CBM

PRODUCTION PROFILE

BY
OMRAN BASIT
OUTLINES
WORLD SCENARIO
WHAT IS CBM ?
CBM PRODUCTION PROFILE AND PROCESS
INVOLVED
MECHANISM INVOLVED
SURFACE PRODUCTION OPERATIONS
BENEFITS
WORLD SCENARIO
In world , the consumption rate of gas
reserves are about 82 tcf per year.
Cbm reserves across world are about 7000 tcf,
so that we manage energy needs up to
another 85-90 years.
WHAT IS CBM?
Cbm (coal bed methane )is a unconventional
source of natural gas in which methane was
adsorbed by coal bed due to thermogeneic
or biogeneic process.
The coal bed acts as source and reservoir
rock.
comparing with other gas reservoirs , gas
occupies more pore volume in coal bed .
COAL BED STRUCTURE
CBM PRODCTION
In the coal layer, there are many fractures
(cleats), which formed during the process of
coalification
water and gas flow in the coal layer through
the fracture(cleat)
The part of the coal which is surrounded by
the cleat is called the matrix (coal matrix),
where most of the cbm attaches to the pores
in them.
cbm can come out (desorption) of the matrix
through the cracks, by lowering the water
pressure on the target layer
 CBM
PRODUCTION PROFILE
AND PROCESS
INVOLED
WATER TREATMENT SEPARATOR CH4 STORAG
PLANT PUMP

H2O STORAGE
TANK TANK

v
MECHANISM INVOLED
Initially we explore the position of coal bed in
subsurface layers
We drill and reach the coal bed formation.
Casing and cementing the well.
Now perforate the well desired locations.
Now we install a pump and we send large
amounts of water to coal bed .
Then we use the same pump to suck up the
water which we had sent.
Initially the coal bed with water are at high
pressure ,
by dewatering the formation pressure
decreases.
So that water dives the methane which were
adsorbed in coal bed.
DEWATERING PHASE
This is Phase I, during this phase CBM wells
experiment a constant water production with
a very low or negligible gas production
Initially, most CBM wells are naturally water
saturated because water liberation occurs
during the coalification process
The water is occupying the principal cleat
network and there is the need of removing the
water from the major fractures system in
order to produce gas
Cont.,
The number of days of this dewatering
process and the amount of produced water
can vary widely
They are very difficult to estimate and their
influence in the economics is very hard to
predict
The major physical properties that affect the
efficiency of the dewatering process are:
Permeability,
Adsorbed gas content,
Relative permeability
STABLE PRODUCTION PHASE
Phase II is described by a dramatically
decrease in the water production and increase
of the gas production rate
The water relative permeability decrease and
the gas relative permeability increase
The gas production has stabilized and starts
to experiment a typical decline trend
DECLINING PHASE
During phase III, the well is considered to be
dewatered, so the water production is in the
low level or negligible.
The water and gas relative permeability do
not change extensively
The steady state exists for the rest of
producing life
The limit between phase II and III is
determined by the peak gas rate is reached
SURFACE PRODUCTION
OPERATIONS
WATER TREATMENT
The water coming from the well is sent to
water treatment plants for treating the water .
Before sending it to treatment plant we need
to separate the gas traces in water.
Then the treated water can be used to re
inject into other cbm wells or it can be used
for sanitary purposes also.
METHANE PRODUCTION
Initially methane is sent to stabilization tanks .
The methane produced from well consists of
small amounts of water ,which can be
separated by 2 phase separation tanks .
The separated water sent to treatment plants
The separated methane is sent to distillation
columns for further removal of water traces in
gas and then sends to storage tank and
finally the gas send to consumers.
BENEFITS OVER CBM
Development of downstream gas based
industries.
Generation of revenue for state as well as
central govt.
Development of new infrastructure in project
site/ consumption centers
Water produced from CBM wells can be
utilized for irrigation or industrial
consumption.
We obtain cbm at shallow depths and the
cost involved in planning cbm wells is low
comparative to oil and gas wells
Contd..
.Methane is a clean fuel and has distinct advantage
over coal on environmental and quality aspects.
.Methane recovered from coal mines reduces green
house gas emission and also substitutes for fuel.
.De-methanisation of coal seams prior to mining
increases mine safety and improves productivity.
.Taking out methane from coal reduces mining
hazards. Many mine accidents are due to the
methane gas.
.CBM extraction does not affect the physical and
chemical properties of coal.
TAKE HOME POINTS
Cbm is the future energy source.
Desorption of methane .
Cbm is clean fuel and with lots of advantages.
Treating of produced Water makes this cbm
more eco-friendly
 Thank s
for your attention