FIBER OPTIC NETWORK

CABLING INSTALLATION
FTTH NETWORK ELEMENTS
(FH2)

Rev3.0/NOV/2014/HZH

Content
Part 1 :
ACTIVE DEVICES
Part 2 :
PASSIVE COMPONENTS &
DEVICES
2

PART 1 : ACTIVE DEVICES

A

PON Network Diagram

OLT Platform; SCM and LIM

C Small Form Pluggable (SFP)

D Optical Network Unit (ONU)
E Optical Network Terminal (ONT)
F

Element Management System (EMS)

Learning Outcomes
At the end of this part, participants should be able to:
Briefly understand the OLT platform
Be able to differentiate between SCM and LIM
Explain the SFP and its important
Understand ONU features
Understand ONT features
Understand the requirement of Element Management System
(EMS) in FTTx network

Introduction
In FTTx network, the network elements is
divided into 2 group :
Active devices and Passive components
ACTIVE DEVICES
Optical Line Terminal
(OLT)
Optical Network
Terminal/Unit
(ONT/ONU)
PON Extender (if
required)

PASSIVE DEVICES

Optical Splitter
Optical Cable
Closures
Cabinet
etc

A. PON Network Diagram: GPON/GEPON

CUSTOMER

CENTRAL
OFFICE

NODE

CPE

ONU
MDU

GEPON/GPON

SMB

GEPON/GPON
Splitter

S5 PON OLT
GEPON/GPON
Splitter

Home

TPS +

GEPON/GPON
Splitter

Data
VoIP

STB

IPTV

AMR

B. OLT Platform
*SWITCHING AND CONTROL
MODULE (SCM)*
1:1 protection
For GPON OLT
208G Switching Fabric(for
2.5G platform)
4x10GbE + 8xGbE SFP for
uplink
For GEPON OLT
88G Switching Fabric(for 1G
platform)
2 x10GbE + 4xGbE for
uplink
*LINE INTERFACE
MODULE (LIM)*

Example;
11 Slots: 2 SCM + 8 LIM + 1
Power slot
7 RU, Full front access
MAX 160Gbps backplane
capacity
MAX 20Gbps slot capacity

8 ports GPON LIM

16 GbE WDM PON LIM
8 ports GEPON / 4 ports 2.5G EPON
LIM
8 ports 1000Base-FX SFP LIM
8 ports 100/1000Base-TX LIM
2+1 of -48VDC or 100~220VAC Power
supplier

B. OLT Platform cont

Packet processing functionalities for IPbased
Triple Play Service delivery
Carrier Ethernet Features (Ethernet OAM, Network
VPN over VPLS and MiM)(SCM-B208G)
Robust QoS capabilities through deep multi-packet
classification, multiple priority queue , congestion
control, traffic shaping & policing and modification
Supporting extensive Layer 2 and 3 multicast
capability; IGMP, DVMRP and PIM
IP routing and VLAN processing capabilities
Supporting DHCP server and relay
Supporting Link aggregation or redundancy

C. Small Form Pluggable(SFP)

Industry standard small form pluggable

(SFP) package
Duplex LC
connector

Hot
Pluggable

Equipment
interface for
fiber optic
link

Wavelength
1310nm for
downstream
application

D. Optical Network Unit (ONU)

Optional uplink
slot

Power Inlet

Uplink/Cascade
100/1000Base-FX
SFP
F.G

LED
LINK/ACT

Uplink/Cascade
10/100/1000BaseTX
Console

100Base-TX or FX

LED RUN

10

D. Optical Network Unit (ONU)

Separate product for 100BaseTX & 100BaseFX Ethernet, VDSL2
Provides high speed and reliable fiber base transport in an
optional slot : GbE, GEPON, GPON and GbE WDM
Provides flexible role out configurations from single unit to midcapacity stacking (through 10/100/1000Base-T cascading)
Support extensive Layer 2+ function
User Ports
24 RJ45 Connectors for R1P-SW24 TX Switch
24 SFP Connectors for R1P-SW24 FX Switch
Uplink Interface: 2 ports 100/1000BaseFX/TX combo, 1 port
GPON, 1 port GEPON, 1 port WDM PON

