VIRTUAL REALITY

CS 620 Human Computer

Interaction

Professor - Dr.Dascalu
Presented by Sankeerth, Rui Wu,
Walker.
 CONTENTS
Definition and Need for Virtual Reality
History
Taxonomy
Basic Virtual Reality
Advanced Virtual Reality
Applications
Conclusion
 DEFINITION
Virtual Reality is the use of computer
modeling and simulation that enables a
person to interact with an artificial three-
dimensional (3-D) visual or other sensory
environment.
Via seeing, hearing, smelling and feeling.
Common Features in todays world.
Virtual Reality will have some impact in
almost every field in the near future.
 WHY VIRTUAL
REALITY
Virtual reality is adopted by military,
aviation, sports like golf etc. as training
ground in highly realistic manner.
In military, soldiers can diffuse a bomb
without any real world risks.
In Medicine;
Earlier: Dissection and study using
plastic models; Now: Virtual Patients
and Virtual Histology
They have lower operating costs and are
safer to use than real experiences.
 HISTORY
Traditional square or rectangular screens
Pin cushion Distortion
Top and Bottom center of a projected
image appear to droop inward creating
corners of squares form elongated
points, as in a cushion.
 VITARAMA AND CINERAMA

VITARAMA: 11 Projectors and

dome shaped screen.
CINERMA: Simplified version of
Vitarama. Used as wide-
screen film format in 1939. It used three
projectors onto a deeply
curved screen, subtending 146
of arc.
 SENSORAMA
SENSORAMA: Built in 1962 and was
aimed at 4 senses. [See, Hear, Feel &
Smell] .But the machinery ended up
being too complex.
THE ULTIMATE DISPLAY: For the first
time, Virtual reality was experienced
via a Head-Mounted Display which
was created by Ivan Sutherland in
1965. It was the biggest break
through.
 HARDWARE USED
Degree of Freedom: Optimal results in 5
DoFs such as
update rate, latency, accuracy, resolution
and range
Input Devices: Trackers,
Joysticks, Mice, Data Glove.
Data Glove:
Outfitted with sensors on the

fingers.
Enables natural interaction by

hand gesture recognition.

 HARDWARE USED
Output Devices: CRT monitor and LCD
screens.
VR expanded from Basic to Immersive.

New devices like Power Wall, Head-

Mounted Display (HMD), Binocular Omni

Oriented Monitors (BOOM)
TECHNOLOGIES USED
[SOFTWARE]
Virtual Reality Modeling
Language(VRML):
It is a standard language to represent 3D

graphics within the World Wide Web.

Allows the creator to specify images and

the rules for their display.

Aspects of virtual world display,

interaction and internetworking can be

specified using VRML without being
dependent on special gear like HMD.
TECHNOLOGIES USED
[SOFTWARE]
Software packages:
Multiverse Platform for Massively

Multiplayer Online Games.

Virtual Reality Studio Creates virtual

world in Freespace.
Sense8 World Tool Kit (WTK)

Autodesk Cyberspace Development kit

Runs VR programming from keystroke

commands to glove-helmet interaction.
 KEY ELEMENTS OF A VR SYSTEM

Key elements of a Virtual Reality System

are
Immersion: Active and Passive

Immersion
Interactivity: Interact with a virtual

object while navigating through the

environment.
Participants: New user and

Experienced user; One-to-one

relationship and One-to-many
relationship.
 VIRTUAL REALITY ARCHITECTURE

Input Processor, Simulation Processor,

Rendering Processor and World
Database.
VIRTUAL REALITY
ARCHITECTURE
INPUT PROCESSOR:
Theyre responsible for the control of the

input devices. The object is to deliver the

coordinate data to the rest of the system
with minimal time lag.
SIMULATION PROCESSOR:
Core of a VR system.

Takes the user inputs along with any

tasks programmed and determines

whether the actions that will take place
in the virtual world.
VIRTUAL REALITY
ARCHITECTURE
RENDERING PROCESSOR:
Accepts the results from the simulation

processor and creates the sensations

that act as output to the user.
World Database (World Description
Files):
Stores the objects that inhabit the world,

scripts that describe actions of those

objects.
 CLASSIFICATION
The classification is
based on two factors:
Type of technology

used.
Level of mental

immersion.
 CLASSIFICATION
Type of Technology:
BASIC: Do not require special input or

output
ENHANCED: Require additional input or

output devices to experience virtual

reality.
Level of Mental Immersion:
BASIC: Lower lever of immersion

ENHANCED: Higher level of Immersion.

 BASIC VR SYSTEMS
BASIC VR SYSTEMS:
The basic Virtual Reality systems have the

least level of immersion when compared to

enhanced systems.
They are screen-based and pointer-driven

which are presented by three-dimensional

graphics.
These systems can be divided into

subcategories, such as the hand-based and

the monitor-based virtual reality systems.
 HAND BASED VR SYSTEMS

HAND BASED VR SYSTEMS:

Hand-held devices, such as cell phones,

ultra mobile computers are used for VR

experience.
Ex: Wikitude World Browser

Using a Digital Compass and a Camera

on a smart phone, recognizes

points of interests,
landmarks and
surroundings.
HAND BASED VR SYSTEMS
LEAP MOTION CONTROLLER:
No hand contact is required. A user can

interact with their computer by just

using hand gestures.
Senses your hands and

fingers and follows their

every move.
Uses 150 field of view

and a Z-axis for depth,

enabling a user to
interact in 3D, as in real
 MONITOR BASED VR SYSTEMS

Basically, desktop based computers

displaying three-dimensional graphics on
monitors.
Ex: Fish Tank Display
This display provides
projected stereo images
from users point of view
enabling the user to see
in three dimension on two
dimensional monitors.
 MONITOR BASED VR
SYSTEMS
HP ZVR:
Allows the user to contact with content on

screen.
Uses four cameras to track the head and a

stylus to play with the content on

the screen.
The Z-view allows a user

to broadcast what a
person is looking at, on
a larger screen.
 ENHANCED VR SYSTEMS
Enhanced VR systems are again divided
into two sub categories.
Partially Immersive : Wall projectors,

