Professional Documents
Culture Documents
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Constraints on Managers:
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Organizational
OrganizationalEnvironm
Environment
ent
MManagerial
anage rial
Discre
tion
Discretion
Organizational
OrganizationalCulture
Culture
External Environment
Organizational Culture
Strong Cultures
Are cultures in which key values are deeply held and
widely held.
Have a strong influence on organizational members.
Factors
Stories
Narratives of significant events or actions of
people that convey the spirit of the organization
Rituals
Repetitive sequences of activities that express
and reinforce the values of the organization
Material Symbols
Physical assets distinguishing the organization
Language
Acronyms and jargon of terms, phrases, and word
meanings specific to an organization
Implications:
Culture is a perception
Culture is shared
Culture is a descriptive term
Degree to which
employees are
encouraged to be
innovative and
to take risks
Attention to
Detail
Innovation and
Risk-taking
Outcome
Orientation
Organizational
Culture
Stability
Degree to which
organizational
decisions and actions
emphasize maintaining
the status quo
Degree to which
managers focus on results
or outcomes rather than
on how these outcomes
are achieved
Aggressiveness
Degree to which
employees are aggressive
and competitive rather
than cooperative
People
Orientation
Team
Orientation
Degree to which
management decisions
take into account the
effects on people in
the organization
Degree to which
work is organized
around teams rather
than individuals
Organization B
Subcultures
Organizations have dominant cultures and
subcultures
Subcultures are likely to be defined by
department designations and geographical
separation
Subcultures include the core values of the
dominant culture, plus additional values
unique to members of the subculture
Organizational Culture
Sources of Organizational Culture
Past practices of the organization
The organizations founder
Continuation of the Organizational Culture
Recruitment of employees who fit
Behaviour of top management
Socialization of new employees to help
them adapt to the culture
Top Management
Philosophy of
Organization's
Founders
Selection
Criteria
Organization's
Culture
Socialization
Stories
Rituals
Material Symbols
Language