Did you know the Earth is a giant rock?

Minerals are nonliving, solid substances

They occur naturally - they are not made
by people
Minerals have different shapes, colors,
weights, and degrees of hardness
Minerals come together to form rocks

There are three types of rocks:

Each type of rock is formed in

a different way

 Igneousrocksformwhenmoltenmaterialcoolsand
hardens.
Ifthemoltenmaterialisinsidetheearth,itiscalledmagma.
Ifthemoltenmaterialisontheearthssurface,itiscalledlava.

Themoltenmaterialcrystallizesintodifferentminerals.
Thepropertiesandsizesofthevariouscrystalsdependon
themagmascompositionandrateofcooling.

 Magmapushesuptowardthe
surface.
Avolcanoformsonthe
surface.
Lavaflowsoutofthevolcano
andcoolsquickly,forming
igneousrocks.
Undergroundmagmapools
form,themagmacools
slowly,formingcrystallized
igneousrocks.

Examplesof
IgneousRocks
Obsidian

Pumice

Granite

Basalt

The beauty of
Pumice

 Sedimentaryrocksaremadeofsediments

Sedimentscomefromerodedigneous,
metamorphic,andothersedimentaryrocks,andthe
remainsofdeadplantsandanimals.

Thesesedimentsaredepositedinlayersand
arethensqueezedandcompressedintorock.
Mostfossilsarefoundinsedimentaryrocks.

 Overtime,eroded
sedimentsdeposited
atthebaseofariver.
Undergreat
pressure,the
sedimentsare
pressedorsqueezed
toformsedimentary
rocks.

Examples of Sedimentary Rocks

Limestone

Shale
Sandstone

Conglomerate
Sandstone

Sedimentary Samples

 Metamorphicrocksformwhensedimentary,
igneous,orothermetamorphicrocksare
transformedbygreatheatand/orpressure.
ThewordmetamorphiccomefromtheGreek
languageandmeanstochangeform.

 Sedimentssinkand
addpressureon
lowerrocks.
Heatandpressure
beneaththesurface
changethemineral
makeupolderrocks,
formingnew
metamorphicrocks.

Examples of
Metamorphic Rocks
Marble
Gneiss

Schist

Metamorphic Mts.

Metamorphic Rock:
Before and After

TypesofRocks
TypesofRocks

Igneous
Igneous

Sedimentary
Sedimentary

Metamorphic
Metamorphic

MadefromMagma
MadefromMagma
ThathasCooledandHardened
ThathasCooledandHardened

MadefromSediments
MadefromSediments
UnderUnderPressure
UnderUnderPressure

FormwhenHeatorPressure
FormwhenHeatorPressure
ChangestheMineralsinto
ChangestheMineralsinto
NewMinerals
NewMinerals

Rockcyclegraphic:EarthScience:Part2,(2002).Therock
cycle.http://www.beyondbooks.com/ear82/7.asp
Rockformationanimations:RockytheRockHound.
http://www.fi.edu/fellows/fellow1/oct98/
Gravelbackground:sprott.physics.wisc.edu/fractals.htm
Sedimentary,igneous,andmetamorphicfillphotos:
http://wrgis.wr.usgs.gov/docs/usgsnps/rxmin/rock.html

TitleofLesson:RocksRock!
ContentArea:Science
GradeLevel:ThirdGrade
Subject:RocksandMinerals

Objectives:
Thestudentwillbeabletotellthatallrocksare
madeofminerals.
Thestudentwillbeabletonamethethreetypesof
rocks.
Thestudentwillbeabletodescribethethreeways
thatrocksareformed.
Thestudentwillbeabletoexplaintherockcycle.

Purpose of Presentation
Toactivateandbuildthestudentsschema
andbackgroundknowledgeonrocks.
Toexplainthethreetypesofrocksinmore
detailthanthetextbook.
Toincreasestudentinterestinthetopicof
rocks.
Toaccommodatevisualandauditory
learners.