GandhinagarInstitute

Gandhinagar Instituteof
ofTechnology
Technology
Subject Name And Code : Electrical Power Generation (2140908)
Subject Name And Code : Electrical Power Generation (2140908)
Active Learning assignment
Active Learning assignment
Topic : Diesel Power Plant
Topic : Diesel Power Plant
Guided By : Prof. Rahish Sir
Guided By : Prof. Rahish Sir
Branch : Electrical
Branch : Electrical
Batch : B1 Sem : 4th th
Batch : B1 Sem : 4
Academic year : 2015-16(even)
Academic year : 2015-16(even)
Prepared by : Harshid Panchal (140120109023)
Prepared by : Harshid Panchal (140120109023)

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Diesel power plant

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 A power station in which diesel engine used as the
prime mover for the generation of electrical energy is
called diesel power station.
In diesel power station, diesel used as the working
Introduction
Introduction
fluid. The fuel(diesel) burns inside the engine cylinder
and chemical energy of diesel is converted into the
heat energy and this heat energy is converted into
mechanical energy. Diesel engine coupled with
alternator which converts mechanical energy into
electrical energy.

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 ENERGY CONVERSION IN DIESEL POWER PLANT
ENERGY CONVERSION IN DIESEL POWER PLANT

CHEMICAL MECHANICAL ELECTRICAL

ENERGY ENERGY ENERGY

R
FUEL DIESEL ALTERNATO Y
(DIESEL ENGINE R B
)

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Diesel power station is very low capacity type as
compare to steam and hydro power station.
Diesel engine is also called I.C. (Internal Combustion)
engine for which the burning of fuel take place inside
the engine. The main difference between the diesel
engine and the steam engine is that in diesel engine
the combustion of fuel take place inside the engine
and steam engine combustion of fuel take place
outside the engine.

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 Linediagram
Line diagramof
ofdiesel
dieselpower
power 6
 1) Diesel Engine : It is the main component of the
diesel power station. The diesel engines are two
stroke or four stroke type. It may be horizontal or
Essential
Essential vertical type. The diesel engine used as a prime
elementsof
elements of mover which is directly coupled with the generator.

diesel
diesel
2) Generator : The main function of generator is to
convert mechanical energy into electrical energy.
power
power Generator is mainly coupled with diesel engine. The
generator used power station is salient pole type
station
station and rotating speed from 215 to 1000 r.p.m,
capacity 25 to 5000 KVA and output voltage 440V
for small machine and 2200 v for big machine.

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 3) Exciter : It is small d.c. generator coupled to the
main set used to produced required d.c. for
excitation of the alternating field is winding.

Essential
Essential
4) Air Filter : The main function of air filter to remove
dust and other suspended impurities from the air
elementsof
elements of which is taken into the engine.

diesel
diesel
5) Silencer : The main function of silencer is to reduce
noise when exhaust gas left out and also reduce
power
power noise pollution
station
station 6) Fuel Oil Tank : The fuel oil is stored in the fuel oil
tanks which are situated outside the diesel engine
room for safety.

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 7) Strainer : Strainer is provided to remove
suspended impurities and supply clean fuel to
engine.

Essential
Essential
8) Transfer Pump : The main function of the transfer
pump is to transfer fuel oil from the main tank to
elementsof
elements of all day tank.
diesel
diesel 9) All day tank : The fuel oil which is transferred from
fuel oil tank to small storage tank kept at some
power
power height is called all day tank. All day tank stored
station
station
fuel oil as per the daily requirement.
10) Oil Filter : The main function of oil filter is to
remove the dust particles and other impurities
from the fuel oil.

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 11) Fuel injection pump : fuel injection pump inject fuel
oil to the engine cylinder at high pressure.
12) Hot well : Hot well is provided in the surge tank. The
Essential
Essential water takes away heat from the diesel engine and it
elementsof
elements of self become hot. The hot water stored in Hot well.

diesel
diesel
13) Jacket water pump : The main function of jacket
water pump is to transfer hot water from the hot
power
power well to heat exchanger.

station
station
14) Cooling tower : The cooling water which is absorbs
heat from heat exchanger and become hot. This is
cooled in a cooling tower and recirculated through
the heat exchanger.

