Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Pembimbing:
dr. Julietta Tantri
Identitass Pasien
Nama : An. DA
Umur : 3 Tahun
Alamat : Kompleks Setneg blok O/29 RT005/015
Agama : Islam
Suku : Jawa
Jaminan : BPJS
Tanggal Pemeriksaan : 13 Maret 2017
Anamnesis
Keluhan Utama
Keluar cairan berwarna kuning dari liang telinga kanan
sejak satu hari
Keluhan Tambahan
Batuk Pilek sejak 1 Minggu
Riwayat Penyakit Sekarang
Ibu pasien mengatakan 7 hari yang lalu pasien demam disertai batuk dan
pilek. Saat ini demam sudah tidak ada. Riwayat alergi obat disangkal
Riwayat Penyakit Dahulu
Batuk Pilek disertai demam 7 hari yang lalu
Otitis
Non Supuratif
Supuratif
(OME)
Gangguan Fungsi
Anak ISPA
Tuba Eustachius
Otitis
Media
Anamnesis Nyeri Pada liang Nyeri pada liang Nyeri pada liang Nyeri berkurang
telinga telinga telinga
Liang Telinga Anak yang tadinya
terasa penuh gelisah sekarang
menjadi tenang
Px Fisik M.timpani retraksi M.timpani M.timpani M.Timpani
hiperemis Bulging Perforasi
Hilangkan Buka
Tekanan Negatif T.Eustachius
Antibiotik
STADIUM HIPEREMIS1
1. Antibiotika
Tidak
Amoksisilin 40mg/kg/BB /hari Atau Ampisilin 50-100mg/kg/BB /hari
Dibagi 3 dosis, Selama 7 hari Dibagi 3 dosis, Selama 7 hari
Alergi terhadap
penisilin ?
Ya
Eritromisin 40mg/kg/BB /hari
Selama 7 hari
3. Analgetik
Paracetamol
STADIUM SUPURASI1
1. Cegah Perforasi Membran Timpani Miringotomi
2. Antibiotika
3. Obat tetes Hidung
4. Analgetik
STADIUM PERFORASI1
1. Cuci Telinga H202 3% selama 3-5 Hari
2. Antibiotika adekuat
STADIUM RESOLUSI1
1. Cuci Telinga H202 3% selama 3-5 Hari
2. Antibiotika adekuat
AAP/AAFP Guidelines for Acute Otitis Media
In February 2013, the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) and the American Academy of
Family Practice (AAFP) published updated guidelines for the medical management of AOM.
Uncomplicated AOM
AOM without otorrhea(3)
Severe AOM
AOM with the presence of moderate to severe otalgia or fever equal to or
higher than 39C(2)
Nonsevere AOM
AOM with the presence of mild otalgia and a temperature below 39C(2)
Symptomps
1 GEJALA
Fever
Earache/Otalgia
Irritability
Loss of appetite
Sleep disturbance
Otorrhea
Older children with AOM usually present with a history of rapid onset of ear pain.
Color
Cloudy/red
Position
Retracted/Bulging
Mobility
Distincly Impaired / Impaired
Perforation
Single perforations are most common
Pain Management
2 Tatalaksana Nyeri
The management of AOM should include an assessment of pain. If pain is
present, the clinician should recommend treatment to reduce pain.
Antibiotic therapy of AOM does not provide symptomatic relief in the rst 24
hours(6-9)
and even after 3 to 7 days, there may be persistent pain, fever, or both in 30%
of children younger than 2 years(10)
In contrast, analgesics do relieve pain associated with AOM within 24 hours and
should be used whether antibiotic therapy is or is not prescribed
The clinician should prescribe antibiotic therapy for bilateral AOM in children younger than 24
months without severe signs or symptoms
The clinician should either prescribe antibiotic therapy or offer observation with close follow-up
based on joint decision-making with the parent(s)/caregiver for unilateral AOM in children 6
months to 23 months of age without severe signs or symptoms .
When observation is used, a mechanism must be in place to ensure follow-up and begin antibiotic
therapy if the child worsens or fails to improve within 48 to 72 hours of onset of symptoms.
