Ground Plan of a Gothic Cathedral: Chartres

Robert de Luzarches, Thomas de Cormont,

and Renaud de Cormont
East facade of Amiens Cathedral
Amiens, France
begun 1220
Nave
of Salisbury Cathedral
Salisbury, England
1220-1258
Plan of the choir
Vaults of the ambulatory and
radiating chapels of the choir
Abbey Church of Saint-Denis
Saint Denis, France
1140-1144
West façade of Saint-Maclou
Rouen, France
ca. 1500-1540
North transept of the
Abbey Church of Saint-
Denis showing:
A)tower
B)Double Span Flying
Buttresses
C)Gothic rose window
with tracery
D)Lancet windows
 Flying Buttresses, Notre Dame, Paris

The flying buttress transfers the thrust of the stone roof  from the thin nave wall downwards and outwards, enabling the architect to open up
the walls into huge stained- glass panels.
Rose Window and lancets
north transept of Chartres Cathedral
Chartres, France
ca. 1220
stained glass
rose approximately 43 ft. in diameter
ISSEMINATION OF GOTHIC ARCHITECTURE

Central portal of the West façade of

Amiens showing:
A)Gable
B)pointed archivolt
C)tympanum
D)lintel
E)trumeau
F)canopy above a carved cornerpiece
G)jambs
H)socles
Royal Portal, west facade
Chartres Cathedral
Chartres, France
ca. 1145-1155
Death of the Virgin
tympanum of left doorway, south transept
Strasbourg Cathedral
Strasbourg, France
ca. 1230
Saint Theodore
jamb statue, Porch of the Martyrs
South transept of Chartres Cathedral
Chartres, France
ca. 1230
SCULPTURE

Gargoyles and marmosets

Notre Dame

Pierrefont
LATE GOTHIC PERIOD
The Late Gothic is the bridge between the Middle Age and the Renaissance. The Crusades
and trade that followed from them brought an influx of Byzantine art and artists to western
Europeans. This influence appears strongly in the emotionalism of a large wooden crucifixes
and icons

PAINTING
In Flanders, two brothers, Jan and
Hubert Van Eyck, were working during
the first part of the 15th century. They
were the first to make use of
atmosphere in their paintings. The
picture The Arnolfini Portrait is by Jan,
the more famous of the brothers. This
little picture is one of the earliest to
give us the feeling that the figures are
standing in space.
Romanesque in Italy

Cathedral Group at Pisa

This group of buildings, built from 1053 to 1272 at Pisa, in Italy, includes a campanile (bell tower), better known as the Leaning Tower,
rear right; a cathedral, center; and a baptistery, left. The tiers of open colonnades (series of columns) throughout the group are characteristic
of the Romanesque style of architecture, which preceded the Gothic style in western Europe. The campanile began leaning during construction
due to the settling of the foundation.
 Classical Orders
The three classical systems of architecture—called orders—were revived and
extended during the Italian Renaissance. Pictured here, left to right, are the Doric,
Ionic, and Corinthian orders.
EARLY RENASSANCE ARCHITECTURE

Duomo, Florence, Italy

Florence, located in north central Italy, is famous for being the birthplace of the Renaissance. The Renaissance, a period that began in 1300 and lasted 300
years, attracted some of the greatest artists, writers, and sculptors in history to Florence. The eight-sided dome of the cathedral known as the Duomo was
designed by Filippo Brunelleschi and completed in 1436.
EARLY RENAISSANCE SCULPTURE

David, by Donatello
Italian sculptor Donatello executed his David, the first
nude statue of the Renaissance, about 1430-1435. This
nearly life-size bronze image of the biblical hero was
also the first statue since classical antiquity to be cast
in the round. Its realism marked a departure from the
Ghiberti’s Gates of Paradise
conventions of Gothic sculpture, which mostly
The Gates of Paradise are bronze doors created by
produced rigid, columnar figures.
Italian Renaissance sculptor Lorenzo Ghiberti between
1425 and 1452 for the east entrance to the baptistery of
the Florence Cathedral in Italy.

