Professional Documents
Culture Documents
functions of
Respiratory
System
Peshawar Medical College NWFP Pakistan
Non-Respiratory Functions of
Respiratory system
Immunity (Lung defense Mechanisms)
- Cilia provides trapping & strain out of foreign particles >
10 u
Reflexes:
- Sneeze Reflex
- Cough Reflex
- Nasopulmonary Reflex
Non-Respiratory functions of
Respiratory System
. Storage functions - blood
Phonation (speech)
Regulatory Functions:
-Acid-Base Balance
- Water Balance
- Body Temperature ( Insensible Perspiration)
Hypoxia
Definition.
TYPES:
1. Hypoxic Hypoxia - PO2 of the arterial
blood is low
Hypoxic Hypoxia
Caususes:
A. Low PO2 in the inspired air which include:
1. High Altitude
2. Breathing Gas mixture having Low PO2
3. Breathing in closed space
Types of Hypoxia
C. Inadequate Oxygenation of Blood due to
Respiratory Disorders Which includes:
1. Impaired alveolar Diffusion eg.Emphysema
D. Cardiac Disorders
1. Cogestive Heart Failure (CCF)
2. Veno-arterial Shunts
Peshawar Medical College NWFP Pakistan
iii.-Stagnant Hypoxia
Due to decreased velocity of blood flow.
1. CCF
2. Hemorrhagic Shock
3. Vasoconstriction (vasospasm
4. Thrombo-embolism
Effects of Hypoxia
1. - On Blood
2. - On CVS
3. - On Respiration
4. - On Kidney -Erythropoietin
5. - On CNS
DELAYED effects of Hypoxia
Treatmentt. - O2 Therapy
Peshawar Medical College NWFP Pakistan
Cyanosis
Dusky bluish discoloration of the skin or
mucous membrane
Appears when the reduced Hb. Concentration of
the blood in the capillaries is
Types:
1. Central Cyanosis
2. Peripheral Cyanosis
Orthopnoea
Dyspnoea on lying flat:
Causes:
Decreased Movement of Diaphragm (by viscera)
> Pulm Vent > DYSPNOEA
Increased mobilization of tissue fluid
( Hydrostatic effect)
> pulmonary Congestion > Decreased Lung Compliance