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Jenis-jenis epilepsi
Jenis epilepsi Epilepsi umum Epilepsi parsial
Idiopatik (genetik) Epilepsi tidak sadar Epilepsi jinak
pada masa kanak- sebagian pada masa
kanak kanak-kanak
Epilepsi mioklonik
remaja
Epilepsi dengan
kejang grand mal
yang membangunkan
orang lain
Mode of action Inhibitor of GABA Opens postsynaptic Cl- Blocks voltage dependent Blocks voltage dependent
transminase and ion channels decreasing Na+ channels in neuronal Na+ channels in neuronal
glutamate decarboxylase Na+ dan Ca2+ influx cell membrane cell membrane
Dose (ADULT) 2-3x daily 600mg to 3g Can be given as single Can be given as single 2-3 x daily 600mg to 1,2g
total daily dose dose, eg 90 mg at night dose, eg 150-400 mg at total daily dose
night
Side effects Gastrointestinal upset, Sedation, depression, Gum hypertrophy, Gastrointestinal upset,
trombocytopenia, drug acne, coarsening of ataxia, skin rash,
behavioural
induced hepatitis, hair facial characteristics At agranulocytosis,
disturbances in
loss, tremor/chorea toxic levels: nystamus, antidiuretic effect
children, skin rashes ,
ataxia, diplopia,
withdrawal seizures
neuroathy