Professional Documents
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System
K. Seetharamaraju (134103062)
CONTENTS
1) Introduction
2) History
3) Basic Radio Principles
4) Frequency Bands
5) Transmitters
6) Receivers
7) Antennas
8) VHF Communication
9) HF Communication
INTRODUCTION
Communication System involves voice transmission and reception between aircrafts or aircrafts and
ground.
For obvious reasons pilots can not use sound as a medium during the flight to interact with other
pilots !
So we need a specialized system which can play an efficient role of transmitting important
data( voice, signals) and simultaneously maintaining a good quality transmission.
It can be said that safe aircraft operation is dependent to a large extent upon satisfactory
performance of communication system
Energy is alternately stored in these field and returned to the conductor for typical
transformer operation.
As the frequency of current alternation increases, lesser energy stored in the field
returns to the conductor and instead radiated into space in form of EM waves.
Now for Radios, this phenomenon is exploited for transmission of signals and the
conductor employed to radiate in this manner is called transmitting antenna.
Now if these radiated EM waves passes through a conductor, they transmit
some energy into the conductor by setting conductors electron into motion.
As and when EM field varies, pattern of electron flow changes which in turn
varies the current generated
Hence by causing a variation into the EM field via radiating antenna, we can
bring about similar variation in the receiving antenna.
Aperture antennas
Antenna on Aircraft
Type and size of antenna varies with the different types of aircraft.
The location of antenna depends on the design of aircraft.
VHF and HF
VHF and HF communication systems use transceivers.
A transceivers is a self contained transmitter and receiver.
The transmitter and receiver both operate at same frequency,
and the microphone button determines when there is an output
from the transmitter.
In the absence of transmission the receiver is sensitive to
incoming signals.
This combination of transmitters and receivers saves a lot of
space and weight and are hence largely used.
Very High Frequency
Very High Frequency is a term used to describe the
30MHz. to 300MHz. portion of the radio spectrum.
This range of frequencies will provide short-range LOS
(line of site) communications.
The range for VHF communications depends on
equipment used, antenna height, and terrain(typically 2 to
20 miles).
VHF System Diagram
HF communication.
The frequency range is 3-30 MHz.
This is used for long range communications because of its longer
transmission range.
This is the basic band for long-range communications, mainly
because its transmissions are reflected from the ionosphere.
HF transmitters have higher power outputs than VHF transmitters.
A Tuner is used to match the impedance of the transceiver to the
antenna.
Use and installation of the HF communication system is
same as that of the VHF communication system.
The advantage of using HF communication system over
VHF communication system is that it can transmit
information over long distance as the output power of the
HF transmitter is higher than that of the VHF transmitter.
HF System Diagram
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