HAZARD

COMMUNICATIO
N

29 CFR
1910.1200
 OBJECTIVES
How The Worker Right To Know Law Affects
Schlumberger Workers
Location of the Written Hazard
Communication Program
How To Recognize and Evaluate Chemical
Hazards
What Are Labels and How Are They Used
How to Locate and Use Material Safety Data
Sheets
What Controls Should be Used When
Working With Chemical Hazards
 TOXICOLOGY

HOW CAN CHEMICALS

GET IN YOUR
BODY??
INJECTION
INGESTION
SKIN ABSORPTION
RESPIRATORY SYSTEM
 RESPIRATORY SYSTEM
THE RESPIRATORY SYSTEM IS THE MOST
IMPORTANT ROUTE OF ENTRY BECAUSE:
Large Surface Area
Alveoli Only 1 Cell Thick and Is
Surrounded by Blood Vessels (300
Million In an Average Person)
Always Breathing
 TOXICOLOGY
DOSE MAKES THE POISON
Routes Of Exposure
Inhalation
Skin absorption
Ingestion
Injection
Amount of Exposure
Duration of Exposure
TERMS
ppm - Parts Per Million
mg/m3 - milligrams per cubic meter
 LETHAL DOSE - LD50
THE LD50 IS THE AMOUNT OF A MATERIAL THAT,
WHEN ADMINISTRATED TO LABORATORY
ANIMALS, KILL HALF OF THEM. THE UNITS ARE IN
MILLIGRAMS OF THE SUBSTANCE ADMINISTERED
PER BODY WEIGHT OF THE ANIMAL EXPRESSED
IN KILOGRAMS (MG/KG).
 LETHAL CONCENTRATION - LC50
THE LC50 IS THE CONCENTRATION OF A MATERIAL
THAT, NORMALLY EXPRESS AS PARTS PER
MILLION (PPM) BY VOLUME, THAT WHEN
ADMINISTRATED TO LABORATORY ANIMALS, KILL
HALF OF THEM DURING THE PERIOD OF
EXPOSURE.
 TOXICOLOGY
DOSE - RESPONSE RELATIONSHIPS
Relationship Between the Dose (Amount) of a
Chemical and the Response That Is Produced by That
Chemical in Body
e.g., drinking alcohol relative to body weight and
metabolism

LD5
0

OSHA
Exposure
Limit
 DOSE - RESPONSE
RELATIONSHIPS
PELs/TLVs ARE BASED ON THE BEST AVAILABLE
DATA FROM:
Past Industrial Experience
Experimental Human Data
Experimental Animal Studies
Combination of All Three
PELs/TLVs
Refer to Airborne Concentrations of Substances and
Represent Conditions Under Which It Is Believed
That Nearly All Workers May Be Repeatedly Exposed
Day After Day Without Adverse Health Effects
 Time-Weighted Average
Concentration given for a normal 8-
hour
workday or Exposure
Short-Term 40-hour work week
Limit
Maximal Concentration to which workers
may be exposed for a period up to 15 minutes
C
o
n STEL
c
e
n
t
r TWA
a
t
i
o
n

Time
 Ceiling
Concentration that should not be
exceeded even instantaneously

C
o
n CEILING
c
e
n
t
r
a
t
i
o
n

Time
 TOXICOLOGY
Toxicity X Exposure (Dose) = Chemical Hazard

ACUTE- Involve Brief High Exposure With

Effects Which Occur Immediately Or Within A
Few Hours Of Exposure
CHRONIC- Involve Lower Levels Of Exposure
Over Long Periods Of Time (20-30 Years)
LOCAL - Damage at the Site of Exposure
SYSTEMIC- To Produce a Systemic Effect on the
Body, a Toxic Material Must Be Absorbed and
Distributed Inside the Body to an Organ Distant
From the Entry Point
TYPES OF CHEMICAL
HAZARDS
FLAMMABLE AND EXPLOSIVE
CHEMICALS
THE FIRE TETRAHEDRON

