Ossa

Axiale

cranium Columna Costae

vertebrale -sternum
 The vertebral formula
C T L S Cy (Ca)
Horse 7 18 6 5 15-21
Bovine 7 13 6 5 18-20
Please remember that the sum of cervical
bones for every mammals should be
7(Rata-rata hewan menpunyai jumlah
tukang leher 7.)
 Ossa axialis
vertebrae coccygealis
sacralis
lumbalis
cervical thoracalis

craniu
m
costae

sternum
Cavum on the ossa cranii

Cavum
orbital

Cavum Cavum
nasi tymphanic
cranium

Cavum
cranii Cavum
oris
 Cavum in the cranium
Cavum orbita Cavum = cavity

Cavum cranii
Cavum nasi
Cavum oris

Cavum tympani
 Facies articularis
Eminentia
Cavitas
Condylus
Cavity encloses
Caput Processus Location of
fovea Tuber origo/insertio
organ Tuberositas
muscles
cavum Protuberantia
Tuberulum
Spina

structure Location of
Hole for
on the Crista origo/insertio
transmits foramen muscles
vessels,n bones linea

Canalis Fossa Indentation

sulcus Impressio by pressure
close/open Incissura
canal Fissura
hiatus

notch, space
 Cranium goat

O
SS
A
OSSA FACIEI

CR
AN
II
OSSA MANDIBULAE (lower jaw)
OSSA CRANII BOVINE
INTERPA
FRONTALE RIETALE

PARIETALE

TEMPORALE

OCCIPITALE
 TODAY TOPICS
Os occipitale
Os sphenoidale
Os ethmoidale
Os interparietal
Os frontale
Os parietale
Os temporale
OSSA CRANII bovine
INTERPARIETALE
ETHMOIDALE

BASIS
OCCIPITALE

SPHENOIDALE
 OCCIPITAL BONE
Form the ventral part only of the caudal
surface of the skull.
Separated from the highest part, the
intercornual protuberance or frontal
eminence, by the parietal and interparietal
bones.
protuberancia occipital externa for
attachment of the nuchal ligament.
Basis OCCIPITALE BOVINE

TUBERCULUM
MUSCULARIS
FORAMEN LACERUM HORSE

Foramen Lacerum

In the lateral borders of occipital bone,

Absent in Bovine
 OCCIPITALE BOVINE
CRISTA SAGITALIS
EXTERNA

LINEA/CRISTA NUCHALIS

CRISTA OCCIPITALIS
EXTERNA

PROCESSUS JUGULARIS
FOSSA CONDYLARIS

CONDYLUS OCCIPITALE FORAMEN MAGNUM

PROTUBERANTIA OCCIPITALIS EXTERNA
HORSE

OS VOMER
 OS SPHENOIDALE

SELLA TURSICA
SULCUS CHIASMATIC

PROCESSUS PTERYGOIDEUS
 FORAMEN AT OS SPHENOIDALE
BOVINE
FORAMEN OPTICUS

FOR. ORBITOROTUNDUM

FORAMEN OVALE
FORAMEN ALARE HORSE

Foramen Alare
OS ETHMOIDALE BOVINE
 ETHMOID BONE
Has an extensive perpendicular plate.
The labyrynths consists of five
endoturbinates and eighteen
ectoturbinates.
The largest ethmoturbinate is so extensive
as to be term a third or middle nasal
concha.
 LABYRINTUS ETHMOIDALE
LAMINA CRIBROSA
PARS PERPENDICULARIS
FORAMINA CRIBROSA

LABYRINTHUS
ENDOTURBINALIA

ECTOTURBINALIA
 OS INTERPARIETALE
depan

depan

Single bone, is centrally placed between the squamous part of

the occipital and the parietal bones
OS INTERPARIETALE BOVINE
PROCESSUS INTERPARIETALE DOG
OS FRONTALE DORSAL BOVINE

