R

Afghanistan Civil Aviation

Institute

Doppler
Very High Frequency Omnidirectional Range

Ahmad Sajjad Saf

CNS Instructor

Reference:
DVOR 432 Technical Manual

Introduction to DVOR
The DVOR is a radio navigation aid recommended by the
ICAO and introduced internationally for short and medium
range aircraft guidance.
The DVOR radio navigation equipment is a further
development of the conventional VOR.
Todays airway network is marked by a number of DVOR
ground beacons operating in the 108...118 MHz VHF
frequency range and having a transmission range of 300
km.

DVOR Airway Route

Aeronautical Map

DVOR Propagated Information

Using the VOR receiver installed in the aircraft the pilot is able to
obtain the following information from a DVOR radio navigation
installation:
- The azimuth indication of the aircrafts position relative to the ground
beacon, i.e. the angle between magnetic North and the direction ground
beacon to aircraft.
-The bearing which indicates whether the aircraft is flying to the left or
right of the preselected course (position line) or whether it is exactly on
it.
-The "from/to" indication which shows whether the aircraft is flying
toward the DVOR beacon or away from it.

DVOR Propagated Information

To evaluate the indications only a map is required, and the
knowledge of the DVOR positions and a DVOR frequency
chart.
The aircraft position is marked by the intersection of two
position lines in the cockpit DVOR indicator.

DVOR Propagated Information

When flying 30 vertical elevation over a DVOR a loss of signal
is experienced as the aircraft passes through the CONE OF
SILENCE.

Operational use of DVOR

DVOR located at or near an airport not only provides
bearing information for an approach to that airport, but also
provides en-route bearing information to aircraft overflying
or using the airway on which the DVOR is serving. A number
of DVORs are therefore placed along the airways to provide
continuous bearing information.

Principles of the DVOR

The principle on which the DVOR operates is based on the
measurement of the phase angle difference of two 30 Hz
signals radiated by the station at the same time.
One signal (reference signal) is radiated with the same
phase in all directions. For the second 30 Hz signal (variable
signal), the phase of signal is variable.
The electric phase angle measured in the airborne receiver
to identify the azimuth angle.
This bearing (azimuth) angle also known as RADIALS will be
displayed on DVOR indicator inside the cockpit.

Principles of the DVOR

Azimuth as a function
of the phase angle.

Principles of the DVOR

Reference Signal : the 30 Hz modulation which amplitudemodulates
(AM) the VHF carrier now acts as the reference signal. The modulated
carrier signal is transmitted Omni directionally by a center antenna. It
is amplitudemodulated with the voice (300...3000 Hz) and the
identity Morse code in addition to the 30 Hz reference signal.
Variable Signal: the 30 Hz modulation which frequencymodulated
(FM) 30 Hz modulation (variable signal) is contained in the 9960 Hz
subcarrier. The 9960 Hz subcarrier signal is transmitted directionally
by a sideband radiator antenna, which can be considered to be
rotating along a circular path. The radiated sideband frequency is
offset by +9960 Hz or 9960 Hz with respect to the carrier frequency.
ICAO stipulated 480 Hz signal in order to obtain the frequency
deviation.

Principles of the DVOR

Frequency spectrum of the DVOR radio beacon:

General Information of the DVOR

The main features of DVOR 432 is as follows:
Compliance with ICAO standards.
Available as single or dual equipment with power up to 50 W or
100 W.
Microprocessor controlled transmitter and monitoring system.
Modular design, extensive common use of subassemblies within
the Navaids.
Local LCD display and control panel for system status indication,
basic controls and measurement of data.
Standard PC used as local or remote interface (via RMMC)

Operational use of DVOR

The DVOR system can be combined with a DME, TACAN and
VORTAC.
These symbols denotes beacon installation on an
aeronautical chart.

Operational use of DVOR

The DVOR system can be combined with a to form a DVOR/DME
station. Then an aircraft can determine its position by referring
to the location of a single DVOR/DME station.

DME Antenna

Principles of the DVOR