Professional Documents
Culture Documents
References
Submitted to: Dr. Nasreen Akhter
Submitted by: Sobia Parveen (03)
Sana Akram (13)
M.Phil (Edu)
Semester: 2nd
What is References?
Reference is the list of sources. You have
cited the references come out the end of
your paper.
The most commonly style used for
references is APA style.
Examples of References
Periodicals
Books & Reference Books
Technical and Research Reports
Meetings and Symposia
Doctoral Dissertation and Masters Thesis
Reviews and Peer Commentary
Measurement Instruments
Audio-visual media
Data sets
Internet Message Board
Periodicals
Author name and year of publication
Title of Article/periodicals
DOI
If no DOI is assigned to the content and you retrieved it online, use this
format:
Retrieved from http://www.xxxxxx
If DOI is not available, and the reference was retrieved online, give URL
of the journal home page. No retrieved date is needed.
Write single p(page) for one page and pp for more than one pages.
Example
Author, A. A., Author, B. B., & Author, C. C. (year). Title of article. title
of Periodical, xx, pppp. doi:xx.xxxxxxxxxx
Newspaper article
Author , A. (1993, September 30).
Democracy in Pakistan, political status.
The Jang Multan pp. Al, A4.
If an article appears on discontinuous
pages, give all page numbers, and
separate the
numbers with a comma (e.g., pp. B1, B3,
B5B7).
Unpublished dissertation
Author, A. A. (1978). Title of doctoral/
dissertation or master's thesis
(Unpublished
doctoral dissertation or master's thesis).
Name of Institution, Location.
Audio-Visual Media
For the motion pictures, use the following format:
Producer, A. A. (producer), & Director, B. B. (Director).
(year). Title of motion picture[motion picture]. Country of
origin:Studio