Transmission Line Parameters: Review

on Inductance and Example Problems

Inductance Calculations
Last time we derived the formulas for
approximating the inductance of transmission
line.
The formula are dependent on whether or not:
The conductors are solid or stranded
The conductors are bundled or not
The conductors are symmetrical space or
asymmetrical spaced.

Example Problems
Find inductive reactance per phase in ohms per
km

Solid conductor, symmetric spacing

Bundled solid conductor, symmetric spacing
Bundled solid conductor, asymmetric spacing
Stranded conductor, symmetrical spacing
Bundled stranded conductor, symmetric spacing

Problem Solving Hints

The basic equation used to find inductance is
We need to determine what value to put in the
numerator and the denominator
Solution approach is to classify the problem
based on conductor and transmission line
characteristics
Then compute using the correct formula

Problem Solving Hints

Symmetric spacing
D is used as GMD (Deq)

Bundled
Ds must be used (calculated)

Solid : usually mentioned in single

dimension(diameter/radius)
Used r as Ds

Asymmetric spacing
GMD (Deq) must be calculated

Not bundled
Used Ds =r

Stranded
Ds must be calculated

Example 1
Solid, single conductor with a radius of 1cm
Transmission line is operate at 50Hz
Find the inductive reactance
per km.
m

Solid conductor, symmetric spacing

Approach
Determine proper equation to
calculate per phase inductance per
phase inductance per km
multiply inductance by frequency in radians to
find inductive reactance
m

Solid conductor, symmetric spacing

1) Calculate r
r = 0.7788 X r = 0.7788 cm
2) Find D
GMD = 3(20)(20)(20) = D = 20 m
3) Calculate inductance
L= 2 X10-7 [ln D/r] = 2 X10-7 ln [2000/0.7788]
= 1.57 x 10-6H/m
Make sure the units is
consistent

Example 2
Line is solid conductor, symmetrically spaced
that is bundled
This means we should use

Bundled Solid Conductor, Symmetric Spacing

1) calculate GMR (Ds)
r = 0.7788 x r= 0.7788cm
GMR =1.09 x 4(r x d3) = 1.09 x 4(0.7788 x (183) =
8.95 cm
2) Find GMD
D = 20 m
3) Calculate inductance
L = 2 x10-7 [ln D/GMR]
= 2 x10-7 [ln(20/0.0895 )]
= 1.08 x 10-6 H/m

Bundled Solid Conductor, Symmetric Spacing

4) calculate reactance
XL = (2f) L= 3.39/m

Example 3

Are the conductors solid or stranded?

Is the transmission line symmetric?
Are the conductors bundled?
Solid, asymmetric and bundled
Use L = 2 x 10-7 ln [ GMD/GMR]

Bundled Solid conductor, Asymmetric

spacing
1) What is r
r = 0.7788 x r = 0.7788 cm
2) What is the GMR?
GMR = 1.09 x 4(0.7788 x (183)
= 8.95 cm
3) What is the GMD?
GMD = 3(20)(20)(40) = 25.20m

Bundled Solid conductor, Asymmetric

spacing
GMD = 8.95cm
GMR = 25.20m
L = 2 x 10-7 ln [GMD/Ds] = 2 x 10-7 ln
[25.20/0.0895]
= 1.13 H/m
XL = (2f)l= 3.54/m

Tutorial problem
1. Calculate the loop inductance per km of a single phase overhead line
consisting of two conductors each 1 cm diameter and 1.2 m apart.
[ 2.292mH]
2. A 3 phase transposed line has conductors of diameter 2 cm and
spaced at distance of 3.65, 5.5 and 8.2m between centres. Calculate
the inductance per phase per km of line length. [ 1.31mH]
3. A 3 phase 50 km long single circuit 66kV transposed overhead line
has horizontal spacing with 3 m between adjacent conductors and 6
m between outer conductors. The conductor diameter is 2 cm. Find
the inductance per phase. [61.85mH]

Tutorial problem
4. A 3 phase single circuit bundled conductor line with two subconductors per phase has horizontal spacing with 6.1m between the
centre lines of adjacent phases. The distance between the subconductors of each phase is 30.5cm and each sub-conductor has a
diameter of 2.54 cm. Find the inductance per phase per km.
[0.988mH]
5. A 3-phase double circuit line has its conductors at the vertices of a
regular hexagon with side 3.5m. The diameter of each conductor is
2cm. Find the inductance per phase per km.[0.596mH]
6. A 3 phase 132kV, 100km, 50Hz, single circuit line has horizontal
spacing with 3.5m between adjacent conductors. The conductor is
1.2 cm. Find the line capacitance per phase and charging current
per phase. [0.841F, 20.15A]