Maths

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 Symmetr
y:
An object has reflectional symmetry (line or mirror
symmetry) if there is a line going through it which divides
it into two pieces which are mirror images of each other.
An object has rotational symmetry if the object can be
rotated about a fixed point without changing the overall
shape.
Regular polygons Line symmetry
If you cut out a rectangle from a The dotted line through the middle of the letter A is called a mirror
piece of paper, and experiment with line, because if you place a mirror along it, the shape looks exactly
it and a mirror, you will soon find the same as the original.
that it has just two lines of A vertical line of symmetry through the letter A
symmetry - one lengthwise and one Another name for a mirror line is a line of symmetry.
width wise. An equilateral triangle This kind of symmetry can also be called 'reflective symmetry'.
has three lines of symmetry.
 Fractions:
A fraction is a part of a whole, for example 1/2.
Equivalent fractions are fractions that look different but
show the same amount. Improper fractions have
numerators that are higher than the denominator, while
mixed fractions contain whole numbers and fractions.
Dividing fractions
When you divide 10 by 2, you are working out how many
2's there are in 10.
10 2 = 5, so there are five 2's in 10.
In a similar way, when dividing 2 by 1/2, you are working
out how many 1/2's there are in 2.
There are four 1/2's in 2, so 2 1/2 = 4.
If you divide 1 1/2 by 1/4 you are working out how many
1/4's there are in 1 1/2 .
There are six 1/4's in 1 1/2, so 11/2 1/4= 6.
Adding and subtracting
It is hard to picture what the answer is if you add 1/2 and
1/3. Rewriting the fractions with a common bottom
number (in this case, 6) makes it easier to see the
answer.
Remember: You can only add and subtract fractions when
the bottom numbers are the same.
So to add or subtract fractions:
1.Change the fractions so they have the same bottom
number.
2.Add or subtract the top numbers.
Example
1/2 + 1/3 = 3/6 + 2/6 = 5/6
Multiplying and dividing
7/10 - 2/5 = 7/10 - 4/10 = 3/10
Multiplying fractions
1/2 of 1/2 = 1/2 1/2 = 1/4

2/3 of 4/5 = 2/3 4/5 = 8/15

 Ratio:
Equivalent ratios and simplest form
If you are making orange squash and you mix one part
orange to four parts water, then the ratio of orange to
water will be 1:4 (1 to 4).
If you use 1 litre of orange, you will use 4 litres of water
(1:4).
If you use 2 litres of orange, you will use 8 litres of water
(2:8).
If you use 10 litres of orange, you will use 40 litres of
water (10:40).
These ratios are all equivalent Order
1:4 = 2:8It's important to notice what order the parts of the
= 10:40
Both sidesratio are
of the written
ratio in.multiplied
can be 2:3 is notor the same
divided by as
the3:2.
same number to give an equivalent ratio.
In the example, the ratio of Dave's money to Lisa's
was 2:3. If we swap the order to 3:2 then Dave
would get more than Lisa.

To keep it the same as in the example we could say

that the ratio of Lisa's money to Dave's would be
3:2