Professional Documents
Culture Documents
REPORT
Submitted By:
ANKIT
14162005
Mechanical 3rd Year
Submitted to:
Mr. Rajender Sir
Asst. Professor
GJUS&T,Hisar
INTRODUCTION
PROJECT LOCATIONS
Installed Capacity
Gujarat
25.2MW
Karnataka
110MW
Maharashtra
360MW
Rajasthan
240MW
Madhya Pradesh
210MW
Andhra Pradesh
Telangana
60MW
60MW
Wind Power
Solar Power
WIND ENERGY
Wind Energy describes the process by which wind is used to generate electricity. Wind
turbines convert kinetic energy in the wind into mechanical power. Wind turbines convert the
energy in wind to electricity propeller like blades around a rotor. The rotor turns the drive
shaft, which turns an electric generator. A generator can convert mechanical power into
electricity.
Three factors affect amount of energy of a turbine can harness from wind:
WIND SPEED
AIR DENSITY
SWEPT AREA
Equation for Wind Power
P=1/2AV
Wind Turbine
Wind energy is created when the atmosphere is heated unevenly
by the Sun, some patches of air become warmer than others.
These warm patches of air rise, other air rushes in to replace them
thus, wind blows.
A wind turbine extracts energy from moving air by slowing the
wind down, and transferring this energy into a spinning shaft,
which usually turns a generator to produce electricity. The power
in the wind thats available for harvest depends on both the wind
speed and the area thats swept by the turbine blades.
Vertical
Axis
Turbine
Horizontal
axis
Turbine
Blades and rotor: Converts the wind power to a rotational mechanical power.
Generator: Converts the rotational mechanical power to electrical power.
Gear box: Wind turbines rotate typically between 40 rpm and 400 rpm. Generators
typically rotates at 1,200 to 1,800 rpm. Most wind turbines require a
step-up gear-box for efficient generator operation (electricity production).
Rotor
Rotor
The portion of the wind turbine that collects energy from the wind is called the rotor. The
rotor usually consists of two or more wooden, fiberglass or metal blades (new design) which
rotate about an axis (horizontal or vertical) at a rate determined by the wind speed and the
shape of the blades. The blades are attached to the hub, which in turn is attached to the
main shaft.
Wind turbines with rotors (turbine blades and hub) that are about 8 feet in diameter (50 square
feet of swept area) may peak at about 1,000 watts (1 kilowatt; kW), and generate about 75
kilowatt-hours (kWh) per month with a 10 mph average wind speed. Turbines smaller than this
may be appropriate for sailboats, cabins, or other applications that require only a small amount
of electricity. [Small Wind]
For wind turbine farms, its reasonable to use turbines with rotors up to 56 feet in diameter
(2,500 square feet of swept area). These turbines may peak at about 90,000 watts (90 kW), and
generate 3,000 to 5,000 kWh per month at a 10 mph average wind speed, enough to supply 200
homes with electricity.
Homes typically use 500-1,500 kilowatt-hours of electricity per month. Depending upon the
average wind speed in the area this will require a wind turbine rated in the range 5-15
kilowatts, which translates into a rotor diameter of 14 to 26 feet.
$27,900
$9,200
$1,000
Total Cost:
$38,100
Clicker Question
1 - What causes wind?
A. Air pressure
B. Weight of the atmosphere
C. Pressure difference
D.Low pressure
E. High pressure
Clicker Question
2 - What are the units of pressure?
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
Force/Area
Pascals (Pa)
Pounds per square inch (psi)
Millirads
B and C
Clicker Question
3 - Wind power is linearly proportional to
which one of the following term?
Wind Speed
B. (Wind Speed)2
C. (Wind Speed)3
D. (Wind Speed)4
A.
16
Clicker Question
4 - Why do turbine blades have a twisted
shape?
A. Looks cool
B. More aerodynamic
C. Easy to remove from the mold
D. Less weight near the tip of the blade.
E. Keep angle of attack same along the blade
SOLAR POWER
2101
1684
Solar Capcity (MW)
860.4
41.0%
Rajasthan
656.15
31.2%
Maharashtra
Madhya
Pradesh
Andhra
Pradesh
Uttar Pradesh
207.25
9.9%
3
2008-09
2009-10
2010-11
1.3%
Jharkhand
16
0.8%
Karnataka
24
1.1%
15.5
0.7%
9.325
0.4%
7.8
0.4%
West Bengal
7.05
0.3%
A & N Island
5.1
0.2%
Uttarakhand
5.05
0.2%
Chhattisgarh
0.3%
Delhi
2.6
0.1%
Lakshadweep
0.8
0.0%
Haryana
2011-12
2012-13
2013-14
3.3%
28.18
Punjab
36
68.9
7.7%
0.8%
Orissa
11
162.315
17.375
Tamil Nadu
936
MWp
For consumers, it
THE END