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CONGENITAL
ANOMALY
Congenital
migrational disorders
lissencephaly
pachygyria
schizeocephaly
heterotopic gray matter
polymicrogyria
holoprosencephaly
anomalies of the corpus callosum
hydranencephaly
Dandy-Walker malformations
Chiari malformations
Cephaloceles
Neurocutaneous syndromes
Vein of Galen malformation
Aqueductal stenosis
hydranenc
lissencephaly
Polymicrogyria
The
Polymicrogyria/pachygyria
cerebellar hypoplasia.
Lobar Holoprosencephaly
CC: Delayed motor development.
Aqueductal Stenosis
schizeocephaly
Heterotopias
Migration of the neuroblasts from the periventricular region
to the pia usually happens during 7th to 16th week
gestation.
Damage to the radial glial fibers which direct migration is
thought to disrupt this process.
Heterotopia is disorganized brain tissue, usually gray
matter, in the wrong location.
Two types: Nodular and Band
Nodular: periventricular or subcortical, Signal same as gray
matter, no enhancement
Band: close to cortex, sx: developmental delay, seizures,
double cortex sign--thin interface of white matter
between band and cortex
Clinical
polymicrogyria
Holoprosencephaly
Holoprosencephaly
(HPE) is a structural
anomaly of the brain in which the
developing forebrain fails to divide into
two separate hemispheres and ventricles.
The forebrain (prosencephalon)
incompletely cleaves into right and left
hemispheres, and into the olfactory and
optic bulbs and tracts