SINUS FRONTALIS CAUDALIS

LINEA TEMPORALIS SEPTA

TRANSVERSUM
SINUSUUM
SINUS FRONTALIS
FRONTALIS
ROSTRALIS

OS FRONTAL FORMING ABOUT LENGTH OF THE SKULL

PARS TEMPORALE OS FRONTALand FOSSA TEMPORALE
BOVINE
PARS TEMPORALE Os
LINEA
frontale TEMPORALE
FOSSA
TEMPORALE

Crista orbitotemporale
Planum OS FRONTALE BOVINE
Planum parietale OSSIS FRONTALIS

planum temporale
OSSIS FRONTALE

ARCUS
ZYGOMATICUS
 OS FRONTALE PROTUBERANTIA
INTERCORNUALE

PROCESSUS ZYGOMATICUS OSSIS FRONTALIS

PROCESSUS
CORNUALIS
OS FRONTALE bovine DORSAL

SULCUS/CANALIS
SUPRAORBITALIS

MOST OF THE FOREHEAD IS FORMED BY OS FRONTAL

OS FRONTALE INTERNA
FOR. SUPRAORBITALE

FOSSA GLANDULA LACRIMALE

IMPRESSIONES DIGITATAE
OS FRONTALE of the DOG
Proc. Zygomaticus ossis frontale
CRISTA TEMPORALIS

ARCUS ZYGOMATICUS vertical is not developed properly

FORAMEN SUPRA ORBITALE absent
os parietale HORSE
LINEA TEMPORALIS CRISTA SAGITALIS EXTERNA
 os parietale HORSE
PLANUM PARIETALE LINEATEMPORALIS
OS PARIETALE
OS FRONTALE PLANUM TEMPORALE
OS PARIETALE
OS PARIETALE bovine

PLANUM TEMPORALE
OS PARIETALE
OS PARIETALE DOG
OS PARIETALE

Form the greater part of the roof of the cranium

FACIES CEREBRALIS

IMPRESSIO DIGITATAE
 OS TEMPORAL
Forms the greater part of the lateral wall of of the
cranium.
dorsal: os parietal
ventral : os basisphenoid
caudal : os occipital
cranial : frontal
Consists of three distinct parts, squamous,
tympanic and petrous.
 squamousa pars os temporal
A shell-like plate with two surface and four
borders.
cerebral surface : concave and is largely
overlapped by the surrounding bones, but
its central part is free and presents digital
impressions and vascular grooves.
temporal surface: convex, enters into the
formation of the temporal fossa.
 Petrous part of temporal
irregular in shape
Between the occipital caudally and the
parietal rostrodorsally, the tympanic part
laterorostrally and is overlapped by the
squamous part of the temporal laterally.
 Tympanic part
Lateral to the petrous portion and present:
osseus external acousticus meatus ;
tympanic bulla (poorly developed
eminence in the horse); processus
muscularis
 OS TEMPORALE

Pars squamosa

Pars tympanica
Forms the greater parts of the lateral wall of the cranium
OS TEMPORALE
Processus zygomaticus
FACIES ARTICULARIS TEMPORALE

FACIES
ARTICULARIS
 OS TEMPORALE DOG

MEATUS ACUSTICUS
INTERNUS

CRISTA TEMPORALIS

BULLA TYMPHANICA
MEATUS ACUSTICUS EXTERNUS
 PARS TYMPHANICUS DAN MASTOIDEUS
OS TEMPORALE BOVINE

PROCESSUS MUSCULARIS

PROCESSUS STYLOIDEUS
BULLA TYMPHANICA
PARS TYMPHANICUS AND MASTOIDEUS
OS TEMPORALE BOVINE

PROCESSUS MASTOIDEUS
OS TEMPORALE HORSE
PARS SQUAMOSA
PARS PETROSA

Meatus acusticus internus

PARS PETROSA
 PLANUM TEMPORALE HORSE
OS TEMPORALE OS PARIETALE

OS FRONTALE
FOSSA TEMPORALE BOVINE
Os Os parietale
frontale

Os
 HAVE A
NICE DAY.

SEE YOU
NEXT WEEK

Please go the lab to get a practice with regular class