The clinician should either prescribe antibiotic therapy or offer observation with close follow-up
based on joint decision-making with the parent(s)/caregiver for AOM (bilateral or unilateral) in
children 24 months or older without severe signs or symptoms
SEVERE Antibiotic
<24
Months
Bilateral Antibiotic
Without
SEVERE
A
O Unilateral Antibiotic
M
OR
Antibiotic
Observation
>24
Months
Observation When observation is used, a mechanism must be in place to ensure
follow-up and begin antibiotic therapy if the child worsens or fails to
improve within 48 to 72 hours of onset of symptoms.
Appropriate choices of antibiotic agents.
4 Pemilihan agen antibiotik yang tepat.
High-dose amoxicillin is recommended as the first-line treatment in most patients,
although there are a number of medications that are clinically effective.
The justification for the use of amoxicillin relates to its effectiveness against common
AOM bacterial pathogens as well as its safety, low cost, acceptable taste, and narrow
microbiologic spectrum
In children who have taken amoxicillin in the previous 30 days, those with concurrent
conjunctivitis, or those for whom coverage for -lactamasepositive H influenzae and
M catarrhalis is desired, therapy should be initiated with high-dose amoxicillin-
clavulanate (90 mg/kg/day of amoxicillin, with 6.4 mg/kg/day of clavulanate, a ratio
of amoxicillin to clavulanate of 14:1, given in 2 divided doses, which is less likely to
cause diarrhea than other amoxicillin-clavulanate preparations)
Appropriate choices of antibiotic agents.
4 Pemilihan agen antibiotik yang tepat.
Some children with AOM and persistent symptoms after 48 to 72 hours of initial
antibacterial treatment may have combined bacterial and viral infection, which
would explain the persistence of ongoing symptoms despite appropriate antibiotic
therapy. A change in antibiotic may not be required in some children with mild
persistent symptoms.
If the child was initially treated with amoxicillin and failed to improve, amoxicillin-
clavulanate should be used.
Several studies favor standard 10-day therapy over shorter courses for children younger
than 2 years.(17), (18-22)
Thus, for children younger than 2 years and children with severe symptoms, a standard
10-day course is recommended.
For children 6 years and older with mild to moderate symptoms, a 5- to 7-day course is
adequate treatment.
Duration of Therapy
LAMA PEMBERIAN ANTIBIOTIK
<2tahun 10 hari
2-5 tahun 7 hari
>6tahun 5-7 hari
TERAPI
1.Amoxicillin syr 125mg/5ml 3x1 C No I
2. PIB5 3x1 No IX
Edukasi orang tua pasien untuk membersihkan telinga pasien dengan
menggunakan cottonbutt
Edukasi orang tua pasien agar jangan sampai ada air yang masuk ke liang telinga
pasien
Edukasi orang tua pasien agar kembali kontrol ke puskesmas bila obat antibiotik
akan habis
PROGNOSIS
Quo ad vitam : dubia ad bonam
Quo ad functionam : dubia ad bonam
Quo ad Sanactionam : dubia ad bonam
ANALISA MASALAH
Kasus Pembahasan
Anamnesis: Cairan berwarna kekuningan disertai demam 7 hari
sebelumnya menguarahkan proses yang terjadi pada
OS disebabkan oleh proses infeksi.
Dari hasil anamnesa didapatkan keluhan keluar
cairan berwarna kuning dari liang telinga kanan
Proses infeksi pada liang telinga dapat terjadi di
sejak 1 hari yang lalu. Beberapa hari sebelumnya liang telinga luar, liang telinga tengah dan liang
pasien sering memegangi telinga kanannya dan telinga dalam.
uring-uringan kemudian menjadi lebih tenang
setelah cairan tersebut keluar dari liang telinga Dari anamnesis didapatkan riwayat anak uring-
kanan pasien. 7 hari yang lalu pasien demam uringan beberapa hari sebelumnya yang kemudian
disertai batuk dan pilek. Saat ini demam sudah menjadi lebih tenang setelah cairan tersebut keluar
tidak ada. Riwayat alergi obat disangkal hal ini khas pada OMA stadium perforasi.