The Sacrifice of Isaac (1401-1402) is a gilt

bronze relief by the Italian Renaissance
sculptor Filippo Brunelleschi. A
competition to design door panels for the
baptistery of Florence was the impetus for
this piece. The relief is attached to a wood
panel shaped like a Gothic quatrefoil,
which was a requirement of the
competition.
RENAISSANCE PAINTING
GIOTTO - The 14th century Florentine painter is often considered the forerunner of
Renaissance painting

Ascension by Giotto
Italian painter Giotto
dedicated an early 13th-
century fresco cycle in
the Scrovegni Chapel in
Padua, Italy, to the life of
Jesus Christ. This panel
showing the ascension of
Jesus is taken from the
New Testament account
in the Acts of the
Apostles. Christ ascends
into heaven on a cloud,
hidden from the apostles
below. Two men in white
robes then
announce to the apostles
that Christ will one day
return to Earth.
 Madonna and Child, tempera on wood by Italian
artist and monk Fra Filippo Lippi, was painted about
1455. It is an example of Renaissance painting, in
which layers of transparent paint are built up slowly
to achieve a luminous effect. The deep space in the
background is also typically Renaissance; in this case,
the landscape is probably the Arno River valley in
Italy.
Masaccio’s Expulsion from Paradise
Expulsion from Paradise (about 1427) is one of six frescoes painted by
Masaccio for the Brancacci Chapel in Santa Maria del Carmine,
Florence, Italy. The fresco was influential for its realism, especially the
simplicity and three-dimensionality of the figures, and for the
dramatic depiction of the plight of Adam and Eve.
PIERO della FRANCESCA SANDRO BOTTICELLI

Federigo da Montefeltro
Italian Renaissance artist Sandro Botticelli painted La Primavera (Spring) about 1478 for
the Medici family. It now hangs in the Uffizi Gallery in Florence, Italy. The painting’s visual
appeal lies in a sensual interplay of shape, color, and rhythm, but interpretations of its
meaning derive from Neoplatonic philosophy and Renaissance symbolism.
 Venus of Urbino was painted by the Renaissance artist Titian (Tiziano Vecellio) in 1538. The pose was taken from an earlier painting by
Giorgione and is a re-creation of the classical Greek nude. This painting embodies the rich color and tone for which Titian was famous; its
pictorial composition is flawless.
 Mona Lisa (1503-1506), painted by the Italian artist Leonardo
da Vinci, was also known as La Gioconda, possibly referring to
the subject’s husband, banker Zanobi del Giocondo

Leonardo da Vinci was known not

only as a masterful painter but as an
architect, sculptor, engineer, and
scientist. His pursuit of knowledge
was relentless and his discoveries left
lasting changes in the fields of art and
science. With his sophisticated skills
and love for learning, Leonardo was
the quintessential Renaissance man.
He painted The Last Supper between
1495 and 1497.
Italian Renaissance artist Michelangelo painted the Sistine Chapel ceiling frescoes
between 1508 and 1512. The frescoes are his interpretation of the biblical book of
Genesis, the story of the creation of the world.
 Italian artist Leonardo da Vinci’s The Last Supper (about 1495-1497) decorates the walls at the monastery of the church of Santa Maria delle
Grazie in Milan, Italy. The figure of Christ forms the calm center of the painting, while the disciples seated to his right and left respond in agitation
to his announcement that “One of you shall betray me.” The fourth figure from the left end is Judas, who betrays Christ and is shown pulling away
from him in the painting.
 Works of leonardo da vinci

