MOLECULAR

MEDICINE
Prof. Yuwono, MD., PhD.
University of Sriwijaya School of Medicine/
Dr. Moh. Hoesin General Hospital Palembang
E-mail: yuwonodr@gmail.com
 Learning Objectives
Student:
1. Understand the terminology of
Molecular Medicine
2. Understand the structure & function of
molecules esp. DNA & protein
3. Understand the mechanism of
genomics, transcriptomics,
proteomics & metabolomics
4. Understand the significance of
Molecular Medicine
What is Life?
Health,Fit, Endurance
Intellectual
 Mental -
Emotional
SPIRITUAL
Social
 Physical
Organization
 Bio-Molecules
Nucleic acids (DNA, RNA): Library of
life

Proteins: Workhorse of life

Fatty acids, carbohydrates, and other

supporting molecules
 Why do The Protein?

A polysaccharide molecule (red)a polymer chain of sugar

monomersbinds to the catalytic site of lysozyme and is
broken apart, as a result of a covalent bond-breaking
reaction catalyzed by the amino acids lining the groove.
 Proteins Functions

Structural
Enzymes
Information exchange (e.g., across cell
walls)
Transporting other molecules
(e.g.,oxygen to cells)
Activating-deactivating genes
Etc.
 Life as an Autocatalytic Process

Polynucleotides (nucleotide polymers) and proteins

(amino acid polymers) provide the sequence information
and the catalytic functions that servethrough a complex
set of chemical reactionsto bring about the synthesis of
more polynucleotides and proteins of the same types.
FROM DNA TO ANATOMY
DNA: Blue Print of Life
All Cells Store Their Genetic
Information in DNA

An egg cell.
The DNA of this single cell
contains the genetic
information needed to specify
construction of an entire
multi-cellular animal
 Cell Construction
Living cells: bioreactors with >2000
(mostly coupled) reactions
 DNA
Double helix
Hydrophilic
backbone
Deoxyribose
Phosphate
Hydrogen
bonds along
backbone
Universal of Life: DNA
Central Dogma:
From DNA to
Protein
 Control of Gene Expression

Regulation of gene transcription is essential for eukaryotes

Genomics to Metabolomics
(Phenomics)

DNA RNA Protein Phenotype

Phenotype

Structural Functional Genomics Proteomics Phenomics

Genomics (Transcriptomics)
 Molecular Technology: PCR

Agarose gel electrophoresis

Thermocycler

3-4 hours

The final product UV visualisation

Molecular Technology: Cloning
Molecular Technology: Cloning
Theory of Disease: Natural Selection

Malaria
Selection Infection

Human Genome Parasite Genome

Ovalocytosis Var Genes
Resistance Genes
Duffy Ag
Thallasemia
Host Response Selection
Protection
Kwiatkowski, 2000
TERIMA
KASIH