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Page 1
Matrices
A matrix consisting of m horizontal rows and n
vertical columns is called an mn matrix or a
matrix of size mn.
a12
.
.
.
.
a11
a
21
.
a12
.
...
a1n
...
...
.
.
... a2n
...
.
9 4
7 2 4
1 3
d. The matrix 9 11 5 6 8 has size 3 5.
6 2 1 1 1
Page 3
Equality of Matrices
Matrices A = [aij ] and B = [bij] are equal if
they have the same size and aij = bij for
each i and j.
Transpose of a Matrix
Solution:
1 4
AT 2 5
3 6
Observe that
T T
A
Page 4
Matrix Addition
Sum A + B is the m n matrix obtained by adding
corresponding entries of A and B.
a.
b.
1 2 7 2 1 7 2 2 8 0
3 4 6 4 3 6 4 4 3 8
5 6 3
0 5 3 6 0 8 6
1 2 2
3 4 1 is impossible as matrices are not of the same
size.
Page 5
a. 2
6 6 2
2 6 6 2
4 8
4 1 4 1 4 4 1 1 8 0
3 0 2 3
3 1
3 2 0 3
Page 6
D2 0 17 1
DE 20 0 8
D3 4 6 12
DS 30 5 0
D1 D2 D3 3 2 5 0 17 1 4 6 12 7 25 18
Total:
DC DE DS 0 1 4 20 0 8 30 5 0 50 6 12
25 18 50 6 12 57 31 30
Page 7
Scalar Multiplication
Properties of Scalar Multiplication:
Subtraction of Matrices
Property of subtraction is A 1 A
Page 8
m n
n p
MUST BE SAME
SIZE OF PRODUCT
Multiplication of Matrices
Find AB
3 2 1
A
0 4 1
11 1 3 5
3 3 2 2 2 2
2 4
B 1 3
3 1
Find AB
3 2 1
A
0 4 1
55
AB
AB
1
2 4
B 1 3
3 1
77 7
4
442
311
00300
324424
4
33123 31111
7 1
11
Notice the sizes of A and B and the size of the product AB.
Now we multiply across the first
second
rowrow
andand
down
down
the the
second
first
We multiplied across first row and down first column
column column
second
and welland
putwell
the answer
put the in
answer
the second
first
in the
row,row,
second
second
firstrow,
so we put the answer in the first row, first column.
Page 11
column.column.
second
2 4
3 2 1
A
B 1 3
0 4 1
3 1 3132121213123223114134034141004410
9
4614
2312
ly
ip
ult
across
acrossthird
second
second
third
row
row
row
row
across
first
second
row
row
as
as
aswe
we
godown
down
we
as
we
go go
go
down
down
first
third
third
first
second
second
third
column:
column:
column:
column:
column:
second
column:
first
column:
column:
32
can m
23
12
12
12
12 2
66 666 12
2 22
wer
size of a n s
BA
BA
BA
BA
BA
3
3
3
14
14
14
4
4
4
99 10
4
10
Commuter's Beware!
Completely different than AB!
AB BA
Page 12
4
1 2 3 5 32
6
1
1 6
2 1 6 2 12
3
3 18
1 3
2 2
0
1
0
1
2 1
0 4 2
2 5 3 11
3 4 1 0
2 7 4 10
b22
a
b
a
b
a
b
a
b
22 21
21 12
22 22
21 11
Page 13
Solution:
The cost vector is
Q 5 units of B
11 units of C
7
PQ 2 3 4 5 73
11
Page 14
250
Q 325
175
22,843.75
Page 15
If
1 2
3 4
3 0 1
1 1 2
1 2
A BC
3 4
1 0
C 0 2
1 1
Solution
2:
1 0
3 0 1
1 1 2 0 2
1 1
1 2 2 1 4 9
3 4 3 4 18 13
1
1 2 3 0 1
0
AB C
3 4 1 1 2 1
1 0
1 2 5
0
2
13
1 1
0
2
1
4 9
18 13
Page 16
3 2
A
1 4
51
2
5
1
10
3
10
1 0
I
0 1
0 0
0 0
Solution:
1 0 3 2
2 2
a. I A
0
1
1
4
3 2
3 2 2 0 3 6
1 0
b. 3 A 2I 3
1
4
0
1
1
4
0
2
3
6
3 2 0 0
O
1 4 0 0
c. AO
3 2 52
d. AB
1
1 4 10
51
3
10
1 0
I
0 1
Page 17
2 x1 5 x 2 4
Write the system
8 x1 3 x 2 7
8
3
x1
X
x2
4
B
7
2
Page 18
Page 19
Page 20
5 20 16 7 17 1200
75850
RC 7 18 12 9 21 800 81550
6 25 8 5 13 150
71650
1500
Page 21
1
2
2 5
A
1 3
Page 22
Inverses
Find matrix :
ad-bc = IAI=
determinant A
Page 23
Inverses
Find matrix :
2 5
A
1
3
Page 24
Exercises
Find its inverse
Page 25
Inverses 3x3
Find the minor of Matric A:
Eliminate the first row and
first coloumn, get IM11I
Page 26
Page 27
Page 28
1 0 0
0 3 0
0 0 4
K=
12 0 0
0
4
0
0
0 3
Page 29
12 0 0
0
4
0
0
0 3
Page 30
A -1
0
0
1
0 1/ 3 0
0
0
1 / 4
Page 31
3 0 1
Page 32
Quiz no.1
Jababeka property accepted orders for five ranch-style
houses, two Cape Cod style houses, and four colonial
style houses. This order represented by:
Q 5 2 4
2000
1200
C 800
200
1500