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2- Ophthalmic artery:
- It passes into the orbit through the optic foramen.
- It supplies the structures of the orbit, frontal and
ethmoidal sinuses, frontal part of the scalp and dorsum
of the nose.
Vertebral Artery
- It arises from the 1st part of subclavian artery
and ascends through the foramina transversaria
of the upper 6 cervical vertebrae and enters the
cranial cavity through foramen magnum along
side the ventrolateral aspect of the medulla.
- Along its course, it gives rise to a number of
branches including the anterior and posterior
spinal arteries which supply the medulla and
spinal cord.
- Its largest branch is the posterior inferior
cerebellar artery which supplies the inferior
aspect of the cerebellum.
-The 2 vertebral arteries unite at the junction
between medulla and pons to form the basilar
artery which runs the length of the pons and
supplies it by pontine branches. At the junction
of pons and midbrain it divides into 2 pairs of
vessels, the superior cerebellar arteries and the
posterior cerebral arteries.
Circle of Willis
- It is an arterial anastomosis in the
interpeduncular fossa at the base of the
brain. This fossa is formed anteriorly by
optic chiasma. Posteriorly by the upper
border of the pons. Anterolaterally by
the 2 optic tracts. Posterolaterally by
the 2 cerebral peduncles.
- It is formed of:
Anterior cerebral; anterior
communicating; internal carotid;
posterior communicating and posterior
cerebral arteries.