11

E. Optical Network Terminal (ONT)

RF out

G/EPON with VO

VoIP

100BaseTX

12

E. ONT-cont
Configuration
4
4
4
4
4

port
port
port
port
port

100Base-TX
100Base-TX
100Base-TX
100Base-TX
100Base-TX

+
+
+
+

WLAN
2 port VoIP
2 port VoIP + WLAN
2 port VoIP + WLAN + 3G

Subscriber Management
DHCP server/client, PPPoE, NAT
Authentication: 802.1x client/supplicant, Radius client

System Management
Remote/Local mgmt & provisioning
TR-069

CATV signal distribution, HFC and FTTx nodes

Frequency BW : 45MHz~1GHz
RF output level : 25dBmV/Ch

VoIP (SIP 2.0)

Support Codec: G.711 a/u-Law & G.729 or G.723
FAX T.38 relay

13

E. ONT with Zigbee/Serial IF

Customer
Premise
WIFI

RS232 G/EPON

USB
Cat3 cable

RS485VoIP 100BaseT
X

G/EPON
/ FX,TX

Voice over IP

IPTV
STB
Cat5 cable

AMR

User Interface
Zigbee
1 port RS485 + 1 port
RS232
4 ports 10/100Base-TX
USB
2 ports VoIP
WiLAN

High Speed
Data

Meter
RS485
Thermostat

Sensor
Zigbee

14

F. EMS Key Features

Fault Management
Alarm (Trap: System, Module, Port, Subscriber,
Environment) report with Sound and LED
Alarm history management
Configuration Management
Configurations by GUI instead of CLI per each type of
Equipment
Performance Management
Statistics per interface, port, VLAN with display methods
of Graph and table
Every 5 min, 15 min, 1 day, 1 week, 1 month, 1 year
Access security Management
Login password, User grade (Admin, RO, RW)
management
Service Profile Management
Batch configuration for bulk configuration
File management
Remote Software upgrade, Configuration backup/restore
15

F. EMS (cont.)
OSS of Service Provider
Fault

Performance
XML
FTP

CRM
Provisioning

XML
North bound Interface

HTTP
XML

XML
TCP/IP(Java RMI)

DB
(MySQ
L)
SNMP

Equipmen
t1

Corecess
EMS

South bound Interface

SNMP

Equipmen
t2

EMS
Clients

Equipmen
tN
16

Summary
PONs also have active components but only in the central
office and the customer premises equipment.
Switch control module(SCM) used to provides master
control and packet memory storage between OLT platform
to exchange server.
Line interface module (LIM) used to provides PON port for
downstream network.
Small form pluggable used to switch interface network
ONU and ONT used to provides multiple services to
customer
EMS manages one or more of a specific type of
telecommunications network element NE.
17

PART 2: PASSIVE COMPONENTS

AND
DEVICES
International
standards
on Optical
Components
E-side & D-side
Optical Distribution Frame
Fiber Distribution Cabinet
Fiber Distribution Point
Termination box
Fiber Face Plate/Fiber Wall Socket
FTTH Cable
Splitter characterization
WDM coupler characterization
Other PON network component

18

Learning Outcomes
At the end of this session, participants should be able to:

Identify the passive components and

devices used in FTTH
Identify E-side and D-side components
Understand the PON splitter
characterization
Identify special passive components in
FTTH network
19

A. International Standards on
Passive Optical Components
The standard is still Incomplete
IEC SC86B on Passive Components
61753-082-2:
Fibre optic interconnecting devices and passive components
performance standardPart 082-2: Non connectorized single
mode fibre optic pigtailed 1.31/1.55 mm WDM devices for
category C Controlled environment
62074-1:
Fibre optic WDM devicesPart 1: Generic specification
61300-3-7:
Basic test and measurement proceduresPart 3-7:
Examinations and measurements - Wavelength dependence
of attenuation and return loss
20

