Historical Perspectives of

Ideology of Pakistan
Lecture #02
By:
Ali Imran
(FSP)

Table of Contents
Arrivals of Muslims In Sub-Continent (SC)
Impact of Islam
Sheikh Ahmed Sirhindi
Shah Waliullah
Syed Ahmed Bralivi
Ali Garah Movement (Sir Syed Ahmed Khan)
Tehrik-E-deoband
Anjman-e-Hamyt-UL-Islam Lahore
Conclusion

Arrivals of Muslim in Sub-continent

Muhammad Bin Qasim (712 A.D)
Mehmud OF Ghazni attacks on SC{(1000-1026 (17
times) also called idol-breaker)}
Muhammad Ghouri (1185-1192)
Dehli Saltanat (1192-1526) (40 Sultans ruled during this
time)
Mughal Empire (1526 started by Babur attack on Delhi
sultanate)

Impact of Islam In SC
Cultural Infulence
Religious influence
Hindu reaction
Hindu nationalist movements
Bhagti movement
Bhagt kabeer
Ramanada
Ramanaja
Baba guru nanak
Dadu
DIN-E-ILAHI (DIVIN FAITH)
1582 Jalal ul din Akbar started this din as the sake of Muslim and Hindu unity
and this lead as main cause of destruction of Mughal empire also

Imam Rabbani Hazart Mujdid Alf

Sani( Sheikh Ahmed Sirhindi)
Sheikh Ahmad was born on June 26, 1564 at Sirhind the Capital of Eastern
Punjab during Mughal rule.
a descendant of the second pious Caliph Hazrat Umar Ibn Al Khatab for which
he was also referred as Farooqi
He memorized the Holy Quran and then switched over to the study of Hadith,
Tafsir (commentary) and Maqual (philosophy).
he came into contact with the leading lights of Akbars court Abu-al-Fazl and
Faizi.

Religious and social services

1. Opposition of Din-i-Ilahi
2. Social Reforms
3. Reforms in Tasawaf(Spirituality)
4. Purgation of Muslim Society
5. Struggle Against Atheism
6. Reformation of Nobles
7. Emphasis on Islamic Values
8. Two Nation Theory
9. Wahdat-ul-Wajud and Wahdat-ul-Shahud
10.Struggle Against Jehangir's Policies

Death

He passed away on December 10, 1024 A.D. and was buried in Sirhind.

Shah Waliullah
Hazrat Shah Wali Ullah was born in a pious family of Delhi on 21st February,
1703, four years before the death of Aurangzeb
His real name was Qutub-ud-Din and later on came to be known as Wali Ullah
for his pious habits.
his early education in spiritualism and mysticism from his father.
He memorized the Holy Quran when he was seven years old
He received education in Tafsir, Hadis and acquired spiritual discipline from
his great father
He also studied metaphysics, logic and Ilm-ul-Kalam under his father
He studied Sharh-i-Waqaya and Hidaya and some portion of Usul-i-Fiqah.
He studied Mujizal Qanun of Hikmat and Sharh-i-Hidaya-i-Hikmat in the field
of medicine and Tib
He went to Arabia for higher studies and performing Haj in 1730
He came back from Saudi Arabia in 1734 after seeking variety of knowledge
in Hadis by Arabian ulmas.

Services
1. Religious
Islamic Practices
Jtehad
Jihad
Economy
Removal of Sectarianism
2. Political
Struggle against Anarchy
Steps to Check the Marhatas
Efforts for Muslim Unity
Two-Nation Theory:
3. Literacy Services
Translation of the Holy Quran
Hujjat-ullah-al-Baligha
Izalat-al-Khifa and Khilafat-al-Khulafa
Al Insaf fi Bayan Sbab al Ikhtilaf
Fuyuz-al-Haramain

Social Reforms by Shah

1.
He struggled to get rid of the Hindu concept about the marriage of the widows and told
Waliullah
the Muslims that it is the Sunnah of The Holy Prophet (PBUH)
2. He told the Muslims to avoid superstitions, charm wearing and other such practices.
3. He also struggled against the dowry and other such unnecessary expanses on the time
of marriage.
4. He tried to abolish mourning on death more than three days as it was against Islamic
teachings.
5. He advised the Muslims to work for lawful earning and to avoid (Usury) interest on
loan.
6. He also worked against the unjust distribution of wealth.
7. He preached simplicity.
8. He worked against the sectarianism and grouping.

Madrassa Rahimia

Madrassa Rahimia and other institutions founded by him, imparted education in the light
of his works.

Syed Ahmed Barailvi

He was born on October 24, 1786 in a respectable family of Rai Barily.
Founder of Mujahiden Movement
Syed Ahmed began his career as a Sawar in the service of Nawab Amir Khan, the ruler
of Tonk in 1810.
Syed Ahmed left the service when Amir Khan refused to fight after Tonk fell to the
British.
Tonk was declared as Dar-ul-harb by Shah Abdul Aziz in 1807 Syed joined them.
In 1818, Syed Ahmed wrote Sirat-i-Mustaqim. In this project his two distinguished
disciples, Shah Ismail Shaheed and Maulana Abdul Haye, assisted him
Beginning of Jihad Movement
In 1823, he started Jihad Movement.
Objectives of Jihad Movement
1. Establishment of Islamic Rule in the Sub-Continent and end of Sikh Rule.
2. Reformation of Muslim Society.
3. Restoration of Jihad.
4. Advice of Simple Ways of Living
5. End of Innovations in Islam
6. Struggle against the Conspiracies of Christian Missionaries.