Immersa Desk and Monocular Head

Based
Fully Immersive:

(a) Room based - Vehicle Simulation, CAVE

(b) Binocular head based
HOLOGRAM &
VIRTUAL FITTING
ROOM

Rui Wu
Expectation in Movie Star
Wars
 What is this?
Hologram: Typically, a hologram is a
photographic recording of a light field,
rather than of an image formed by a lens,
and it is used to display a fully
three-dimensional image of the
holographed subject, which is seen without
the aid of
special glasses or other intermediate optic
s
. (From wiki)

Easier version (my opinion): a technique

 Why is it amazing?
Users do not to need wear any devices.
It looks real! Most of other virtual reality

devices--connect to computer and 3D

models generated by computer.
Interactive
 We do have nice
prototypes...
2:16 Life Sized Hologram
3:41 Hologram Presentation
3:46 3D earth

Presenter used a controler

 About the prototype
A brand new way to present.
An awesome way to tele-communicate
(skype, video chat)
Possible better interactive methods--
hologram+kinect (hand pattern, Angela
Chan)
 Is it too far?
http://www.billboard.com
/articles/events/bbma-20
14/6092040/michael-jacks
on-hologram-billboard-mu
sic-awards
1:20
2014 Billboard Music A
wards
Is it just for rich people?
 Future hologram

Long way to go
Multi-angle to view
inside 3D images

Merchandise

standard interfaces

http://www.christiedigital.com/en-
us/3d/sales-process/request-
pricing/pages/default.aspx
 Virtual Fitting Room

Sometimes, we work hard

to make lazy life possible.
--Rui
Have you go shopping
with your girlfriend or
wife?
My girlfriend can keep
shopping for 10 hours.
 Virtual Fitting Room

En Maybe this will work.

But not 100% fit.
Feeling of the materials.
 How does it work?

Key: Kinect, powerful device. Skeleton

Detection + 3D models
OTHER VR
APPLICATIONS AND
EXAMPLES

Walker Spurgeon
 Video Games - Early
Examples
Sega Heavyweight Champ
Had to move boxing gloves
Hang-On (Arcade Racing)
Leaned on bike
Nintendo Power Pad
 Video Games - Early
(continued)
Nintendo Power Glove
Hand motion detection
Duck Hunt

Light sensing guns

Sega ActivatorFull body motion detection
Sega VR and Nintendo Virtual Boy

3D headsets
Video Games - Return of VR
Motion Detection
Nintendo Wiimote
PS Move
Microsoft Kinect
Nintendo 3DS

3D and AR
Other

Wii Fit pad

Rock Band and
Guitar Hero
Video Games - Near Future
Augmented Reality
3DS, Hololens
VR Headsets

Oculus Rift, Project

Morpheus
http
://www.wareable.com/headg
ear/the-best-ar-and-vr-he
adsets
Motion Detection

Virtuix Omni
https://youtu.be/aTtfAQEeA
 Augmented Reality
Applications
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QRQv74
J7oSk
Games
Design

Training

Visualization
 CAVE VR Applications
http://
news.ucsc.edu/2015/05/cave-lab.html

"This has applications for faculty in

computing, game design, psychology, the
arts, and a wide range of other fields.
Can study cognitive processing, assess

phobias, visualize large data sets, etc,

Forest fire simulation presented by Dr.

Harris
 Military Applications

http://
www.vrs.org.uk/virtual-reality-military/index.
html
Flight Simulation
Battlefield Simulation
Medic Training

Vehicle Simulation

Virtual Boot Camp

 Medical Applications

http://www.vrs.org.uk/virtual-reality-healthcare/
index.html
Surgical Fields - Training on models

instead of real people

Diagnostic tool, Robotic surgery

PTSD and Phobia Treatment

Place patients in controlled environments

Cognitive Behavioral Therapy Transform

negative beliefs into positive action

Patients may be more comfortable talking in
virtual environment
 Medical Applications
(continued)
Addiction Treatment
VR used for counseling
Display images in VR to use as
Hypnotherapy
Meant to relax patient and encourage
behavioral changes
VR for the disabled

Allow the disabled to explore world as

regular people
Test building accessibility for disabled
before construction
Virtual Reality and Education

http://www.vrs.org.uk/virtual-reality-educati
on/index.html
Able to present large amounts of

potentially complex data.

Especially useful for scenarios

and places students cannot

experience or see immediately
(astronomy, surgery)
Can tailor to specific learning styles
 Other Virtual Reality
Applications
Fashion
Virtual Heritage Sites (Stonehenge,

Archaeological digs, etc.)

Sports - Performance analysis, equipment

design
Engineering - Design, AR-assisted

Maintenance
Business - Training, 360-degree product

view
Construction - Building construction,

disaster test
Art
QUESTIONS
THANK YOU
 ADDITIONAL SLIDES
There are things we may not particularly
like about ourselves in normal life like
not being tall, athletic or creative as
wed like to be. But according to Brad
Paisley, you can be so much cooler
online in the virtual world.This is how: