Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Group Members :
Bong Min Youn
Chai Hui Min
Lim Wei Na
Voon Mun Sze
WHAT
is
POLLUTION
???
Air
Pollutio
n
Land
Pollutio
n
Type of
Pollutio
n
Sound
Pollutio
n
Water
Pollutio
n
A. Air Pollution
The most prominent and dangerous form
of pollution.
occurs when gases, dust particles, fumes
(or smoke) or odour are introduced into
the atmosphere in a way that makes it
harmful to humans, animals and plant.
Anything additional gas, particles or
odours that are introduced into the air
(either by nature or human activity) to
destroy this natural balance.
Factors
Emissions from industries and
manufacturing activities
There are long tubes (chimneys)
erected high into the air, with lots of
smoke and fumes coming out from it.
Waste incinerators, manufacturing
industries and power plants emit high
levels of carbon monoxide, organic
compounds, and chemicals into the air.
Mining Operations
Operations, like mining and truck
traffic, are some of the top causes of
air pollution.
These activities release carbon
monoxide, sulfur dioxide and nitrous
oxide into the air which contribute to
development of smogand various
health problems.
Effects
Acidification
cause harm to vegetation and buildings.
When acid rain falls over an area, it can
kill trees and harm animals, fish, and
other wildlife.
When acid rain infiltrates into soils, it
changes the chemistry of the soil making
it unfit for many living things that rely on
soil as a habitat or for nutrition.
Eutrophication
Rain can carry and deposit the
Nitrogen in some pollutants on rivers
and soils.
This will affect the nutrients in the
soil and water bodies.
Algae growth in lakes and water
bodies, and make conditions for
other living organism harmful.
Shortterm
effects
Irritation to eyes,
Longterm
effects
Chronic
respiratory
disease, lung
cancer, heart
disease, damage
to brain, nerves,
liver and kidneys
and aggravate
medical
conditions in
elderly.
Ways to Solve
Save energy around the house.
Saving energy can reduce carbon
emissions.
Most energy sources require burning
fossil fuels.
Set the appliances and lights on
timer to turn off after a certain period
of inactivity.
Use compact fluorescent bulbs
instead of standard lightbulbs.
Praticing carpooling
Encourage family and
freinds to use the bus,
train or bike when
commuting.
There will be less cars
on road and less fumes
if we practicing
carpooling.
Buy smart
Buy the environment products
including enegy efficient lighting and
appliances.
Choose efficient, low-polluting
models of vehicles.
Buy rechargeable batteries for
devices used frequently.
B. Water Pollution
is the contamination of water
bodies(lakes, rivers, oceans, aquifers
and groundwater), very often by
human activities.
occurs when pollutants (particles,
chemicals or substances that make
water contaminated) are discharged
directly or indirectly into water
bodies without enough treatment to
get rid of harmful compounds.
Factors
Sewage from
domestichouseholds, factories
and commercial buildings.
Sewage that is treated inwater
treatment plants is often disposed
into the sea.
Sewage can be more problematic
when people flush chemicals
andpharmaceutical substances
Dumping solid
wastes and littering
by humans in rivers,
lakes and oceans.
Littering items include
cardboard, aluminum,
plastic and glass.
These items will cause
water pollution.
Effects
Sewage, fertilizer, and agricultural runoff contain organic materials that when
discharged into waters will increase the
growth of algae, which causes the
depletion of oxygen.
The low oxygen levels are not able to
support most indigenous organisms in
the area and therefore upset the natural
ecological balance in rivers and lakes.
Ways to solve
Stop polluting water ways.
This can start by building awareness
of the various ways the water is
being significantly polluted.
Solving water pollution would require
the problem to be addressed on the
individual level and then also at the
state or federal level with stronger
regulation of corporations.
C. Noise Pollution
Noise is generally used as an
unwanted sound, or sound which
produces unpleasant effects and
discomfort on the ears.
Not all noise can be called noise
pollution.
If it does not happen reqularly, it only
can be termed as Nuisance.
Humans and animals are affected by
noise pollution.
Factors
Household Sources
Examples: food mixer, grinder, vacuum
cleaner, washing machine, hair dryer,
cooler and air conditioner.
Loud speakers of sound systems and
television, and ipods from neighbours
or family.
Neighbours dog barking all night at
every shadow it sees.
Social Events
Places of workship, discos and gigs,
parties and other sosial events that
can create a lot of noise.
In the markets, many people sell
goods with loud speakers or shout
out offers to get customers.
Transportation
Aeroplanes flying over houses and
houses close to the airport.
There are trains, LRT ,vehicles that
cause noise pollution.
Effects
Hearing
Impairment of hearing.
Prolonged exposure to impulsive
noise to a person will damage their
eardrum, which may
result in a permanent hearing.
Ways To Solve
Construction of soundproof
rooms
Encourage construction of
soundproof rooms for noisy machines
in industrial and manufacturing
installations.
At home, noisy machines should be
installed far from sleeping and living
rooms, like in a basement or garage.
D. Land Pollution
Deterioration (destruction) of the
earths land surfaces, often directly or
indirectly as a result of mans activities
and their misuse of land resources.
It occurs when waste is not disposed off
properly, or can occur when humans
throw chemicals unto the soil in the
form of pesticides, insecticides and
fertilizers during agricultural practices.
Factors
Agricultural sources
These include waste matter
produced by crop, animal manure,
and farm residues.
They also include the chemical left
over of all pesticides, fertilisers and
insecticides used for agricultural
activities.
Ashes
When waste is burned in incinerators,
two types of ashes are produced.
Bottom ash is the debris from burnt
metal and glass waste. Bottom ash
are not bio-degradable.
Fly ash is the ash that is trapped by
filters in the chimney of the
incinerators. It is know to be very
toxic (poisonous).
Garbage or waste
These include household or municipal
waste such as glass, metal, cloth,
plastic, wood, paper, and so on.
Some of these can decay and others
cannot.
They are usually collected and sent to
landfills where the pollution action
begins.
Deforestation
This is when trees are cut down for
economic purposes, mining, farming
and construction.
Cutting down trees mean that the
land is exposed to direct sunlight and
rain, resulting in soil erosions,
desertification and land degradation.
Effects
Health problem
o Cause problems in the human
respiratory system.
o Cause problems on the skin.
o Cause various kinds of cancers.
Environmental Problems
o Very bad smell and odour in the
town.
o Landfills breed rodents like rats, mice
and insects, who in-turn transmit
diseases.
o Landfills in towns do not attract
tourists to the town. The town will
loose revenue.
Ways to Solve
Organise Campaign reduce,
recycle and reuse.
Make people aware about the
concept of Reduce, Recycle and
Reuse.
Encourage the usage of recycle bag
instead of plastic bags.
References
http://www.conserve-energy-future.com/
causes-effects-solutions-of-land-pollu
tion.php
http://
www.conserve-energy-future.com/Pollu
tionTypes.php
http://
eschooltoday.com/pollution/air-pollution
/causes-of-air-pollution.html
http://
http://www.gogreenacademy.com/cau
ses-and-effects-of-water-pollutio
n/
http://www.water-pollution.org.uk/
preventingyou.html
http://life.gaiam.com/article/3-way
s-help-reduce-water-pollution
http://
www.conserve-energy-future.com/c
ategory/pollution