Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Dr A P Singh
Associate Professor & Head
PG Department of Zoology
SGGS College, Chandigarh
(Panjab University, Chandigarh, India)
SOUND
A form of mechanical Energy which travels in a medium
as waves of compression and rarefaction
Has two basic characteristics:
SOUND.. CONTD.
Frequency (Pitch): It is number of sound
vibrations or number of sound wave cycles per
second
Measured in units called hertz (Hz)
Range of sensitiveness of human hearing is 20
20,000 Hz
Sound below 20 Hz is called Infrasound and
above 20,000 Hz as ultrasound or ultrasonic and
are inaudible
Frequency influences loudness
Sound with frequency of 1000 Hz and loudness
of 20 dB and frequency of 20 Hz and loudness of
80 dB appear similar
SOUND LEVEL METERS OR DECIBEL
METER
DIGITAL MECHANICAL
DISPLAY POINTER
0 dB Threshold of Hearing
10 dB Breathing, Rustling of the Leaves Barely Audible
20 dB Broadcasting Studio Very Quiet
30 dB Soft Whisper, Library Quiet
50 dB Low Volume Radio, Living Room
60 dB Moderate Conversation, AC, Telephone, Type Moderately Loud
Writer
70 dB Office, Loud Conversation, Alarm Clock, Desert
Cooler. Vacuum Pump
75 dB New Car
80 dB Scooter, Car, Bazar Loud
90 dB Bus/Traffic
100 dB Printing Press, Rolling Mill Very Loud
110 dB Motor Cycle/Train Whistle Uncomfortably Loud
120 dB Hooter/Flying Aircraft
130dB Maximum Volume Rock Music
150 dB Jet Takeof Painful
180 dB Rocket
NOISE
Sound becomes undesirable when it disturbs the normal
activities such as working, sleeping, and conversations.
Sound that is unwanted or unpleasant or harsh which disrupts
dB is enjoyable
Metros have average noise level of 90 dB
NOISE POLLUTION
When there is a lot of noise in the
environment, it is termed as noise pollution.
It is an underrated environmental problem
because of the fact that we cant see, smell,
or taste it.
It is a physical pollution which does not
leave residue but its effects can be felt
World Health Organization holds that Noise
must be recognized as a major threat to
human well-being
MAJOR SOURCES OF NOISE
POLLUTION
Domestic Gadgets & Personal Entertainment
Factories & Mills: Machines, Exhausts, Steam,
Generators, grinding, cutting
Transportation Means:
Commercial Areas:
Community Functions
Sports Events
Agricultural Operations
Construction Activities
Defence Activities
Festivals
EFFECTS OF NOISE POLLUTION
Day Night
Industrial Area 75 dB 70 dB
Commercial Area 65 dB 55 dB
Residential Area 55 dB 45 dB
Silence Zone 50 dB 40 dB