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Acute Respiratory
Distress Syndrome
By: Kristine Charisse V.
Tanedo
BSN III MSU-IIT
What is ARDS?
• - is a serious reaction to various
forms of injuries to the lung
•
• - severe lung disease caused by
a variety of direct and indirect
issues
•
• - There is 30% increase in fluid
content
•
ARDS
• Other names: stiff lung
• White lung
• Wet lung
• Shock lung
• Acute lung injury
• Increase permeability pulmonary
edema
• Noncardiac pulmonary edema
•
ARDS
• Major site: alveolar capillary wall
•
• Hallmark: hypoxemia
•
• ABG level: Respiratory acidosis
•
Causes:
• Fluid Overload
• Supine position
• Shock
• Trauma
• Neurological injury
• Burns
• Drug congestion
• Aspiration
• Inhalation of toxic substance
• Disseminated intravascular coagulation
– Increase blood viscosity
– End effect: hemorrhage
Other causes:
• Direct lung injury
• -conditions directly injure lungs
include:
• Pneumonia
• Aspiration
• Breathe harmful fumes/smoke
• Ventilator
• Near-drowning
Other causes:
• Indirect lung injury
• Sepsis
• Severe bleeding due to injury
• Many blood transfusions
• Chest and head injury
• Pancreatitis (increase amylase)
• Fat embolus
• Drug overdose
Pathophysiology:
Assessment:
• Tachypnea
•
• Dyspnea
•
• Decrease breathe sounds
•
• Deteriorating ABG levels
•
Interventions:
• Prevents atelectasis
– lack of gas exchange within alveoli, due to
alveolar collapse or fluid consolidation.
• (normal: 21-35 seconds)