CCL English 1

1. Can- cant

VOCABULARY
REVIEW

2. Verbs ing

1. Telling the time

3. Present continuous

2. Parts of the Body

(Subj+Verb to be+Verb ing)

3. Clothing vocabulary

4. Present Simple

4. Activities during a trip.

GRAMMAR

REVIEW

5. Frequency adverbs
6. Subject Pronouns
7. Possesive Pronouns
8. Question Words
9. Verbs PLAY, DO, GO
10. There is-There are +
a/an/any/some
11.Verbs LOVE, HATE, LIKE+ ing

1. Can cant
The modal auxiliarycanand the negative formscannot,can't
The auxialiary/modalcanhas the same form regardless the subject.
There is no-sin the 3rd person singular.
The auxialiary/modalcanis used with amain verbin itsinfinitive.
It can be used alone inshort answers.
There is no contracted form ofcanin affirmative sentences.
Affirmative sentences

Negative sentences

long form

contracted form

long form

contracted form

Icansing.

---

Icannotsing.

Ican'tsing.

Youcansing.

---

Youcannotsing.

Youcan'tsing.

Hecansing.

---

Hecannotsing.

Hecan'tsing.

Shecansing.

---

Shecannotsing.

Shecan'tsing.

Itcansing.

---

Itcannotsing.

Itcan'tsing.

Wecansing.

---

Wecannotsing.

Wecan'tsing.

Youcansing.

---

Youcannotsing.

Youcan'tsing.

Theycansing.

---

Theycannotsing.

Theycan'tsing.

2. Verbs + ing
1. What is theGerund?
-ing form used as a noun
2. Form
infinitive+-ing
3. Examples
Gerundas Subject:
Goingto parties is fun.
Gerundas Object:
I enjoyreading.
Some examples:
Walking
Playing
Having
Crying
Smiling
Eating
Trying

3. Present Continuous
Use:
1.1. actions happening at the moment of speaking
Peterisreadinga book now.
1.2. fixed plan in the near future
Wearegoingto Basel on Saturday.
1.3. temporary actions
Iamworkingin Rome this month.
1.4. actions happening around the moment of speaking (longer
actions)
My friendispreparingfor his exams.
1.5. trends
More and more peopleareusingtheir computers to listen to music.
1.6. repeated actions which are irritating to the speaker
(withalways,constantly,forever)
Andrewisalwayscominglate.
2. Signal words
now
at the moment
Look!
Listen!
3. Form
to be (am,are,is) +Infinitive+-ing

3. Present Continuous
AFFIRMATIVE- Long forms

Contracted forms

Iamplayingfootball.

I'mplayingfootball.

Youareplayingfootball.

You'replayingfootball.

Heisplayingfootball.

He'splayingfootball.

NEGATIVE - Long forms

Contracted forms

Iamnotplayingfootball.

I'mnotplayingfootball.

Youarenotplayingfootball.
Heisnotplayingfootball.

QUESTIONS - Long forms

You'renotplayingfootball.
Youaren'tplayingfootball.
He'snotplayingfootball.
Heisn'tplayingfootball.

Contracted forms

AmIplayingfootball?
Areyouplayingfootball?
Isheplayingfootball?

not possible

4. Present Simple
Use of theSimple Present
1.1. repeated actions
My friend oftendrawsnice posters.
1.2. things in general
The sunrisesin the east.
1.3. fixed arrangements, scheduled events
The planefiesto London every Monday.
1.4. sequence of actions in the present
First Igetup, then Ihavebreakfast.
1.5. instructions
Openyour books at page 34.
1.6. with special verbs
IunderstandEnglish.
2. Signal words
every day
often
always
sometimes
never
3. Form
infinitive(3rd person singularhe, she, it:infinitive+-s)

4. Present Simple
4. Examples

4.1. Affirmative sentences in theSimple Present

Long forms

Contracted forms

Ireadbooks.
Youreadbooks.

not possible

Hereadsbooks.

.2. Negative sentences in theSimple Present

ou must not negate a full verb in English. Always use the auxiliarydofor negations and theinfinitiveof the verb.