FUEL

OXYGEN

HEAT PROPER
MIXING

TAKE ANY COMPONENT AWAY AND

FIRE WILL NOT START
 FLAMMABLE AND EXPLOSIVE CHEMICALS

PERCENTAGE IN AIR

100%

75%

50%

13%

2.5%
0%
In this example, 2.5% is the Lower Explosive Limit (LEL) and 13%
is the Upper Explosive Limit (UEL) for Acetone
 CORROSIVES
ROUTES OF EXPOSURE
INHALATION, SKIN/EYE CONTACT, AND INGESTION
HOW DO THEY INJURE?
DIRECT DAMAGE DUE TO pH
ACIDS - pH < 4.0
e.g., Hydrochloric and Sulfuric Acid
CAUSTICS pH >10.5
e.g., Sodium Hydroxide

pH SCALE
ACID NEUTRAL BASE
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14
 IRRITANTS
and SENSITIZERS
IRRITANTS
Burns or Irritates Eyes, Nose, Skin,
Mouth, or Lungs etc.
Acid Mist, Ammonia
SENSITIZERS
Causes Allergic Type Response After First
Exposure to the Chemical
After Initial Exposure It Takes Only a
Fraction of the Exposure to Elicit an
Allergic Response, e.g., Isocyanates
 TOXIC MATERIALS
ASPHYXIANTS
Simple Asphyxiant - Suffocates by Displacing
Oxygen, e.g., Nitrogen and Carbon Dioxide
Chemical Asphyxiants- Suffocates by Not Allowing the
Uptake of Oxygen in the Lungs, e.g., Carbon
Monoxide and Hydrogen Sulfide
NARCOTICS/ANESTHETICS
Depress Central Nervous System Functions
Symptoms Such As Lightheadedness, Fatigue up
to Unconsciousness and Death
Most Organic Solvents Are in This Category
 TOXIC MATERIALS
TARGET ORGAN EFFECTS
Act by causing damage to specific organs or
organ systems
Liver - Hepatotoxins, e.g., Carbon Tetrachloride
Kidneys - Nephrotoxins, e.g., Chromium
Neurotoxins-Central Nervous System e.g.,
Mercury
Cardiac - Heart, e.g., Methylene Chloride
Respiratory - Lungs, e.g., Silica
Reproductive System, e.g., Lead
Blood Forming Tissues, e.g., Benzene
 TOXIC MATERIALS
MUTAGENS
Causes Change in the Genetic Code
Such Changes May Be Inherited If Damage
Occurs to the Sperm or Egg
Lead and Benzene Are Examples
TERATOGENS
Means Monster Making
Causes Damage to Developing Fetus
Ethyl Alcohol (Drinking) and Radiation Are
Examples
 CARCINOGEN
CARCINOGEN IS ANOTHER WORD FOR
CANCER
These Substances Cause or Promote
the Growth of Cells
Mechanisms Are Not Well Understood
Most Carcinogens Are Site or Tissue
Specific
Vinyl Chloride causes liver cancer
Asbestos causes lung cancer
Benzene causes bone marrow cancer
Ultraviolet light causes skin cancer
 HAZARD
COMMUNICATION

29 CFR 1910.1200
Bhopal, India December 3rd,
1984

METHYL ISOCYANATE
Extremely Toxic
Very Volatile
Heavier than air
 REQUIREMENTS FOR
SCHLUMBERGER
WRITTEN PROGRAM
CHEMICAL INVENTORY
LABELING
MATERIAL SAFETY DATA SHEETS (MSDSs)
TRAINING
 WRITTEN PROGRAM

THE WRITTEN PROGRAM MUST BE MADE

AVAILABLE UPON REQUEST
LOCATION OF MSDSs AND INVENTORY
DEFINES RESPONSIBILITY
 HAZARD
DETERMINATION
MIXTURES OF MATERIALS WILL BE EVALUATED AS
FOLLOWS AND DETERMINED TO BE HAZARDOUS:
Based on Test Data for the Mixture As a Whole
Based on Data for Components Comprising One
Percent or Greater of the Mixture
If Carcinogenic Components Comprise 0.1 Percent or
Greater of the Mixture
If Any Component of a Mixture Could Be Released in
Concentrations Exceeding an Established Permissible
Exposure Limit (PEL) or Threshold Limit Value (TLV)
or Could Pose a Health Hazard to Employees
CHEMICAL INVENTORY
MSDS Product Name Major Chemicals MSDS
NUMBER DATE
Stabilizing Varnish Ammonium 8/22/98
100 Hydroxide
SV
Buckeye Propylene Glycol 1/1/98
101 Shopmanster Phenyl Ether
Transparent White Ethanol 9/22/02
102
All Solvent Based Ethanol 8/21/02
103 Inks Isopropanol