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 15) Raw water pump : Raw water pump discharges
cooling water from the cooling tower to heat
exchanger.
Essential 16) Lubricating Oil tank : The life of the engine depend
elements of on the lubrication system. Lubricating oil stored in
this tank.
diesel 17) Oil pump : Oil pump to pass lubricating oil to the oil
power filter.
18) Air compressor : The main function of air compressor
station is to compressed air at high pressure and it is
admitted to cylinders of the engine. Compressed air
system is mostly used for starting diesel engine.

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 External Combustion
I.C. Engine Engine (steam engine)

Comparison
Comparison
1) The combustion of fuel
takes place inside the
1) The combustion of fuel
takes place outside the
of
ofI.C.
I.C.
engine cylinder. engine cylinder.
2) Diesel is used as the 2) Working fluid steam.
Engine
Engineand
and working fluid.
3) Fuel cost is low.
External
External
3) Fuel cost is high.
4) More capital cost.

Combustion
Combustion
4) Less capital cost.
5) Required less space.
5) Required large space.

Engine
Engine 6) Thermal efficiency is high.
6) Thermal
low.
efficiency is

7) Used in heavy duty 7) Used in railway

vehicles like truck, buses locomotives, power
etc. station etc.

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THE WORKING OF 4 STROKE DIESEL ENGINE.
THE WORKING OF 4 STROKE DIESEL ENGINE.

Fuel Injector

Exhaust air
gases
Exhaust valve TDC Inlet valve

BDC

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WORKING OF 2-STROKE I.C. 14
 Two stroke engine 1) The
Four cycleengine
stroke of
1) The cycle of operation is
operation is completed in four
Comparison completed in two stroke.
stroke.
between 2) Complicated
2) Simple construction. construction.
2 stroke and 3) High working 3) Low working
efficiency. efficiency.
4 stroke 4) Produce more noise. 4) Produce less noise.
5) They consume more 5) They consume less
lubricating oil. lubricating oil.
6) These engines 6) These engines
required less space. required more
space.
 1) Peak load plant : Diesel engine power plant can
be easily started or stopped so it can be use in
combination with thermal or hydro plants as a peak
load plants.
2) Mobile Plant : Diesel plants mounted on trailers
can be used for temporary or emergency purposes
Application
Application
such as for suppling power to large civil engineering
works.
of
ofdiesel
diesel 3) Stand by Units : When any one unit of steam
power
powerplant
plant power station under maintenance period the diesel
engine power station can operate in parallel to
generate electric power.
4) Emergency Plant : In Industries where the
process is such that continuous power supply is
must when power from grid supply fails the diesel
plant is run to meet with requirement of supply.

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 5) Nursery station : When a new power station is
constructed or in the absence of main grid, a diesel
power station to supply power in a small town.
Application
Application 6) Starting station : Diesel power station can be
of
ofdiesel
diesel used to run the auxiliaries for starting large steam
power
powerplant
plant
power plant.
7) Central station : It is also used as central station
where the capacity required is small

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 1) It can be located near load centre.
2) Plant layout is simple.
Advantages 3) The plant can be quickly started and can pick up
of diesel load in very short time.

power 4) There are no stand by losses.

station 5) The plant is smaller in size than steam power plant

for the same capacity.
6) The working life of diesel power plant is longer.

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 7) Capital cost is less.
Advantages 8) They require less cooling tower.

of diesel 9) Less civil engineering work is required.

power 10) There is no ash handling problem.

station 11) Easy lubrication system.

12) Efficiency is higher.

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 1) The plant can not work under overload condition for
longer times.

Disadvanta 2) Lubrication cost is high.

ges of 3) The capacity of plant is limited.

diesel 4) High operating cost.

5) Noise problem.
power plant
6) Capacity is restricted.
7) Cost of fuel is high and vary with time to time.

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 1) Distance from load centre : It should be located
near the load centre. This will minimize the cost of
transmission lines and power losses through them.
2) Availability of water : Sufficient quantity of water
Site
Site
should be available at the site selected for cooling
purpose.
selection
selectionfor
for 3) Foundation condition : The foundation condition of
diesel
diesel
sub-soil should be such that a foundation at a
reasonable depth should be capable of providing a
power
power strong support to the engine.
station
station 4) Access to the site : The site selected should have
rail and road transportation facilities.
5) Fuel Transportation : The site selected should be
nearer to the source of fuel(diesel) supply so that
transportation charges low.

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References : Electrical Power Generation by Dr. D.M. Patel

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