Matter

IT S W H AT T H E W OR LD I S M A D E O F.

Objective:
At the end of the lesson, the
student should be able to identify
and understand the physical and
chemical properties of matter.

Physical Properties
Those that can be observed and measured
WITHOUT changing the substance into
another substance.
They describe the substance itself.

Physical Intensive
Properties
These properties are dependent on the
kind of matter regardless of its amount.
Examples: color, texture, density, boiling
point, melting point, solubility, metallic
properties (malleability and ductility)

Physical Intensive
Properties
Color
Texture how it feels:
slimy, rough, fuzzy
Density mass per unit
volume. It refers to the
compactness of molecules.

Physical Intensive
Properties
Boiling point is the
temperature at which
liquid starts changing
into the gaseous phase.
Melting point is the
temperature which
solid begins to melt.

Boiling Point of Some Liquids

Substance
Mercury
Water
Ethyl
Carbon tetrachloride
Chlorine

Boiling Point
357C
100C
78C
76.8C
33.6C

Melting Point of Some

Substances
Substance
Iron
Copper
Silver
Lead
Butter
Ice

Melting Point
1,535C
1,083C
960C
327C
32C
0

Physical Intensive
Properties
Malleability is the
capability of the
material to be
hammered into thin
sheets.
Ductility is the ability
of the material to be
drawn into wires.

Physical Extensive
Properties
These properties that depend on the
amount of matter.
Examples: mass, volume, length, area,
and height.

Physical Extensive
Properties
Volume the amount of
space occupied by an
object.
Length the measure of
the longest dimension of an
object
Area the size of a surface
Height a measurement of
how tall

Other Physical Properties

Hardness is a property related to a minerals
resistance to being scratched. There is an order
of hardness in matter determined by the Mohs
scale.

Other Physical Properties

Chemical Properties
These are properties that can only be identified when
one substance reacts with the other substance.
Chemical reaction Depending on what chemicals
will meet each other and will undergo chemical
changes, different outcomes will be formed.

Chemical Properties
Ability to change in odor
Ability to change in color
Ability to form gases
Ability to give off light and
heat

Chemical Properties
Ability to form
precipitate
Ability to change in
temperature or energy
Ability to change in
form

So, what?

How does understanding on

changes of the properties of matter
become beneficial?

So, what?
Lakes do not freeze completely, only a
layer at a top, and this helps preserve
animal and plant life in the body of
water.

Short quiz!
Which of the following is a
physical or a chemical
property?

Physical Property or Chemical

Property?
1. Corrosiveness (having the capability or tendency to cause corrosion)
2. Toxicity (the degree to which a substance (a toxin or poison) can harm humans
or animals)
3. Hardness
4. Ability to tarnish
5. Freezing point
6. Mass
7. Ability to give off light and heat
8. Ability to change color
9. Solubility
10.Density

Answers
1. Corrosiveness - CHEMICAL PROPERTY
2. Toxicity CHEMICAL PROPERTY
3. Hardness PHYSICAL PROPERTY
4. Ability to tarnish CHEMICAL PROPERTY
5. Freezing point PHYSICAL PROPERTY
6. Mass PHYSICAL PROPERTY
7. Ability to give off light and heat CHEMICAL PROPERTY
8. Ability to change color CHEMICAL PROPERTY
9. Solubility PHYSICAL PROPERTY
10.Density PHYSICAL PROPERTY