Services
Jihad against Sikhs
Punjab was ruled by the Sikh ruler Ranjit Singh who was regarded as an autocratic and
tyrannical King.
The N.W.F.P. had also fallen to the Sikh domination and was included in the Sikh regime.
Syed Sahib reached Nowshera in December, 1826 and established his headquarter
Akora Fight
on 21st December 1826 (Sikh leaded by Gen. Budh Singh (Night assault done by 900 Muslims
and Succeeded)
Hazro Fight (1827)
Gorilla Activities (1827-1831)
Occupation of Peshawar
In 1931 and in Nov,1931 withdraw In favor of Sultan Muhammad Khan.
Balakot Fight and Martyrdom of Syed Ahmed (1930)
Causes of Failure
1. Lack of proper training of Mujahideen
2. Lack of funds and Equipment
3. Well equipped and large Sikh Army
4. Deceit of Pathan Chiefs
5. Local Controversies on Implementation of Tax after the Establishment of Khilafat
6. Sikh Conspiracies and Secret Opposition of The British
7. Lack of Leadership after the Martyrdom of Syed Ahmed and Shah Ismail

Aligarh Movement (Sir Syed Ahmed

Khan)

Objectives of Aligarh Movement

Aligarh Movement was established to fulfill the following targets:
1. To build confidence between the government and the Muslims.
2. To persuade the Muslims to acquire Modern knowledge and English language.
3. To hold back the Muslim from the politics. Educational Services
Educational Services of Aligarh Movement
School in Muradabad (1859)
School in Ghazi Purr(1862)
Scientific Society(1863 in Ghazi purr and shifted to Aligarh in 1976)
Establishment of M.A.O. School Aligarh(school in 1875 and upgraded to college in
1877)
Muhammadan
Conference(1886)
Literary
Services ofEducational
Sir Syed Ahmed
Khan
1. Prolific Writer
2. Khutabat-e-Ahmadia
3. Risala Tehzib-ul-lkhlaq
4. Asar-us-Sanadeed
5. Tabbain-ul-Kalam

Social And Economic

Services of Aligarh
Movement
1) Lost Glory
2)
3)
4)
5)

Risala-e-Asbabe-Baghawat-e-Hind
Loyal Muhammadans of India
Government Jobs for the Muslims
Orphanages

Political Services of Aligarh Movement

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.

Two Nation Theory

Quota in services
Advice to avoid politics
Urdu Hindi Controversy
Behavior towards Indian National Congress
Political Reforms

TEHRIK-I-DEOBAND
DAR-UL-ULOOM-I-DEOBAND
Haji Muhammad Abid floated the idea of the establishment of this Madrassah for imparting
religious education to the Muslims.
The activities of the Dar-ul-Uloom were not restricted to the sub-continent but it spread the
light of religious education to the other parts of the world as well.
The Dar-ul-Uluom at Deoband followed Madrassah-i-Rahimiya established by Shah Wall
Ullahs father, in the teaching of Hadith and other religious disciplines

Political Trends of Deoband

Deoband was influenced by the All India National Congress in its political trend.
Maulana Shabbir Ahmad Usmani who differed with Congress in political approach
The Madni group formed their political organization as Jamiat-ul-Ulema-i-Hind and supported
the political philosophy of the Congress and also opposed the partition of India.
Educational Aspect of the Deoband
The Dar-uI-Uloom-i-Deoband is regarded as a prestigious seat of Islamic learnings.
It imparts education in different disciplines which include education on Quran, Hadith,
Arabic, Islamic Jurisprudence, Philosophy and Islamic History.

ANJUMAN-I-HIMAYAT-IISLAM, LAHORE
The Anjumau-i-Himayat-i-lsiam was established on 24th September, 1884 in a mosque known
as Masjid Bakan Khan inside Mochi Gate, Lahore,
Khalifu Hameed-ud-Din laid down. the foundation of the Anjuman

Objectives of Anjuman

Following were the aims and objects of the Anjuman-i-Himayat-i-Islam:

1. Establishment of the educational institutions where modern
education could be given to the Muslims.
2. To effectively counter the propaganda of the Christian missionaries.
3. To look after the Muslim orphan children and to give them proper
education.
4. To establish the Muslims society on sound and stable foundations.
5. To strive for the social and cultural progress of the Muslims.
6. To organize the Muslim masses politically for the safeguard of Islam.

Conclusion
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Its delivered the main theme of topic
Help in revision as in shape of notes
In class we will discuss each point in detail and with
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INSHALLAH next lectures would be in this shape
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