BIODIVERSITY OF

ROMANIA

Biodiversity refers to the variety of genes,

species and ecosystems that constitute
life on earth.

Our country is famous for its diversity of

flora and fauna, with 23 species of plants
and 18 species of animals which are
nationally and internationally protected.

poor planning,
unprofitable occupation of the soil,
industrial pollution
mass tourism and
intensive farming methods

The need to preserve biodiversity is a duty of all of

us as human communities can not live and can not
grow
outside
and
independent
of
natural
ecosystems. Saving nature is saving the human
race.
In order to better protect plant and animal rare and
endangered species, our country had established
827 protected areas. The most important and
popular ones are: the Danube Delta, Macin
Mountains, Piatra Craiului Mountains and its
reservation, Prejmer eutrophic forests and
swamps.

The Danube Delta

is the least affected delta
area in Europe. Delta
vegetation - reeds, bulrush,
sedge and willow - occupies
78% of the total area, the
rest being covered by
forests of willow, ash, alder
and poplar. Ponds are
covered by a floating
aquatic vegetation.

White lily
Tendrils

Yellow lily
Sand bindweed

The
The
The
The

Pelican
Spotted Eagle
Imperial Eagle
Great Bustard

The
The
The
The
The
The
The
The

otter
muskrat
boar
ermine
raccoon dog
fox
wildcat
European mink

Protection and conservation of delta

biodiversity is realized by:
-consultation activities, public awareness and
information campaigns realizing the species and
community interest habitats guide
-restoring wetlands by restoring woodland and
wetland lost conditions
-temporary ban and/or local collection and capture
of certain species
-encouraging the cultivation and growth in captivity
of wild flora and fauna species of economic interest
in order to reduce pressure on natural populations.

Macin Mountains
National Park
Located in Tulcea County,
between the Danube Delta
and the Black Sea.
It is a complex natural
habitat, where unique
species of plants and
animals live. It is
constantly monitored by
researchers and it includes:

The Crown

The Dobrogea bell

The Macin peonies

The Silene nutans

The Dobrogea
Turtle

The Short-legged
Hawk

Reptiles: the Dobrogea

turtle, the Dobrogea
lizard, the Striped sand
Lizard.

Birds of prey: the Short

-egged Hawk, the
Sparrow Hawk, the
Common Buzzard, the
Long-legged Buzzard

The Jackal

Among mammalian
species, micro
mammals and bats
have a scientific
The Stone marten
importance. The
wildcat, the polecat, the
stone marten and the
jackal are protected.

In order to create scientifically protected natural

reservations, the state achieves redemption campaigns of
the private land in the area where rare species of plants and
animals live
The maintenance and the promotion of human activities
Support for the use of best practices in agriculture
Conversion of land for the production of BIO products
Practice of ecological tourism, leading to the emergence of
significant economic opportunities, such as the increased
sales of natural products (curd, honey, wine) following the
process of their labeling .

Piatra Craiului National

Park

It is a protected area
established in 1990, with
the status of a national
park.
Since 1999, there is also
an administration of the
park that has as main
objectives the preservation
of
biodiversity,
the
promotion of traditional
customs
and
local
communitys way of life
and tourism stimulation

Piatra Craiului
Carnation (Dianthus
callizonus), endemic
species, unique in the
world
The Cross of the brave
(Hepatica transsilvanica)
Yellow poppy (Papaver
pyrenaicum)
Edelweiss
(Leontopodium alpinum)
The Blood of the brave
(Nigritella rubra, N. nigra)

Piatra Craiului Carnation

The Cross of the brave

The Blood of the brave

Yellow poppy

Edelweiss

green patrols were established in order to raise

awareness and empower the tourists using vehicles in
the protected areas, making fire for barbecue and
polluting the air with their waste
promoting and encouraging the tourism, the visit of
the park without jeopardizing biodiversity

Prejmer reservation, woods and eutrophic swamps

are located in the area of Prejmer village, in the
Barsa plains, in the western part of the Brasov
hollow.
This is a complex botanical environment that hosts a
forest and a swamp, where species of rare flora and
fauna, considered to be natural monuments, are
being preserved.

Prejmer swamp is the

refuge of many rarities.
Among glacial relics
preserved in the swamp we
can notice:

Barsa county Jimla

Skys Dew

Striped tulip and EuroCaucasian species of

marshy meadows.

Primula farinosa is a
central Asian species
which is found in our
country only in Harman
swamp and in Prejmer
reservation, woods and
eutrophic swamps

restore forest composition and vertical structure with

alder and ash

assist natural regeneration by mobilizing soil, planting

complementary to regeneration after the first year

ecological restoration by warping sections of drains

drainage and protecting springs against warping

reducing human impact through measures of reducing

grazing, stubble firing and disorganized tourism

CONCLUSIONS:
We must educate peoples ecological consciousness. The respect of
nature, of the environment in which we live our everyday life, must
come from each and one of us. Or, maybe, seeing more often the
revenge of the nature, we should start acting, respecting the decisions
made regarding the environmental protection and biodiversity
conservation.

In order to build pupils ecological awareness, teachers should make it

a priority since early ages. Teaching children to protect nature, is
teaching them to defend life.

Human remains the only one who can protect the living world and
must learn how to do it!