Long forms

Contracted forms

Idonotcleanthe room.

Idon'tcleanthe room.

Youdonotcleanthe room.

Youdon'tcleanthe room.

Hedoesnotcleanthe room.

Hedoesn'tcleanthe room.

4.3. Questions in theSimple Present

You need the auxiliarydo/doesand theinfinitiveof the verb.

Long forms

Contracted forms

DoIplayfootball?
Doyouplayfootball?
Doesheplayfootball?

not possible

5.

6.

7.

Possessive adjectives are used to show possession or ownership of

something. While we use them when we refer to people, it is more in the
sense of relationship than ownership.
The possessive adjectives in English are as follows:
Subject

Possessive
Adjective

I
You
He
She
It
We
You (pl)
They

My
Your
His
Her
Its
Our
Your
Their

The possessive adjective needs to agree with the possessor and not with the thing that is
possessed.
Examples
My car is very old.
Her boyfriend is very friendly.
Our dog is black.
Their homework is on the table.
Like all adjectives in English, they are always located directly in front of the noun they refer to.
(Possessive Adjective + Noun)
We do not include an S to the adjective when the noun is plural like in many other languages.
Examples:
Our cars are expensive. (Correct)
Ours cars are expensive. (Incorrect)

8.

HOW OLD?
Age
HOW MANY?
Quantity.

9.

SPORTS and LEISURE ACTIVITIES

When speaking about sports and leisure activities,
the verbs play, go and do are used as shown in the table below.

Verb

Explanation

PLAY

Badminton
Sports with teams, rules and competitions Basketball
or tournaments.Two people can play a game of Football
Golf
tennis.
You need a team to play football.
Rugby
Tennis ,etc

GO

DO

The name of the activity is the gerund

form of the verb (-ing)To camp go
camping
We often go camping in the summer.
To swim go swimming
Many children like to go swimming.

Sport/Activity

Camping
Dancing
Hiking
Horse-riding
Sailing
Swimming etc.

Aerobics
Athletics
All other recreational activities.All classes do
Gymnastics
gymnastics at school.
Judo
Sophie does yoga with a group of friends.
Karate
Yogaetc.

10.
Positive Sentences
We use there is for singular and there are for plural.
There is one table in the classroom.
There are three chairs in the classroom.
There is a spider in the bath.
There are many people at the bus stop.
Negative Form
The negative is formed by putting not after is or are:
There is not a horse in the field.
There are not eight children in the school.
There is not a tree in the garden.
There are not two elephants in the zoo.
The Negative contractions are:
There's not = There isn't
There are not = There aren't
Questions
To form a question we place is / are in front of there.
Again we use any with plural questions or those which use uncountable nouns.
We also use there is / are in short answers.
Is there a dog in the supermarket? - No, there isn't.
Are there any dogs in the park? - Yes, there are.
Is there a security guard in the shop? - Yes, there is.
Are there any polar bears in Antarctica? - No, there aren't.
Is there any ice-cream in the freezer? - Yes, there is.

11.

The verb "to like"

STATEMENTS
Use the verb "to like", when you talk about
things that you enjoy doing:
I like playing tennis.
You like going out to clubs.
He likes riding his bike.
We like going to the cinema.
They like watching TV.
As you see in the sentences above, you always
use the form of the verb like + the ing-form of
the following verb.
The verb like always requires the ingform when you talk about things you enjoy!
Instead of the verb like, you can also use the
following verbs:to enjoy - to love -to prefer

Note: They all require the ing-form:

He likes running.
He enjoys running.
He loves running.
He prefers running.
The opposite of "to like" is "to dislike". It also requires the ing-form of the
following verb:He likes running but he dislikes swimming.
Instead of the verb dislike, you can also use the following verbs:to hate:
They hate playing boardgames.
can't stand: She can't stand listening to country music.
can't bear: He can't bear being alone.
Of course, you can also negate the verb to like instead of using a different verb:
They don't like playing boardgames.
She doesn't like listening to country music.
He doesn't like being alone.

EXTRA MATERIAL
ENGLISH 1