Group members

Haleema Sadia
Javeria Mehmood
Rosheen Sadiq Ali
Khizra Tariq
Sundus Ashraf
Amna Khaleel
Areeba Shahbaz(G.L)
Mahnoor
Rimsha

Plants-Form and Function

Unit 2: Plant Life

Haleema Sadia

Classification of Plants

Plants can be grouped into four categories due to different

heights, type of stems and branching patterns.
Trees
Plants that are tall, with thick, hard and brown stems.
Their stem spread above the ground.
Example
Guava, Neem and Mango tree.

Cont.

Shrubs
Plants with hard stems which branch near surface of soil.
Example
Lemon and rose
Herbs
Plants with soft green stems.
Short in height and have no branches.
Example
Basil and Coriander.

Mahnoor

Cont.
Creepers
Plants with week stems that cant stand upright and
spread on the ground.
Climbers
Plants that take support on neighboring structures
and climb up.
Example
Bougainvillea and pea.

Khizra Tariq

Structure of Plants
A plant can be divided into two parts or systems:

Root system

Shoot system

Root system
It is a part of a plant that grows below the soil and holds the
plant straight and upright.
It grows away from sunlight and towards the ground
It is not green.

Functions of Roots

The roots anchor and give support to plant.

They absorb water and minerals for growth of plants.
They prevent soil erosion by water or wind.
They can store food e.g. radish, turnip, sweet potato and carrot.
They can give additional support to plants and rises like ropes from branches and grow
towards soil and is known as prop roots. For example; Banyan tree and sugar cane.

Sundus Ashraf

Cont.
Shoot system
The part of plant that grows above the ground is shoot system.
It consists of:

Stem

Branches

Leaves

Flowers

Fruits

Amna khalil

Stem

The part of a plant that bears:

Flowers

Leaves

Fruits

It is the link between root and the rest of the plant.

Functions of stem

Stem bears the leaves, flowers and fruits of a plant and holds them upright.
It transport water and minerals from roots to leaves and food from leaves to all parts.
Stems can store food as starch and are underground like in onion, ginger and potato.
In xerophytes, stems become green and succulent to perform photosynthesis. For
example; cactus.

Areeba Shahbaz

Photosynthesis

Rosheen Sadiq Ali

Respiration in plants

Stomata

These are tiny openings.

They are present on the lower surface of leaves.

Oxygen, carbon dioxide and water vapor diffuse in and out through stomata.

Ramsha

Photosynthesis and Respiration

Photosynthesis

Respiration

It helps in producing food.

Food is consumed in it.

In photosynthesis, energy is stored in cells.

In respiration, energy is released.

Carbon dioxide is consumed here while

oxygen is released.

Carbon dioxide is produced here while

oxygen is consumed.

It is light-dependent process.

It is light-independent process.

Javeria Mehmood

Flower

Any Question?

Thank You!