Bust of Flora Flying machine Vitruvian Man

c. 1487 1492
1510s
Metalpoint, pen and ink Pen, ink, watercolour and
Wax, height 67,5 cm
on paper, 235 x 176 mm metalpoint on paper, 343 x
Staatliche
Insritut de France, Paris 245 mm
Museen,Berlin Gallerie dell'Accademia,
Venice
 The School of Athens (1510-1511) is one of several frescoes that Italian Renaissance artist
Raphael painted in the Vatican Palace’s Stanza della Segnatura. The fresco depicts ancient
Greek philosophers and scholars, such as Plato and Aristotle (center). The work is considered
a masterpiece in the use of perspective and in the portrayal of the artistic ideals of the High
Madonna of the Goldfinch (1505) by the Italian Renaissance Renaissance.
artist Raphael is an early example of a series of Madonnas
painted by the artist throughout his life. Leonardo da Vinci’s
influence on Raphael can be seen in the way the faces are
depicted and in the use of chiaroscuro (although Raphael’s
handling of dark and light is subtler than Leonardo’s).
ARTISTS OF THE HIGH RENAISSANCE

David, a marble sculpture by the Italian artist

Michelangelo, was carved between 1501 and
1504. Unlike earlier versions of David, in which Pietà (1497-1500, Saint Peter’s
the hero is depicted as triumphant over Basilica, Vatican City), created by
Goliath, this David waits for his enemy, body
Michelangelo in his early twenties
centered but tense. This piece is influenced by
the classical nudes of the Greeks but is more
emotionally powerful.
WORKS OF MICHAEL ANGELO

The ceiling
1508-12
Fresco
Cappella Sistina, Vatican
 THE CEILING’S CLOSEUPS

Sacrifice of Noah (with ignudi Creation of Eve (with ignudi and

Drunkenness of Noah
and medallions) medallions)
1509
1509 1509-10
Fresco, 170 x 260 cm
Fresco Fresco
Cappella Sistina, Vatican
Cappella Sistina, Vatican Cappella Sistina, Vatican

The Deluge The Fall and Expulsion from Garden of Eden

1508-09 1509-10
Fresco, 280 x 570 cm Fresco, 280 x 570 cm
Cappella Sistina, Vatican Cappella Sistina, Vatican
THE RENAISSANCE IN FRANCE

Louvre in Paris.
Former royal palace, built 1546-1999. Nowadays museum.
Notre Dame in Paris.
• Books done in the most fancy way were called 'Illuminated
Manuscripts.'
• Illuminated because it seemed light was coming from them,
and manuscripts because they were all one of a kind
 Works of breugel

The Fall of the Rebel

Angels
1562
Oil on oak, 117 x 162
cm
Musées Royaux des
Beaux-Arts, Brussels

Landscape with the Fall of The Tower of Babel

Icarus 1563
c. 1555 Oil on oak panel, 114 x
Oil on canvas, mounted on 155 cm
wood, 73,5 x 112 cm Kunsthistorisches
Musées Royaux des Beaux- Museum, Vienna
Arts, Brussels
Dulle Griet (Mad Meg)
By; Peter Bruegel
 WORKS OF ARCIMBOLDO

The Vegetable Gardener

c.1590
Oil on wood Water
Museo Civico Ala Ponzone, Cremona, 1566
Italy. Oil on wood
Kunsthistorisches Museum,
Vienna, Austria.
 WORKS OF ARCIMBOLDO

Vertumnus Flora
1590-1591 c.1591
Oil on wood Oil on wood
Skoklosters Slott, Balsta, Private collection, Paris,
Sweden France
Rosso Fiorentino works:

“Moses Defending the

Daughters of Jethroby
Rosso Fiorentino (c.1523) “Rosso Fiorentino. Deposition.
at the Uffizi Gallery, 1521. Oil on wood. 375 × 196
Florence.” cm. Pinacoteca Comunale di
Volterra, Italy”
Jacopo da Pontormo works:

“Visitation, 1514-16; “Joseph in Egypt, 1515- “The Deposition from

Fresco; 392 x 337 cm; 18; Oil on wood; 96 x the Cross, 1525-
SS. Annunziata, 109 cm; National 1528.”
Florence” Gallery, London”