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1
INDEX
Introduction
Methods for solving first order ordinary differential equations
Applications of first order ordinary differential equations and their
problems
Introduction
Variable sepration
Reducible to variable sepration
Exact DEs
Reducible to exact DEs
Linear DEs
Reducible to linear DEs
Homogeneous DEs
Reducible to homogeneous
Applications of First-order Differential Equations to Real World Systems
1. Cooling/Warming Law
5. Draining a tank
8. A Pursuit Problem
This last expression shows how the temperature T of the object changes with time.
Problem
In a certain House, a police were called about 3O Clock where a murder victim
was found.
Police took the temperature of body which was found to be34.5 C.
After 1 hour, Police againtook the temperature of the body which was found to be
33.9 C.
The temperature of the room was 15 C
d
15.0
dt
d
k 15.0
dt
where ' k' is the constant of proportionality
d
k .dt .... (Variable Separable Form)
15.0
ln 15.0 k.t c
where ' c' is the constant of integration
ln (34.5 -15.0) = k(0) + c
c = ln19.5
Substituting, = 37OC
ln22 = -0.032t + ln 19
t
ln 22 ln 19
3.86 hours
0.032
3 hours 51 minutes
Proble
m
A tank contains 300 litres of fluid in which 20 grams of salt is dissolved. Brine
containing 1 gm of salt per litre is then pumped into the tank at a rate of 4
L/min; the well-mixed solution is pumped out at the same rate. Find the number
A radioactive isotope has an initial mass 200mg, which two years later
is
50mg. Find the expression for the amount of the isotope remaining at any time.
Problem
A tank contains 300 litres of fluid in which 20 grams of salt is dissolved. Brine
containing 1 gm of salt per litre is then pumped into the tank at a rate of 4
L/min; the well-mixed solution is pumped out at the same rate. Find the
A tank in the form of a right-circular cylinder standing on end is leaking water
through a circular hole in its bottom. Find the height h of water in the tank at any
time t if the initial height of the water is H.
Economics and Finance
The problems regarding supply, demand and compounding interest can be
calculated by this equation
dP
k (D S )
dt
Similarly
S(t)=S(0) ert ,Where S(0) is the initial money in the account
Problem
Problem
Problem
Problem
A drag racer accelerates from a stop so that its speed is 40t feet per second t
seconds after starting. How far will the car go in 8 seconds?
SOLUTION:-
ds
Given: 40 t , wher s (t ) is the distance in feet,
dt
and t is time in seconds.
s 8 ? ft
Find:
ds
40t
dt
ds 40 t dt
s t 40 t dt 20 t 2
C
Apply the initial condition: s(0) = 0
s 0 0 20 0 C
2
C 0
s t 20t 2
s 8 20 8 1280 ft
2