Seminar By:

AKSHAY METKARI
 CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION

WHAT IS TRANSMISSION ?

TYPES OF AUTOMATIC TRANSMISSION

TRANSMISSION COMPONANTS

CLUTCH PACKS

BANDS

TORQUE CONVERTER

HYDRAULIC SYSTEM

COMPUTER CONTROLS

AUTOMATIC TRANSMISSION CARS IN INDIA

CONCLUSION
 INTRODUCTION
The modern automatic transmission is by far, the
most complicated mechanical component in todays
automobile.
Automatic transmissions contain Mechanical
systems, Hydraulic systems, Electrical systems and
Computer controls, all working together in perfect
harmony which goes virtually unnoticed until there
is a problem.
 WHAT IS TRANSMISSION ?
The transmission is a device that is connected
to the back of the engine and sends the
power from the engine to the drive wheels

Purpose of the transmission is to provide high

torque at the time of starting the engine, hill
climbing , accelerating and pulling a road.
TYPES OF AUTOMATIC TRANSMISSION

1. Rear wheel drive

2. Front wheel drive

 REAR WHEEL DRIVE

The transmission is usually mounted to

the back of the engine.

Power flow on this system is simple

and straight forward going from the
engine, through the torque converter,
then through the transmission and drive
shaft until it reaches the final drive
where it is split and sent to the two
rear wheels.
Example of rear wheel Alpha Romeo
Alfeta in early 70s
REAR WHEEL DRIVE
 FRONT WHEEL DRIVE
On a front wheel drive car, the transmission is usually
combined with the final drive to form what is called a
transaxle.

Transaxle is a device set up in the transmission gear box,

clutch, final drive, combined into a single unit.

. Front-wheel-drive layouts are those in which the front

wheels of the vehicle are driven. The most popular layout
used in cars today is the front-engine, front-wheel drive,
with the engine in front of the front axle, driving the front
wheels.

This layout is typically chosen for its compact packaging.

Front axles are connected directly to the transaxle and

provide power to the front wheels.
FRONT WHEEL DRIVE
P = Park

R = Reverse

N = Neutral

D = Drive
TRANSMISSION COMPONENTS

Planetary Gear Sets

Hydraulic System
OilPump
Valve Body
Clutches
Band
Sealsand Gaskets
Torque Converter
Governor
Computer Controls
 PLANETARY GEAR SETS
A gear set in which all of the gears
are in one plane, grouped around each
other like the planets around the sun.

The central gear is called the "sun

gear". In mesh with it is a circular
grouping of gears, called "planet
gears", mounted on a rotating carrier.

The planet gears also engage teeth on

the inner periphery of the "ring gear".

By holding any one of the three gear

elements motionless, different ratios
can be produced between the other
two. Planetary gear sets are common in
automatic transmissions.
 CLUTCH PACKS
Aclutchis a mechanical
device which provides for
the transmission of power
(and therefore usually
motion) from one component
(the driving member) to
another (the driven
member).
the simplest application
clutches are employed in
devices which have two
rotating shafts.
 TORQUE CONVERTER
Torque converter is a
form of fluid coupling.
It uses a fluid and
vaned rotors to
transmit power
between shafts. The
torque converter is
filled with ATF.
When the engine
runs, power flows
from the crankshaft
through the fluid to
Torque converter 3D animation.mp4

the transmission input

HYDRAULIC SYSTEM
The Hydraulic system is a complex maze of
passages and tubes that sends transmission
fluid under pressure to all parts of the
transmission and torque converter
It works with some components.

Oil Pump
Valve Body
 GEAR PUMP
OIL PUMP

Produce all the oil

pressure that is
required in the
transmission

The oil is then sent, under

pressure to the pressure
regulator,
the valve body and the rest
of the
components, as required.
 VALVE
BODY
The brain of the
automatic
transmission
Contains a maze of
channels and passages
that direct hydraulic fluid
to the numerous valves
These valves activate the
appropriate clutch pack
or band servo to smoothly
shift to the appropriate
gear for each driving
situation.
COMPUTER CONTROLS
The computer uses sensors on the engine and
transmission to detect such things as throttle
position, vehicle speed, engine speed, engine load,
brake pedal position, etc. to control exact shift
points as well as how soft or firm the shift should
be. Once the computer receives this information, it
then sends signals to a solenoid pack inside the
transmission
 AUTOMATIC TRANSMISSION CARS IN INDIA

Maruti celerio : 6000 Honda city :

rpm 6600rpm
Petrol, Automatic, 23.1 Petrol, Automatic, 18
kmpl kmpl

Hyundai grand i10 : Volkswagen Vento :

6000rpm 5250rpm
 CONCLUSION
Automatic transmission thus eliminates the tedious task of
constant shift of gears. Due to the addition of fuel pump,
valves etc. extra power is required to operate this systems
which is taken from the engine. Thus, this makes automatic
transmission less efficient then the manual transmission.