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APA, 6TH EDITION

BASIC CITATION RULES

GROUP 1
Kean Cheina Calderon
Kean Mae Ballener
Feilart Dave Ferraris
Dyessa Rose Neolpis
Ma. Patrisha Bermudo

Follow the author-(latest) year of


publication method. Although not
required, APA encourages you to
indicate the page numbers even in
paraphrases or summaries. Place the
period after the citation when it is at
the end of the sentence.

According to Sipacio (2014), APA style is


required for business student majors.
APA style is applied in the social references.
(Sipacio, 2014)

For a work with only one author

1.
2.

According to Sipacio (2014), APA style is


required for business student majors.
APA style is required for business student
majors (2014)

For two authors, notice in the example the use


of & when the citation are inside the
parenthesis.

1.

2.

According to Sipacio and Barrot (2014), APA


style is required for business student
majors.
APA style is required for Business student
majors (Sipacio & Barrot, 2014)

For three to five authors, name all three during the


first citation. Then use the primary author
followed by et al. (which means and authors)
for subsequent citations.
First Citation
1. According to Sipacio, Barrot, and Sanchez
(2014), the APA style is appropriate for the fields
of nursing and education.
2. The APA style is appropriate for the fields of
nursing and education (Sipacio, Barrot, and
Sanchez, 2014)

Subsequent Citation:
1. Sipacio et al. states that in general, the
social sciences employ this citation style
(2014).
2. In general, the social sciences employ this
citation style (Sipacio et al., 2014)

Direct Quotations
When you see a direct quote with less than 40
words, you are required to include the page
number(s) enclosed in parenthesis. The
page number must be preceded by p. or
pp. for multiple pages. Check the
examples focusing on the variety of formats
and the use of capitalization, parentheses,
quotation marks, period, spacing, and
numbers.

1.

Sipacio (2014) claimed that beginners


found the APA style too complex (p. 56)

2.

According to Sipacio (2014) beginners


found the APA style guide too complex (p.
56)

3.

He claimed that beginners found the APA


style guide too complex (Sipacio, 2014, p.
56) because of several factors.

When you see a direct quote with 40 words or


more, you are still required to include the
page number/s. Start your quotation in a new
line with a indentation on the left margin.
There is no need to enclose long quotations
in quotation marks, but the parenthetical
citation should be placed after the period.

Example; focus on the spacing and


placement of the citation.
In his article Poverty in the Philippines: Income, Assets, and
Access, Scheliz (2005) suggests a list of causes of poverty.
(1) low to moderate economic growth for the past 40 years;
(2) low growth elasticity of poverty reduction; (3) weakness in
employment generation and the quality of jobs generated;
(4) failure to fully develop the agriculture sector; (5) high
inflation during crisis periods; (6) high levels of population
growth; (7) high and persistent levels of inequality (income
and assets), which dampen the positive impacts of economic
expansion; and, (8) recurrent shocks and exposure to risks
such as economic crisis, natural disasters, and
environmental poverty. (p.2)

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