HYDRAULIC SYSTEMS

PRINCIPLE OF WORKING
Governing law- Pascals Law
Force that is applied at one point is
transmitted to another point using an
incompressible fluid.

ADVANTAGES
Low weight
Low volume
Low initial cost
High reliability
Low maintenance
Flexible to install
Can withstand system overloads

COMPONENTS
Power generating device(Pump)
A reservoir
Filtering system
A distribution system pipes, valves, shutoff cocks
Pressure and temperature sensors
Heat exchanger
Actuators

HYDRAULIC FLUID
Hydraulic system liquids are used primarily
to transmit and distribute forces to various
units to be actuated. Liquids are able to do
this because they are almost
incompressible.
Types of Fluids:
Vegetable based
Mineral based

Hydraulic Reservoir

The reservoir is a tank in which an

adequate supply of fluid for the system is
stored. Fluid flows from the reservoir to the
pump, where it is forced through the
system and eventually returned to the
reservoir

Filters

A filter is a screening or straining device

used to clean the hydraulic fluid, preventing
foreign particles and contaminating
substances from remaining in the system.

Heat Exchanger
to cool the hydraulic fluid from the hydraulic
pumps.
located in the fuel tanks of the aircraft.
using aluminium finned tubes to transfer
heat from the fluid to the fuel.

Actuators
An actuating cylinder transforms energy in
the form of fluid pressure into mechanical
force, or action, to perform work.
It is used to impart powered linear motion
to some movable object or mechanism.
A typical actuating cylinder consists of a
cylinder housing, one or more pistons and
piston rods, and some seals.

TYPES
Open centre
Closed centre

Open Centre Hydraulic

Systems
An open centre system is one having fluid
flow, but no pressure in the system when
the actuating mechanisms are idle.
The pump circulates the fluid from the
reservoir, through the selector valves, and
back to the reservoir.
Control valves are arranged in series

Closed-Centre Hydraulic
Systems
In the closed-centre system, the fluid is
under pressure whenever the power pump
is operating.
The three actuators are arranged in parallel
and actuating units B and C are operating at
the same time, while actuating unit A is not
operating
Control valves are arranged in parallel.

THANK YOU