A. International Standards on
Passive Optical Components
Telcordia
GR-1209 :
Generic Requirements for Fiber Optic Branching
Components
GR-1221 :
Generic Reliability Assurance Requirements for
Fiber Optic Branching Components

ITU-T SG15 Recommendations

G.671 :
Transmission characteristics of optical components
and subsystems

21

B. E-side and D-side network

22

B. E-side and D-side network

23

i. E-Side
E-Side is a network form exchange to primary cross
connection point.
Consist the element such:

Optical Distribution Frame

Fiber Distribution Panel
Splitter
Patchcord , Pigtail and Cord Cable
Fiber Optic Cable-Slotted Core
Fiber Optic Splicing Closure
Protective Sleeve
Adapters and Attenuators

24

ii. D-Side
From the primary cross connection point (PCP)
outward, the network is known as distribution
network(D-Side)
Consist the element such:

Fiber Distribution Cabinet

Pigtail
Fiber Optic Cable-Loose Tube
Fiber Optic splicing closure
Protective sleeve
Fiber Distribution Point
Drop Cable
Termination Box
Fiber Socket
Bend Insensitive cable/patchcord
25

C. Optical Distribution
Frame(ODF)
ODF is a fiber optic management unit - organize the
fiber optic cable connections.

Used indoor and could be very big size frame or small

size similar like the patch panel boxes.

Placed in a CO for interconnection between OLT and Eside cable

26

C. Optical Distribution
Frame(ODF)

27

D. Fiber Distribution Cabinet

To manage an interface between
E-side cables and D-side cables.
2 X N splitters
installed

Patch panel
with adapters
is used for
interconnectio
n between
splitter output
and D-side
cable.

Water proof
and dust
proof IP55
standard

28

D. Fiber Distribution Cabinet

29

30

E. Fiber Distribution
Point(FDP)

FDP is used to connect distribution cable and drop

cable.

Installed at each floor for

high rise building or at
the manhole serving the
landed premise.

When fiber reached the

FDP, it has completed
the Home Passed stage

31

E. Fiber Distribution
Point(FDP)

32

E. Overview Application FDP

33

F. Fiber Termination Box

Is an interface of optical communications
system between outdoors and indoors in
which the optical cable or patch cord or
pigtail are connected.
Suitable for jointing fiber with pigtail and protect
fiber optic splices.

34

G. Fiber Wall Socket

End user connectionhouses/premises

35

H. FTTH Cable
Most suitable cable for connecting the
subscriber to the FTTH network
There 2 special cable used in the FTTH system :
Drop cables
Steel wire for messenger
Non metallic tension member
Minimum bending radius is 15 mm
Bend sensitive cable
ITU-T G.657A

Optical fibers can be taken out from the

notch region
36

i. Drop cable
Drop cables connect each optical network terminal at the
subscriber premises to a fiber access terminal

The fiber plant can be either aerial (aboveground) or buried

(belowground).

37

i. Drop cable

38

Application of drop cable

39

Application of drop cable

40

ii. Bend Insensitive Cable

Used at customer premises to
connect between fiber socket and
ONU.

It is being
used to
replace
conventional Highly flexible
Fiber Optic
Cable in many
applications.

ITU-T Rec
G.657

41

Bend insensitive cable

Some of the reasons that bend
insensitive cable is being
deployed are:

Less attenuation which makes it more

efficient
Easier to deploy in customer premises
because of tight angles
Space saving as the future need is for
smaller, denser cable
Important component for linking various
kinds of equipment that require microbending sensitivity
42

Bend insensitive cable

43

SC-Connectorized Ultra-Flexible Cable

44

SC-Connectorized Ultra-Flexible Cable

MageTsuyo is the
most suitable cable
for cable installation
in homes and
enterprises.

