INFECTION

CONTROL
PRACTICES IN
WORKPLACE
Prepared by:
Meliza C. Dizon, RN

objectives

What is infection control?

Infection

Control in a health care facility

is the prevention of the spread of
microorganisms from:
Patient to patient
Patient to Staff member
Staff member to patient

Who does infection control?

Every health care facility should have a person or

team that is responsible to ensure Infection
Control Policies and Procedures are in place.

Non-health workers is also responsible for

assuring their own compliance with infection
control policies

Why is Infection Control important?

More

susceptible patients are treated

and cared in health care facilities

Large

amounts of waste
contaminated with blood and body
substances are handled that can
increase risk of infection

Isolation precautions
Protective

measure used in
keeping susceptible and
compromised hosts against
hospital acquired infection.

Person
Responsible/Responsibilities
Infectious

Disease (IDS)
Consultant/Attending Physician

Staff

Nurse

Infection

Control Nurse

Start
Identification of
confirmed infectious
Referring to ICC
Apply Precautionary
Measures
Needs
Isolation
YES

NO

Transfer to
isolation room
Ordering release from
Isolation Precaution

End

Types of Isolation Precaution

Standard

Precaution

Transmission-based

Precaution

* Airborne/Droplet/Contact
Special Precaution
* Reverse Isolation or Protective Environment

Standard Precaution
Are

infection control practices required

for the basic level of infection control
which includes:

*Hand Hygiene
*Personal Protective Equipment/Barriers

HAND HYGIENE

Why is frequent hand washing

important?
Hand

washing is the most important

procedure in the prevention and
minimisation of the spread of infection
within health care settings.
Health care Workers hands can
contaminate by doing simple tasks.

HANDWASHING
TECHNIQUE

YOUR 5 MOMENTS FOR HAND

HYGIENE

PERSONAL PROTECTIVE
EQUIPMENT
are

barriers or specialized clothing that

should be worn for protection against
infectious materials.

Wear Gloves
When handling blood and body substances
When handling non-intact skin
When handling mucous membranes
While suctioning a patient
While handling items or surfaces that have
come into contact with blood or body
substances
While performing invasive procedures, such as
venepuncture or a finger or heel stick
When handling contaminated sharps

Wear N95 Mask

For airborne cases
Wear surgical mask
For droplet cases
Wear Goggles/Face shield
E.g suctioning, intubation
Wear Gown
When contact of clothing/exposed skin
with blood o body secretions

Transmission-Based Precautions
are

infection control practices in

addition to Standard precautions that
must be used for patients suspected to
be infected with highly transmissible or
epidemiologically important pathogens

Transmission-Based Precautions
AIRBORNE PRECAUTION
Apply to all patients known or suspected to
have serious illness or infected with
microorganisms transmitted via airborne.
DROPLET PRECAUTION
Apply to all patients known or suspected to
have serious illness or infected with
microorganisms transmitted via droplet.
CONTACT PRECAUTION
Apply to all patients known or suspected with
infections transmitted through blood and other
body fluids.

Types of Isolation Signage Color

Reverse Isolation
Reverse

isolation, is used to protect a

patient whose resistance to infection is
severely lowered by a disease or
treatment. The air supply to the room is
filtered. All staff and visitors wear caps,
gowns, masks, and gloves.

Airborne Precaution: (requires negative air pressure room). If

no available AIIR, requires single room with own bathroom;
install Air cleaner.
Diseases transmitted through air. Remains in the air
for a longer
period of time (several days).

Droplet Precaution: (cohorting; maintain 3 ft. distance)

Diseases transmitted through droplets. Remain in the air for several
hours.

Blood and Body Fluids / Contact Precaution: (Isolation room not

required except for MDRO)
Diseases transmitted through contamination of blood and body fluids
from an infectious patients.

Reverse Isolation: (single / private room). Install Air cleaner

Patients with very low immune system.
WBC 1,000 below

Standard Precautions: (regular room)

Applies to ALL patients regardless of disease status.

Sharps Injury
Policy
All incidents pertaining to the sharps
injury and body fluid exposure shall be
reported to ICC office
HCWs must be provided with
prophylaxis, management and
counseling regarding exposure to
sharps, blood and body fluids.

Person Responsible
Infection
Injured

Control Committee Chairman

Healthcare Worker

Unit/Section
Infection

Head/Immediate Superior

Control Nurse

Employee

Physician

START
Report to
immediate
supervisor

Consult at
Employees Clinic/ER

Baseline
Reference

ye
s

non
e

Request for HbsAg,

Anti HBs, Anti HcV

Additional HIV
Test