Seminar on

Motion
Sensor
Submitted To: Submitted By:
Ms. Neha Jain Arpita Patidar
Ms. Divya Bansal 13EGJCS709
Mr. Utsav Choudhary
 Content
Introduction
History
Types of Motion Sensor
Application
Advantages of Motion Sensor
Disadvantages of Motion Sensor
Future Scope
Conclusion
 Introduction
A motion sensor (or motion detector) is the
linchpin of our security system, because it's
the main device that detects when someone
is in your home when they shouldn't be.
A motion sensor uses one or multiple

technologies to detect movement in an area.

If a sensor is tripped, a signal is sent to your
security system's control panel, which
connects to your monitoring center, alerting
you and the monitoring center to a potential
threat in your home.
 Motion detection
Motion detection is the process of detecting a change
in position of an object relative to its surroundings or
the change in the surroundings relative to an object.

Motion can be detected by:

Infrared (Passive and active sensors)
Optics (video and camera systems)
Radio Frequency Energy (radar, microwave motion
detection)
Sound (microphones and acoustic sensors)
Vibration (seismic sensors)
 History
It depend on the type of sensor, for electric
thermostat, the inventor is Warren Johnson, and it is
used in 1883.
The motion sensor used for an alarm system came

about in the early part of the 1950s, and was the

invention of Samuel Bagno.
His device made use of ultrasonic frequencies as

well as the Doppler Effect.

Motion Sensor improved in world war II and then

used with mine.

In modern technology, it used at radar to track

enemy.
 Technological concept
Waves are send out through detector.
Once the waves hit an object, they are

bounced back to the detector.

Bounced waves are taken in and encoded.
The encoded info is then transmitted to the

decoder.
Information is then decoded.
Decoded info is used to activate device.
Technological
concept
 Types of Motion Sensor
Basically, there are many types of Sensors,
but the major ones are as mentioned below:
Active Sensors
Passive Infrared (PIR)
Micro Wave (MW)
Ultrasonic motion sensors
Dual Technology Motion Sensors
 Active Sensors
Active sensors emit a signal, typically an
burst of waves which is reflected by the
surroundings.
The reflected signal is received by the

sensor and takes necessary action.

When something moves within the area of

an active motion sensor, the change in

signal that is reflected to the sensor
activates the system.
 Active Sensors
The active sensor is one of the most
common and reliable sensors used in a
security system.
For example, when an automatic faucet

senses hands underneath

it, a device is signaled to
run water in the sink.
 Passive Infrared (PIR)
Passive Sensors are a type of motion sensor
that do not emit a signal, but instead detect
infrared radiation around the sensor.
As this sensor detects temperature

differences, it is well suited to detecting the

motion of people by their body
temperature.
Passive Infrared (PIR)
 Passive Infrared (PIR)
When a person or animal
moves through the area,
heat from the movement is
detected by the sensor,
which then activates the
system to which it is
connected.
Use as a human detection
sensor to automatically turn
lights on when a person is
present in a room and to
turn them off when nobody
is there.
 Micro Wave (MW)
Sends out microwave pulses and measures
the reflection off a moving object. They
cover a larger area than infrared sensors,
but they are vulnerable to electrical
interference and are more expensive.
Microwave motion sensor systems send out

microwaves that bounce off an object and

back to the sensor.
 Micro Wave (MW)
The sensor then reads the frequency of the
returning waves.
If an object is moving, the sensor receives

different microwaves than the ones it sent

out, signifying movement and setting off the
alarm.
 Ultrasonic motion sensing
Ultrasonic motion detectors use sound
waves to detect motion. If movement is
detected, the sound wave pattern is
disrupted and alarm is signaled.
It senses motion by

analyzing sound waves in

its environment.
These frequencies are generally inaudible to

humans and most animals and do not pass

through objects
 Dual Technology Motion
Sensors
Dual technology systems use a combination of
infrared and microwave motion sensor systems to
provide the most complete coverage available.

Using both forms of technology allows dual motion

sensor systems to reduce the occurrence of false
alarms by combining the microwave technologys
coverage range and the infrared technologys use of
heat sensing.

The dual technology system is rapidly gaining

popularity among homeowners and businesses alike.
 APPLICATIONS
Motion sensing is used in number of applications:
Leap Motion Controller.
Kinect 360.
Play Station Move Controller.
Automated lighting system
Security systems
Smart Floodlights
Radar Guns
Public Restrooms
Shopping Center
 Leap Motion Controller
The Leap Motion controller is a
smallUSBperipheral device which is designed to
be placed on a physical desktop, facing upward.
Using two monochromatic IR cameras and three
infraredLEDs, the device observes a roughly
hemispherical area, to a distance of about 1 meter
(3 feet).
The LEDs generate a 3D pattern of dots of IR
lightand the cameras generate almost 300 frames
per second of reflected data, which is then sent
through a USB cable to the host computer, where it
is analyzed by the Leap Motion controller software
 Kinect
Kinect(codenamed in development
asProject Natal) is a line ofmotion
sensinginput devicesbyMicrosoftforXbox
360and Xbox Onevideo game
consolesandWindowsPCs
It enables users to control and interact with

their console/computer without the need for

agame controller, through anatural user
interfaceusing gestures andspoken
commands
Kinect
CELL PHONES WITH MOTION
SENSORS
The motion sensor used
in mobile phones is
accelerometer which is a
complex motion sensor.
It translates motion into
action on the screen.
Accelerometers are used
in tablet computers and
digital cameras so that
images on screens are
always displayed
upright.
 Motion sensing in Games
Motion sensing technology
is an emerging technology
in Gaming.

Our focus technology will be Microsofts Xbox360

Kinect peripheral, which is the first demonstrator
of touch free motion sensing.

The primary innovation of Kinect (and the most

secretive) is the device that enables advanced
posture, gesture, facial, and voice recognition.
 Intelligent object recognition
One of the main features of the FIBARO
Motion Sensor is its excellent ability to
detect even the slightest motion; nothing
escapes its attention. All rooms are
different, you can also adjust the Motion
Sensors sensitivity to suit its location in the
house, your individual needs or a particular
situation.
Intelligent object recognition
 Advantages of Motion sensor
Saves time

Security

Easy to install

Saves energy

Powerful transmission
 Disadvantages of Motion
sensor
It might not cover a full room.
Things may trigger the motion detector that

you dont want to.

The set shutoff time of the motion sensor

may be too short (maybe only 30 seconds).

 Future scope
With the development of MEMS, it is
possible to make micro motion sensors that
are lightweight and affordable. It is possible
that we will see these sensors worn or even
sewn into clothes in which athletes could
examine their performance more closely or
allow nurses working at a distance to
monitor elderly people in their homes.
 Conclusion
Motion sensing, though important in
gaming, will ultimately make its biggest
impact in non-gaming applications.
It works which is good enough. It functions

in daytime just as it does at night.

 References
http://developer.android.com/guide/topics/s
ensors/sensors_motion.html
www.wikianswers.com/sensing
www.wikipedia/motionsensing
www.wisegeeks.com
www.howstufffworks.com
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