Wind Energy

By
ALTEM POWER LIMITED
 Defining Wind Power

Wind power is the conversion of wind energy into a useful form of energy,
such as electricity, using wind turbines

Wind energy systems convert the kinetic energy to more useful forms of
power

Wind energy continues to be the fastest growing Renewable Energy Source

with worldwide wind power installed capacity reaching 14,000 MW

Five nations Germany, USA, Denmark, Spain and India account for 80%
of the worlds installed wind energy capacity
 Why Renewable ?

Global climate change threatens our economy, national security and the physical landscape itself,
denying the urgency of global warming. That is why we cannot abandon the Kyoto Protocol,
which calls for industrialized nations to take the lead in reducing greenhouse gas emissions

Carbon credits are a key component of national and international attempts to mitigate the growth
in concentrations of greenhouse gases (GHGs). One Carbon Credit is equal to one ton of Carbon.
Carbon trading is an application of an emissions trading approach

The objective of the Kyoto climate change conference was to establish a legally binding
international agreement, whereby all the participating nations commit themselves to tackling the
issue of global warming and greenhouse gas emissions. The target agreed upon was an average
reduction of 5.2% from 1990 levels by the year 2012.
Kyoto Agreement Global Status

Countries Signed & ratified

Countries Signed & not yet ratified
Countries , not yet decided
Countries , no intention of signing
Types of Renewable Resources

8
 Comparison

Fossil Fuel Wind Energy

Have to be procured & made usable Usable as it exists
through laborious & environmentally
damaging process

Limited in reserves, expected to be Inexhaustible

exhausted in coming 60 years

Transportation required, for further

Use where it is available
processing exposing environment to
danger

Has Geo-Political implications Reduces our dependency on our

resulting in over-reliance on our natural security
energy security
Why Wind Energy ?

Most viable & largest renewable energy resource

Plentiful power source
Widely distributed & clean
Can get started with as small as 100-200 W
Produces no green house gas emissions
Low gestation period
No raw materials & fuels required
No pollution
No hassles of disposal of waste
Quick returns
Good alternative for conventional power plants
Wind Power In India

The development of wind power in India began in the 1990s, and has
significantly increased in the last few years. The "Indian Wind Turbine
Manufacturers Association (IWTMA) has played a leading role in promoting
wind energy in India

As of November 2008 the installed capacity of wind power in India was

9587.14 MW

Wind power accounts for 6% of India's total installed power capacity, and it
generates 1.6% of the country's power
India Wind Power
Density Map
 State Wise Wind Power Potential In India

Gross Installed
potential Technical potential capacity
State (MW) (MW) (MW)
Andhra Pradesh 8275 1750 121

Gujarat 9675 1780 376

Karnataka 6620 1120 688

Kerala 875 605 2

Madhya Pradesh 5500 825 53

Maharashtra 3650 3020 1242

Orissa 1700 680 2

Rajasthan 5400 895 386

Tamil Nadu 3050 1750 3148

West Bengal 450 450 2

Total (All India) 45195 12875 6018

Wind Power Potential In India

India ranks 4th in wind installation in the world

Is at par with World in terms of manufacturing facilities & technologies

Public sectors coming forward for investment

Wind power potential in the country is 45000MW

Present production is 8760MW

Ministry of new & Renewable Energy targets the 11th plan at 10500MW

Plan Objective is to attract new & large independent power producers to wind
sector.
State Level Incentives

Wheeling charge of mere 2 per cent

Uniform T&D loss of 5 per cent
Buy-back tariff of Rs 3.50 per unit with 15 paisa escalation for 13 years
Third party sale and self-use allowed
For evacuation arrangement (laying down high tension cables, feeder, sub-
station, etc),50 per cent money given as subsidy through green fund and rest
50 per cent as interest-free loan
No electricity duty levied for first 5 years from the date of commissioning of
the projects for captive consumption
Construction of approach roads to be fully funded through green fund
Diversion of forest land for wind
Few states giving sales tax incentive- Tamil Nadu, Andhra Pradesh,
Maharashtra
Central Level Incentives

80 per cent accelerated depreciation on wind farm equipment/devices

10 years tax holiday for wind farms

Custom duty exemption (Notification No. 21/2002-custom dated 01-03-2002)

Excise duty exemption (Notification No. 6/2002-

Central Excise and
amendments Thereof)
20% additional depreciation under new plant and machinery
Under RGGVY scheme 90% subsidy in case of rural electrification through
renewable energy.
Rural Electrification through Renewable Energy.
Types of Wind Turbine

Today's wind turbines are much more lightweight than the turbines used on
windmills of old. The wind turbine is usually standard in design, consisting of
two or more rotor blades. The energy output of a wind turbine is determined
largely by the length of the blades, which installers and engineers call
"sweep.
Majorly , there are three types:

Large or medium/ small wind turbines

Down or Up wind turbines
Horizontal or vertical access wind turbines
 Introduction to

ALTEM POWER LIMITED

Manufacturing Wind Turbines

 OBJECTIVE

TO DEVELOP BEST TECHNOLOGICAL WIND MILL AT

COMPETITIVE PRICE
 VISION

A DIVERSE, THRIVING & SUSTAINABLE NATURAL WORLD

MISSION

TO BE A MAJOR FORCE IN CONSERVING ECO-DIVERSITY

WORLD-WIDE
 Group Introduction

ALTEM formed because of the groups focus on Renewable Energy

Part of the group known in Indian Power Engineering Sector with interest in
renewable energy, power distribution & management equipment

The Group is a known name in power sector equipments

Well equipped with modern infrastructure & well qualified technicians

Introduction to ALTEM POWER

In collaboration with a major European company for manufacturing of wind

turbine generators

Research driven to provide good quality ,reliable , durable & cost effective
products