All Solvent Safe Ammonium 1/26/01

104 (Water Based Inks) Hydroxide
Isopropanol Isopropanol 5/15/92
105
Ammonia Ammonium 1/21/91
106 Hydroxide
Special Release Isopropanol 1/27/01
107 Additive
Super Trans Varnish Methanol 712/01
108
All Solvent Safe Isopropanol 9/27/99
109 Fluorescent Colors
Special Blend Ammonium 7/7/01
110 Hydroxide
 LABELING
PURPOSE IS TO PROVIDE IMMEDIATE
VISUAL LEARNING
LABELS SHALL NOT BE DEFACED
LABELING SYSTEMS CAN BE USED
MANUFACTURER, IMPORTER OR
DISTRIBUTOR MUST PROVIDE:
Name and Address or Other
Responsible Party
All Appropriate Hazard Warnings
Identity of the Hazardous
Substance and Its Constituents
LABELING

NATIONAL
FIRE
PROTECTION
ASSOCIATION
NATIONAL FIRE PROTECTION
ASSOCIATION
NUMBERS REPRESENT THE
DEGREE OF HAZARD
LABELING

HMIS
HMIS
WHMIS
WHMIS
LABELING
 MATERIAL SAFETY
DATA SHEETS
RESPONSIBILITY OF THE CHEMICAL
MANUFACTURER AND IMPORTER TO
DEVELOP
EACH EMPLOYER WILL HAVE A MSDS FOR
EACH CHEMICAL
EACH EMPLOYER MUST MAKE THEM
ACCESSIBLE
THEY MUST BE IN ENGLISH
MUST LIST INGREDIENTS AT THE
FOLLOWING THRESHOLD QUANTITIES:
1% Or Greater for Hazardous
Ingredients
0.1% Or Greater for Carcinogens
NO BLANK CATEGORIES ON THE MSDSs
 SECTION 1 CHEMICAL PRODUCTS AND COMPANY

IDENTIFICATION
Provides the chemical name on the label to the MSDS. Also listed is the name address
and the phone number of the company manufacturer or distributor who provides the
chemical.

SECTION 2 COMPOSITION/INFORMATION OF INGREDIENTS

Identifies all hazardous ingredients, OSHA permissible exposure limits (PEL) & ACGIH
(American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists) Threshold Limit Values
(TLVs).

SECTION 3 HAZARDS IDENTIFICATION

Information about the health effects of exposure. Description of the material
appearance,potential symptoms & health effects, routes of entry & target organs.

SECTION 4 FIRST AID MEASURES

Provides first aid procedures for each route of entry.
SECTION 5 FIRE FIGHTING MEASURES
Information on the explosive & fire properties, extinguishing agents and items and
general fire-fighting information.
 SECTION 6 ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES

Information on material spill response, containment and required spill response PPE.

SECTION 7 HANDLING AND STORAGE

Information about chemical storage & handling and measures to prevent overexposure.

SECTION 8 EXPOSURE CONTROLS / PERSONAL

PROTECTION
Engineering controls & personal protective equipment to reduce chemical exposure.
SECTION 9 PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES

This section tells about the physical and chemical properties of the chemical.
Characteristics include appearance, odor, physical state, pH, vapor pressure, vapor
density, boiling point, freezing/melting point, solubility in water and specific gravity or
density.

SECTION 10 STABILITY AND REACTIVITY

Information All potentially hazardous chemical reactions are identified in this section.
Includes information on chemical stability, conditions to avoid,
incompatibility,hazardous decomposition and hazardous polymerization.
 SECTION 11 TOXICOLOGICAL INFORMATION
Provides information such as acute data, carcinogen potential, reproductive effects,
target organ effects, and other physiological aspects.

SECTION 12 ECOLOGICAL INFORMATION

Information concerning the environmental impact if a chemical is released into the
environment.

SECTION 13 DISPOSAL CONSIDERATIONS

Information concerning proper chemical disposal, recycling and reclamation.
SECTION 14 TRANSPORTATION INFORMATION
Shipping information includes the hazardous materials description, hazard class and the
identification number (UN or NA numbers).

SECTION 15 REGULATORY INFORMATION

Provides information about applicable federal regulations. Examples include OSHA,
TSCA (Toxic Substance Control Act), CERCLA (Comprehensive Environmental Response,
Compensation, and Liability Act), SARA Title III (Superfund Amendments and
Reauthorization Act).

SECTION 16 OTHER INFORMATION

Provides other information about the chemical such as hazard ratings, preparation and
revisions of the MSDS, and label information.
 HAZCOM

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