yudho.hartono@pmbs.ac.

id

Introduction to Leisure:
Demand for Leisure, Leisure Participation and Leisure Behavior

Defining Leisure
Leisure is not work
The complete antithesis of work
Origin term of Leisure is Licere
which means to be permitted or to
be free.

Defining Leisure
Leisure is a contentious term with a
variety of meanings....
Leisure might be regarded as time free
from obligations, as a collection of
specific activities (embracing sport,
recreation, tourism, arts and
entertainment) or simply as a state of
mind, it could be defined as whatever
people perceive it to be.

Reasons for studying leisure

Elements of leisure
to consider in definitions
Freedom from constraints

Opportunity to choose

LEISURE

Time Left over after work

Opposite of work

Relationship between Leisure,

Recreation, and Tourism

The Leisure Spectrum

Home-based
Leisure

Leisure Context/
Leisure environment

The Social Setting of Leisure

Ten Types of Leisure--- In Home and

Out Home

Approaches
1. A Time Based Approaches
it is not necessarily the amount of time, but quality of the
time and how it is spent that are important (the meaning
and values attached to the time)

2. Activity Based Approaches

Leisure is implicitly about the opportunity to pursue an
activity, typically on a daily basis, selected by free will.
Among such activities are those associated with:
a. Rest (watching TV or reading a book)
b. Amusement (watching a comedy)
c. Education (undertaking adult education)
d. Participation (in sporting activities)

Approaches
3. Attitude Based Approaches
leisure is a complex, spiritual concept based on the motivation of
the participant. In other words, leisure is more an attitude of mind
or state of being where the individual gives meaning to chosen
activities or place

4. Quality Based Approaches

focuses on individual and how they regard an activity and whether
they perceive it as leisure or not. This approach emphasis the
quality of the free time and the opportunity this quality time offers
the recuperation from the stresses of everyday life

Influences upon leisure choices and

participation

The Decision Process in Outdoor

Recreation

Motivation of Leisure

Model of Leisure Needs

Leisure Needs
Tilman (1974)
Leisure Needs include the
pursuit of:
-New Experiences
-Relaxation, Escape and
Fantasy
- Fantasy Identity
- Security
- Dominance (over ones
environment)
- Social interaction
- Mental Activity
- Creativity
- Need to be needed
- Physical Activity and Fitness

Bradshaw (1972)
Need
-Normative need
-Felt need
- Expressed need
- Comparative Need

Mercer (1973)
Need
- Normative
- Felt
- Expressed
- Comparative
- Created
- Changing
- False

Iso Aholas
Model of
Causality of
Leisure
Behavior

The Relationship between Seasonality

and Leisure Participation