DESIGN OF CARDIAC RISK DETECTOR GLOVES

UG SCHOLARS
R.Monica Immaculate
E.Priyanka
M.Ramya

Dept. of Biomedical Engineering

ALPHA COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING

Thirumazhisai, Chennai- 600 124
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OVERVIEW

Abstract
Objective
Introduction
Literature review
Proposed method
Results
Conclusion
Future work
References

ABSTRACT
Electrocardiogram (ECG) is the recording of the electrical
activity of the heart. Received ECG signal can be analysed
and results are used to diagnose the cardiac risk factors.
Hence the ECG is the basic element to diagnose the cardiac
abnormality.
When there is any abnormality in the heart, there will be a
variation in the normal ECG waveform depending on the
variation in the PQRST wave of the ECG the cardiac risk
can
be detected.
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 In our project ECG waveform is obtained at the fingers using

ring electrodes. A glove is to be designed to hold the
electrodes and worn on the hand.
The ECG signal thus obtained is analyzed to detect the
cardiac risk factors like ventricular fibrillation, atrial
fibrillation, tachycardia and bradycardia.
The obtained signal is transmitted to the hospital in
emergency cases using GSM module. The received ECG
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signal
is displayed on the PC.

OBJECTIVE

The main objective of our project is to help senior citizens.

To design a cardiac risk detector gloves for detecting
various cardiac abnormalities.
To display the obtained ECG wave on the PC.
To send a message to the doctor using GSM.

INTRODUCTION

The Electrocardiogram (ECG) is the record of variation of

the bio potential signal of the human heartbeats.
Electrodes are placed on the users finger to detect the
bioelectric potentials given off by the heart that reach the
skins surface.
The ECG detection which shows the information of the
heart and cardiovascular condition is essential to enhance
the patient living quality and appropriate treatment. It is
valuable and an important tool in diagnosing the condition
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of the heart diseases.

LITERATURE
REVIEW

Sl. Author
N Name
o.

year

Title of the Paper

Methods

Sensitivity and
Disadvantages

P.D.Kha
ndait
4
N.G.
Bawane
S.S.Lim
aye

2011

Features Extraction
of ECG signal for
Detection of
Cardiac
Arrhythmias

Detection of
cardiac
arrhythmias
using wavelet
transform
technique

The accuracy is less.

Shahana 2012
z Ayub,
J.P.
Saini

ECG classification
and abnormality
detection using
cascade forward
neural network

This paper
The accuracy is 92%
describes the use
of MATLAB
based artificial
neural network
tools for ECG
analysis for
finding out
whether the
ECG is normal
or abnormal and
if it is abnormal.

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Sl. Author
N Name
o.

year

Title of the Paper

Methods

2012

Detection of QRS
complex in ECG
signal based on
classification
approach

QRS wave is The accuracy is less.

detected to
remove the
drift from
the ECG
signal by
using
continuous
wavelet
transform to
detect the
cardiac
diseases.

Development and
Evaluation of One
Arm Electrode
Based ECG
Measurement
System

ECG by
placing two
electrodes
and it is
attached to
the left arm
of the
patients
hands

sJalil

Bushr
a,
4
Lalign
ant
Olivier
,
Fauvet
Eric,
Beya
Ouadi

Manne 2013
Hannu
la,
H.Hink
ula,
J.Jauhi
ainen
demon
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strate

Sensitivity and Disad

vantages

More artifacts.

PROPOSED METHOD
ECG is detected using ring electrodes.
The abnormalities are detected.
GSM is used transmit the message.
The obtained wave is displayed on the PC.

