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2.

5 Human Brain and Its Complexity

Brain
Brain the one of the largest organs in our body,
weighing about 1.4 kg.
1.4
It has a soft, jelly texture but protected by a hard skull.

Cerebru
m

Function:
Controls voluntary actions
such as thinking, writing,
talking and dancing

Cerebru
m
Medulla
oblongat
a
Function:
Controls all involuntary actions
such as blood pressure, body
temperature, heartbeat

Spinal
cord

Function:
Controls movement and
maintains balance during
movement

Function:
Controls reflex action such as
sneezing, knee-jerk

Differences between involuntary actions and


voluntary
action
Action
that can
be
controlle
d

Control
centre:
Cerebru
m

Speed :
Fast or
slow

Controlle
d by
brain

Voluntar
y action

Stimuli :
from the
brain or
the
environm
ent

Involves
the
nervous
system
(CNS)

Action
that
cannot
be
controlle
d

involunta
ry action

Stimuli :
no
Stimuli

Control
centre:
medulla
oblongat
a

Speed:
continue
s or
automati
c

Brain
injuries
Injuries of
CEREBRUM:
Loss of
memory
and senses

Injuries of
CEREBELLUM:
loss of
coordination
of the limbs

Brain
injuries

The brain can be injured by :


a) The skulls experiences a
hard blow.
b) Stroke
c) Infections, such as
Japanese Encephalitis (JE)

JE
Injuries of
MEDULLA
OBLONGATA:
Can be fatal
because this part
controls
involuntary
actions

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