Cell Physiology

How do cells
FUNCTION (work)?
STERNGRR Processes
take place at the
cellular level!

Cell Transport
Photosynthesis
Cell Respiration

Cell Transport
Cell
Transport is
a
STERNGRR
process

Materials
move in/out of
cells through
the cell
membrane

The cell
membrane is
SELECTIVELY
PERMEABLE

Lets food in for

NUTRITION
Lets oxygen in for
RESPIRATION
Lets waste out for
EXCRETION

Phospholipid
bilayer

Membrane
protein

Diffusion Demo
BEFORE:
Dialysis bag is selectively permeable
Starch (large molecule) inside bag
Iodine (small molecule) in beaker
Diffusion Demo
AFTER:
Starch (large molecule) still inside bag;
did NOT diffuse out
Iodine (small molecule) diffused INTO
bag evidence is color change

Types of Cell Transport

Passive
Active
Cell
cell
Transport transport
Does NOT
Requires
require energy
energy
Movement
Movement
DOWN the AGAINST the
concentration concentration
gradient
gradient
High Low Low High

Diffusion
Diffusion is
a type of
Passive
Transport
Lets food in for
NUTRITION
Lets oxygen in for
RESPIRATION
Lets waste out for
EXCRETION

Movement of
molecules
from a high to
low
concentration

Example:
Oxygen is moved
from a high
concentration in the
lungs, to a low
concentration in the
blood

Molecules move
until they reach
EQUILIBRIUM:
An equal
concentration on
both sides of the
membrane

Osmosis
Osmosis is a
type of
diffusion
(a type of
passive
transport)

Movement of
WATER
molecules
from a high to
low
concentration

Example:
In salt water, there is
more WATER in the
cell than in the
surrounding
environment, so
water leaves the cells
and they shrivel

Molecules move
until they reach
EQUILIBRIUM:
An equal
concentration on
both sides of the
membrane

Cell Energy
Cell Energy
Processes
include:
Photosynthesis

Photosynthesis
is a
STERNGRR
process

Cellular
Respiration is
a STERNGRR
process

and
Cellular
Respiration
The two
processes
work
together
in a cycle!

Photosynthesis
Involves making FOOD (sugar/glucose) for nutrition
CO2 + H2O + sun C6H12O6 + O2
REACTANTS

PRODUCTS

Occurs in the CHLOROPLASTS of plant cells.

Uses the green pigment CHLOROPHYLL to capture light energy
Green light is reflected all other wavelengths of light are
absorbed by the plant.

Photosynthesis

What is going in and coming out of the plant?

ATP
The food made
in
photosynthesis
is used to
make energy
for cells!
Food is NOT
energy!
They are 2
different things!

Organisms
(including
plants) must
use this food
to produce
energy

Plants make
food for all
living
organisms
(sugar)

Adenosine

Energy is stored in a
chemical bond when
the bond is broken,
energy is released!

Energy

ATP is the
energy
molecule
for cells

Cellular Respiration
Involves using food made in photosynthesis for
respiration, to make ATP for energy.
C6H12O6 + O2
REACTANTS

CO2 + H2O + ATP

PRODUCTS

Occurs in the Mitochondria of ALL cells

Cellular Respiration
Cellular
respiration
can take
place
WITH

Aerobic
respiration
occurs when
oxygen is
present

Anaerobic
respiration
(fermentation)
takes place
when oxygen
is NOT present

Makes
a LOT
of ATP

Makes
a little
ATP

Or
WITHOUT
Oxygen!

In plants and
microorganisms:
Alcoholic
fermentation

In animals:
Lactic acid
fermentation