Professional Documents
Culture Documents
SECOND LANGUAGE
ACQUISITION
By:
Muslikan
What is SLA?
The study of individuals
and groups who are
learning additional/
(subsequent) languages
SLA
The process of learning
additional (subsequent)
languages
Acquisition
Learning
Subconscious
process
Conscious
process
More in informal
setting
Formal setting
It runs naturally
It runs
unnaturally
Acquisition
It is used to refer to the gradual development of ability in a
language by using it naturally (subconsciously) in communicative
situations with others who know the language.
Learning
It applies to a more conscious process of accumulating
Formal
L2 Learning
Japanese
Picks up
English
In the playground
moves to
American
Learns
French
at
Classrooms
Mixed
L2 Learning
A mixture of
both settings
American
Learns &
Speaks
Chinese
in
A Foreign
Language
Official/
Not widely
For
No immediate /
dominant
education /
employment /
other basic
purposes
Acquired by
minority group
members /
immigrants who
speak another
native language
used immediately
A Library
Language
For further
learning
through reading
travel / cross
cultural
communication /
curricular
requirement or
elective in schools
Used
immediately
For official
necessary
practical
application
For future
An Auxiliary
Language
functions in
political
settings / wider
communication
When printed
materials are
not published in
the learners
native language
First
language is used
in daily lives
A First Language is
First language
Native language
Mother tongue
Primary language
3. first language
4. foreign language
Active learning
1. List all of the languages that you can use. First classify them as
L1(s) and L2(s), and then further classify the L2(s) as second,
foreign, library, auxiliary, or for special purposes. Finally,
distinguish between the ways you learned each of the languages:
through informal exposure, formal instruction, or some combination
of these.
2. Do you think that you are (or would be) a good or a poor L2
learner? Why do you think so? Consider whether you believe that
your own relative level of success as a language learner is due
primarily to linguistic, psychological, or social factors (social may
include type of instruction, contexts of learning, or attitudes toward
the L1 and L2).,