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Numerical Example
possible
set = 4 x 3
=12
Ants for x1 Ants for x2
x11 1 x21 3
Value of objective fn
Possible sets Ant values (x12 + x1x2 + x2)
x12 2 x22 4
x13 3 x23 5
x14 4 X13, x23 3,5 49 (worst)
X13, x23 3,5 49 (worst)
X13, x22 3,4 37
X14, x23 4,5 61
X14, x23 4,5 61
X14, x22 4,4 48
X13, x23 3,5 49 (worst)
X13, x23 3,5 49 (worst)
X13, x22 3,4 37
x11, x23 1,5 31
x11, x23 1,5 31
X11, x22 1,4 21 (best)
Iteration 2
Q/Lk
Q= constant
local updatation.
Iteration 2
assume = 0.4 and Q = 2
Update pheromone for each ant
Increase pheromone for x11 and x22 as
they are giving best solution.
Evaporate pheromone for other paths
=Q
best = 21 (only 1 time so z = 1)
Updated Pheromone
Ants for x1 Ants for x2
x11 1 (1-0.4)x1 + 2x21/49 = 1.457 x21 3 (1-0.4)x1 = 0.6
x12 2 (1-0.4)x1 = 0.6 x22 4 (1-0.4)x1 + 2x21/49 = 1.457
x13 3 (1-0.4)x1 = 0.6 x23 5 (1-0.4)x1 = 0.6
x14 4 (1-0.4)x1 = 0.6
Iteration 2
Update probability
P1j = = ?,
where j = [1,2,3,4]
P2k = = ?
where k = [3,4,5]