Core focus on customer service

Office connectivity for real time data and faster services

ALTEM Product Range

5
Technical Parameters (technical parameters may change due to continuous R&D)
Rated Power
(KW) 9 / 10 15 20 - 25 50

Rated Wind speed 12 12 12 12

(m/sec)
Number of Blades 2 2 2 3

Rotor dia
(Met) 6.5 9.5 12 18

Swept area (Sq

met) 30 58 113 226

Epoxy / Glass Epoxy / Glass Epoxy/Glass Epoxy / Glass

Blade material Fiber Fiber Fiber Fiber

Blade weight (approx)

(KGs) 44 64 80 122
Permanent Permanent Permanent Permanent
Type of Generator
Magnet Magnet Magnet Magnet

Geared / Direct
Transmission Drive direct Direct drive Direct drive
drive

Fixed / Tilting Fixed / Tilting Fixed / Tilting

Tower Tower Tower Tower Fixed
Type of Hub Fixed pitch Fixed pitch Fixed pitch Fixed pitch

Rotor speed at rated wind 150 100 108 250

speed (rpm)
Cut-in wind speed (m/sec) 2.5 2.5 3 3

Cut-off wind speed 25 25 25 25

(m/sec)
Control system PLC based PLC based PLC based PLC based

Approx Nacelle weight 700 1000 1400 2000

(KGs)

Annual Energy output KWH 23,000 38,500 64,000 1,28,000

(@ 6m/s)
Factors for setting up a Turbine

Ideal site requirements:

Wind Speed An annual mean wind speed of 5m/s or greater

Proximity to neighbors - More than 50 mt 100 mt from the nearest neighbor

property. This in effect eliminates many urban environment

Location - Good clear run of open ground without trees or building to the south
west, maximizing wind speed & minimizing turbulence.
Wind Turbine Towers as per site conditions

Small turbine towers - The case of small wind systems (more than a 1KW) is less simple,
with several types of towers and different heights and configurations: guyed towers and non-
guyed towers, cylindrical/pipe and lattice configurations, etc.
Their installation should be done a) far enough of obstructions, and on the top or on windy
hill sides: see Wind Turbines Location; b) with enough room to raise and lower the tower for
maintenance and stabilization
Guyed small cylindrical Towers - Many small wind turbines use narrow pole towers (pipe,
tubing) supported by guy wires. Its a cheap solution, though with some disadvantages: they
aren't easy climbable (for inspections or repairs) and require more land than self-supporting
towers, due to the guy wires.
Non-guyed cylindrical towers - Non-guyed tilt-up/cylindrical towers use pipe or tubing and
a self-supporting design. They do not use guy wires and have a small footprint. These
towers can include climbing pegs but are a relatively expensive type of tower.
Lattice configuration - Lattice towers use welded steel profiles and are a cheap and tested
solution. Most lattice towers arent guyed, but there are also guyed configurations: three
legged lattice structures suspended on all three sides by guy wires. They are usually
climbable.
Typical Block
Diagram
Obstacles Involved

Wind speed at the ground is near zero, and increases with height.

A 15m 18m tower will produce between 15%-25% more energy than a 12m
tower

Buildings, trees and other obstacles increase both surface roughness,

slowing the wind down, and cause turbulence, which significantly affects
turbine efficiency. This can cause more than a 50% energy loss

Dense urban areas suffer from low wind speeds due to high surface
roughness. Rooftops additionally suffer from turbulence
How to size a Battery Bank

Battery bank sizing can be one of the more complex and

important calculations in your system design. If the battery
bank is oversized, you risk not being able to keep it fully
charged; if the battery bank is sized too small, you won't
be able to run your intended loads for as long as you'd
planned.
Calculative Factors

Before tackling the calculations, start by identifying a few key pieces of

information:

of electricity usage per day

Number of Days of Autonomy

Depth of Discharge limit

Ambient temperature at battery bank

Step Process Example
1 Identify total daily use in Watt-hours (Wh) 6,000 Wh/day

2 Identify Days of Autonomy (backup days); multiply

Wh/day by this factor
3 Days of Autonomy:
6,000 x 3 = 18,000 W

3 Identify Depth of Discharge (DoD) and convert to a

decimal value. Divide result of Step 2 by this value
40% DoD:
18,000 / 0.4 = 45,000 W

4 Derate battery bank for ambient temperature effect.

Select the multiplier corresponding to the lowest
60 F. = 1.11
45,000 x 1.11 = 49,950 W
average temperature your batteries will be exposed
to. Multiply result from Step 3 by this factor. Result
is minimum Wh capacity of battery bank:
Temp. in [degrees] F. Factor
80+ 1.00
70 1.04
60 1.11
50 1.19
40 1.30
30 1.40
20 1.59

5 Divide result from Step 4 by system voltage. Result is

the minimum Amp-hour (Ah) capacity of your battery
49,950 / 48 = 1,040 Ah

bank.
Advantages of ALTEM Wind Turbine

Can be installed with less investment in comparison to high capacity turbines

Possibility of grid connected or stand alone (with battery bank) or hybrid with
solar/diesel
Installation possible in very limited space
Installation/maintenance does not require crane. This gives opportunity for
installation on mountains/hills
More than 50 types of towers can be designed as per clients site
requirements with fixed or tilting arrangement
Can be installed in premises of schools/college/hospital/warehouse/housing
colony & the likes.
Start up or cut in wind speed of 2.5m/sec
 ALTEMs Achievements

ISO Certified (see certificate attached)

CE Certified Products (see certificate attached)

Export of 25 KW to Italy
ISO Certified
CE Certification
Invest in a greener, brighter & safer tomorrow

Lets not blow our future

Thank You !!

by TEAM ALTEM