CRACTERISTICS OF
NORMAL ECG SIGNAL
Amplitude
P wave: 0.25mV
R wave: 1.60 mV
Q wave: 25% of R wave
T wave: 0.1 to .5mV
Duration
P-R interval: 0.12 to 0.20 sec
Q- T interval: 0.35 to 0.44 sec
S- T segment: 0.05 to 0.15 sec
P wave interval: 0.11 sec
QRS interval: 0.09 sec

CARDIAC DISEASES
Ventricular Tachycardia
Ventricular Bradycardia
Ventricular fibrillation
Atrial fibrillation

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12

VENTRICULAR
TACHYCARDIA
Ventricular tachycardia is a type of
tachycardia, or a rapid heart beat that
arises

from

improper

electrical

activity of the heart presenting as a

rapid heart rhythm, that starts in the
bottom chambers of the heart, called
the ventricles
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13

VENTRICULAR
BRADYCARDIA
Ventricular bradycardia, is known as
ventricular escape rhythm.
Heart rate is less than 50 bpm. This is a
safety mechanism when there is lack of
electrical impulse or stimuli from the
atrium.

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14

VENTRICULAR
FIBRILLATION
Ventricular fibrillation is the
uncoordinated contraction of the heart
muscle
The contraction of the ventricular
muscle is also irregular and is
ineffective at pumping blood. The lack
of blood circulation leads to loss of
consciousness and death within minutes
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15

ATRIAL FIBRILLATION
Atrial fibrillation is the common
abnormal

hear

rhythm

leads

to

irregular conduction of ventricular

impulses that generate the heartbeat.
Formation of blood clot due to less
cardiac output.

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16

BLOCK DIAGRAM

DESCRIPTION OF THE
BLOCKS
Ring Electrodes
In this project a ring electrode is used to pick up the
ECG signal from the fingers.
Designed for ECG recording and made of durable
cable and stainless steel spring.
The adjustable rubber ring provides a snug fit and the
incorporated

strain

relief

prevents

excessive

stretching of the spring.

A gel is applied on the skin before placing the

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electrodes.

18

Instrumentation
amplifier
An instrumentation amplifier has
two input terminals and produces a
single ended output with respect to
the reference terminal.
The amplifier is designed for the
gain of 1200

 The electrodes which are placed on the fingers are

connected to the input terminals of the amplifier.
Thus a single ended output is produced which is
given to the notch filter.

Notch filter
A notch filter is actually a bad

stop or band reject filter.

It is used to eliminate or reject

a particular band of frequency.

50Hz is removed using this

filter.

Low pass filter

A low-pass filter allows signal
frequencies below the low cut-off
frequency
frequencies

to

pass

above

and
the

stops
cut-off

frequency.
It is used to remove the noise.
The cut off frequency is 120Hz.

Peak Detector
The peak detector is a circuit
that

"remembers"

the

peak

value of a signal.
The peak values are obtained so
that different amplitudes of the
ECG wave can be analyzed.

Microcontroller
The microcontroller used
in

our

project

is

PIC16F877.
The microcontroller is used
for programming.

GSM
GSM is global system for mobile communication.
GSM is used for sending the message in emergency
cases.

PC
The PC is used to display the obtained ECG wave.
Visual basic is the software which is used to display
the wave.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

THE FINAL OUPUT

CONCLUSION
Thus the ECG wave is obtained using ring electrodes.
A message is sent to the doctor in case of any
emergency.
The obtained ECG wave is displayed on the PC.

FUTURE WORK
In future this kit can be done in smaller size so that
it can fit near the wrist and can be worn with the
gloves.
In the current project GSM is used to send the
message to the doctor. GPS can also be included to
track the location of the patient.

REFERENCES

Lena Biel, Ola Pettersson, Lennart Philipson, and

Peter Wide demonstrated an idea ECG Analysis:
A New Approach in Human Identification 2011.
Manne Hannula, H.Hinkula, J.Jauhiainen
demonstrated an idea Development and
Evaluation of One Arm Electrode Based ECG
Measurement System2011.

N.G. Bawane, S.S. Limaye, P.D.Khandait demonstrated an idea

Features Extraction of ECG signal for Detection of Cardiac
Arrhythmias2012.
Bahareh Taji, Shervin Shirmohammadi, Voicu Groza, Izmail Batkin
demonstrated an idea Impact of Skin-Electrode Interface on
Electrocardiogram
Electrodes2013.
.

Measurements

Using

Conductive

Textile

 Shahanaz Ayub, J.P. Saini

demonstrated an idea

ECG classification and abnormality detection using

cascade forward neural network2014.