restored to normal.

32

Other
adjacent
Cell

32

50251

57

32

Other
adjacent
Cell

335

295

Cases of TCH Blocking

Phenomenon Description

On 21, December, we carried out statistic from BAM, and found TCH traffic of the
third sector of No. 106 station in BSC8 under Libyan network is very congested
suddenly. TCH congestion rate exclude handover arrived at higher than 30%.

Problem Analysis

Before, this sector wasnt congested, but this time was in sudden TCH traffic
congestion. After implementing statistic on the performance report and alarm
statistic of the surrounding cells, we found the reason for congestion was that
No.127 station corresponding with this cell had broken, thus the neighboring traffic
had been absorbed by the third sector of No, 106 station.

Solution

After coordinating with the office, commission the No.127 station in time. Then TCH
traffic congestion of the third sector of N0. 127 had been cleared.

Cases of TCH Blocking

A Contrast Before &After Optimization

BSC-SITE ID-BTS

Cell and Location Area

Cell(LAC-CI)

SDCCH in
conges
tion
rate(%)

TCH in congestion
rate(exclude
handover)(%)

TCH overflow total

number(exclu
de handover)

Bsc8-Site106-Bts1

LAC8198-CI11061

Bsc8-Site106-Bts2

LAC8198-CI11062

Bsc8-Site106-Bts3

LAC8198-CI11063

0.04

30.24

936

After Adjustment
Bsc8-Site106-Bts1

LAC8198-CI11061

Bsc8-Site106-Bts2

LAC8198-CI11062

Bsc8-Site106-Bts3

LAC8198-CI11063

0.04

Cases of SDCCH Blocking

Phenomenon Description

In September, after No.61 new station had been commissioned, SDCCH channel of the third
cell congested suddenly and its congestion rate was as high as 35%.

Problem Analysis

Through analyzing the basic measurement of the cell, we found the reason for SDCCH
congestion in the third cell was that there existed a great amount of positions to be updated.
After checking plan data and LAC division, we didnt find unreasonable points. Thus we
analyzed that this new station had certain mistaken data during commissioning.

Solution

After checking, we found LAC No. of the third cell in the station is 8198, while LAC No. of other
two cells of the station is 8199. It is confirmed that during commissioning the new station, LAC
No. of the third cell was input 8198 mistakenly. It should be 8199. Thus caused a great amount
of positions to be updated. Through readjustment, SDCCH congestion rate restored to normal.

Cases of TCH Assignment

Phenomenon Description

In the third cell of No.1 station of PHO, its call drop rate arrives at 6.9%
,successful handover in rate is only 68.38%, while handover out rate is 91.31%.

Problem Analysis

TCH assignment rate is morn than 10%, from which we excluded the interference
problem and make sure that the cell has hardware problems. After analyzing BTS
measurements of the cell, we found that TCH assignment failure rate of the second
carrier frequency in the cell is very high, arriving at 30%. And during on-site testing,
we found that after occupying this carrier frequency, the signal level is 20dB less
than BCCH carrier frequency level.

Solution

After changing carrier frequency, each parameter restores to normal.

Cases of TCH Assignment

A Contrast Before &After Optimization

BSC -SITE
ID-BTS

Cell and Location

Area
Cell(LAC-CI)

TCH in call drop

rate(include
handover)
(%)

TCH dropped
call total
number

TCH assign
failure
rate(%)

Handover in
success
rate(%)

Handover out
success
rate(%)

Bsc80-Site1Bts3

LAC1003-CI50003

6.9

98

12.28

68.38

91.31

After Adjustment
Bsc80-Site1Bts3

LAC1003-CI50003

0.9

2.28

92.38

92.89