Suitable for extension

optical cord

Single mode bend

insensitive fiber
7.5mm in radius
compliance to G.657B
is employed

Highly elastic, flexible

and withstand drastic
cable bends during
installation

Capable to withstand
multiple repeated
bends without any
deformation on
sheath and optical
transmission
characteristic

High crush, impact,

and abrasion
resistance

Free and ease winding

unwinding without
twisting

Available standard
lengths: 1m, 2m,
5m.Other lengths are
available on request

45

Field Assembly Connector

(FASC)
FASC connector is
one type of connector
that it is an ideal
solution for FTTx field
installation and is
widely used.
Its a field installable
connector which uses
a pre-assembled fiber
connector
design
ideal for cable system
applications

46

I. Optical Splitter
Fiber optic splitter is one of the key
components in FTTH to split a fiber optic
beam into several beams at a certain
splitting ratio.
Typical parameter :
Input and output part cable length, splitting ratio, working wavelength and
with what kind of fiber optic connectors.
Just like fiber patch cable, fiber splitters are usually with 0.9mm, 2mm or
3mm cables. 0.9mm outer diameter cable is mostly used in stainless steel
tube package fiber optic splitters, while 2mm and 3mm cables are mostly
used in box type package fiber splitters.
Typical connectors installed on the fiber optic splitters are FC or SC type.

47

I. Optical Splitter
Depend on the technology used;
there are fused fiber splitter and PLC fiber
splitter
Fused fiber optic splitter
A traditional type with
over 20 years history, it
is a mature products,
material used to make
such products is easy to
get so the total cost is
small
Has many defects, for
example, if many output
like 1X32, the size of
such splitter will be big,
its loss is sensitive to

Planar Light Wave Circuit

(PLC) Splitter
Developed based on silica
glass wave-guide process
with reliable precision
aligned fiber pigtail in a
miniature package
Has many advantages, one
semiconductor could realize
1X32 splitting or more, which
help make it a small size, and
its loss is not sensitive to the
48
working wavelength.

Understanding PON Splitters

Passive
device

optical

branching

Bidirectional
1:2, 1:4, 1:8,
configurations

1:16,

1:32

Cascade for desired ratio

Loss 3 dB per 2x split plus
excess loss (inefficiency)

49

Splitter Power Ratios

SPLITTE
R

1:2

1:4

1:8

1:16

1:32

Ideal
loss (dB)

12

15

Excess
loss
(dB,max)

Actual
loss
(dB,
max)

11

15

19

50

PON Splitter

51

J. WWDM characterization
Introduction :
Multiplexing is a method of sending
several signals over a line
simultaneously.
To combine separate wavelength
onto a single fiber or to split
combined wavelengths back into
their component signals.
52

J. WWDM coupler
characterization
Light at both 980 and 1550 nm wavelengths, which
allows WDM pump/signal couplers to combine the
pump power at 980 nm and the transmission signal
at 1550 nm into one fiber.

Two important considerations in a WDM devices are

crosstalk and channel separation.

Crosstalk or directivity refers to how well the

demultiplexed channels are separated.

53

WDM Application

54

K. Other PON network component

i. Special Components Distribution Hub

55

ii. Optical Closures

To provide protection between cable joints(splicing point).

FTTx applications often need special splice closures, for example to

allow a distribution cable to split out fibers for individual homes and
continue to another drop point.

Used to join the fiber or branching-off fiber in the manhole or on the

pole either at the E-side or D-side.

E-side : jointing from 1 fiber optic splice closure(FOSC) to multiple

FDC.
In this splice closure end-cap, each port can accommodate a feeder
cable in and out, plus three ports for numerous drop cables. Also
each port can be accessed without disturbing previously installed
cables.

56

ii. Optical Closures

57

58

iii. Optical Network Terminal (ONT)

59

iv. Connectors
APC connectors
needed to
reduce back
reflection for
video delivery if
using analog
video like CATV

60

Summary
Passive components/devices are an
unpowered component
Cable which installed from exchange to
cabinet is called E-side cable.
Cable which installed from cabinet to ONU is
called D-side.
The most important passive component in the
FTTH system is splitter
There is a special components in FTTH system
compared to the current fiber link
61

THETHANK
END
YOU!