Malaysia's 1st Integrated Waste

Management Centre
Kualiti Alam has been entrusted by the
Government to undertake the Privatisation
of Malaysia's 1st Integrated Hazardous Waste
Management System on 18 December 1995

Provide complete management of hazardous

waste from cradle to grave, commencing
from collection of waste at the premises of
waste generators, transportation, treatment,
to final disposal.
 The WMC is equipped with 4 main
facilities with the capacity and capability
to store, treat and dispose more than
100,000 tonnes of all classes of hazardous
waste types (liquid and solid) annually

The main facilities comprise the

incineration plant, physical /chemical
treatment plant, solidification plant,
secured landfill, leachate treatment plant
and the state of the art laboratory.
Steps in handling SW
1. Transportation
2. Collection procedure
-Consignment note
-Labelling
-Waste packaging
3. Analysis
4. Treatment
-Solidification
-Physical/chemical treatment
-Incineration
5. Disposal
6. Recycling and recovery
1. Transportation
They comprise of 1, 3, 8, 12, 20 tonne
curtain-sider trucks, tipper trucks, skip bin
and IMO tanks.
 The trucks are painted in the company's
corporate colours besides the mandatory
colour requirement by DOE

The trucks are specially designed to meet

European standards and are approved by the
Malaysian Department of Environment.

All vehicles are equipped with the necessary

safety and communication equipment to
ensure that scheduled wastes are safely
transported from waste generators'
premises to the WMC
1.1 Waste Card System
One of the requirements set by the governments
regulatory bodies is the necessity of carrying a
safety card on the transporting vehicle to
provide the driver with information on the goods
being transported. These include:-
A precise description of the goods
The dangers related to the goods
Personal protection when handling the goods
What to do in case of an accident
Handling of minor spillage
Fire
First aid
1.2 The Orange Box
Waste transportation vehicles carry an
orange box that contains the waste
card, Consignment Note, a list of
telephone numbers of emergency
services and a copy of the Emergency
Response Plan
1.3 Emergency Response Plan
(ERP)
Waste transportation vehicles are also
equipped with safety equipment and
accessories such as fire extinguishers,
first-aid kit, rubber safety boots,
absorbent bags, broom, rubber/leather
gloves, mask, safety helmet, plastic bags,
spade and safety cones.
Service Record (31st December
2008)

Total tonnage 1,018,307.303

Total load 65,992
2. Collection procedure
2.1 Consignment note
The Consignment Note is a document
that permits the scheduled waste to be
transported from one location to another,
licensed by the Department of
Environment (DOE)
It is also a means of monitoring the
movement of scheduled waste by the
Department.
 There are three sections in the
consignment note:
Recipient
Section

To be filled up by the
Section 1
waster generator
To be filled up by the
Section 2
transporter
To be filled up by the
Section 3 waste management
contractor
 A set of consignment note consists of
seven copies and are distributed as
follows
Recipient
Copy

Copy 1 (White) To be kept by Kualiti Alam

To be kept by the Finance Department
Copy 2 (Yellow)
of Kualiti Alam
To be sent to waste generator by the
Copy 2A (Yellow)
Finance Department of Kualiti Alam
Copy 3 (Green) To be sent to DOE by Kualiti Alam
Copy 4 (Light Blue) To be kept by the transporter
To be sent to DOE by the waste
Copy 5 (Dark Blue)
generator
Copy 6 (Red) To be kept by the waste generator
 The consignment note must reach the
respective parties within 30 days from the
date the scheduled waste leaves the
premises of the waste generator
2.2 Labelling
A few simple rules apply to the labelling
of waste containers
The labelling must adhere to the Third
Schedule (Regulation 8) of the
Environmental Quality (Scheduled
Wastes) Regulations 2005.
1. All obsolete marks, hazard label, etc
must be removed, erased
2. The packaging to be marked on the side
with the following information
- Consignment number (e.g. 123456 -
001)
- DOE Code (e.g. N 151)
- Warning label corresponding to the
type of waste
4. The label must be square in shape and
set at an angle of 45 degrees.
The dimension of the label shall not be
less than 10cm by 10cm except where
the size of the container or package
warrants a label of a smaller size
5. The label may be of the following types
- Stick-on
- Metal Plate
- Stencilled or printed on the container
or package
6. All labels shall be able to withstand open
weather exposure without a substantial
reduction
7. In case of waste capable of presenting
two or more hazards, all the hazards
must be clearly identified and the waste
labelled accordingly
8. All marking on the packaging must be
clear and easy to identify
Description of Warning Labels
2.3 Waste packaging
Proper packaging is vital for the safe
transportation and handling of hazardous
waste. The waste producer shall be
responsible for the correct packaging,
labelling, transportation and specification
of the waste as stated in the
Environmental Quality (Scheduled
Wastes) Regulations 2005
 The following rules of thumb apply when
selecting the appropriate packing
- For liquid organic/inorganic waste: Bunghole drum
(steel/plastic) or plastic pallet tank with stopper
- For solid waste and empty contaminated container:
Open top drums (steel/plastic) with covers and
clamp.
- For dry solid waste and contaminated rags: One-
tonne PP bags.
- For pharmaceutical and laboratory waste: Open
top drums (steel or plastic) with cover and clamp.
Packaging Type

The rule of thumb in the selection of

packing containers is as follows
Illustration of Packaging, Marking & Labelling
of Waste (Bunghole Drum)
3. Analysis
The typical parameters analysed for toxic and
hazardous wastes are:-
Heavy Metal Analysis such as arsenic, cadmium,
chromium, copper, lead, nickel, mercury, zinc, etc
Toxicity Characteristic Leaching Procedure (TCLP)
Oil and Grease
Total Organic Carbon
pH Value
Total Solids
Total Chlorine
Calorific Value
Flash Point
Viscosity
Polymerisation Reaction
4. Treatment
4.1 Solidification
Inorganic wastes, which do not fulfill the
criteria for disposal directly into the
Secured Landfill, are treated in the
Solidification Plant
Such wastes are typically metal hydroxide
sludge containing heavy metals such as
arsenic, barium, boron, cadmium,
chromium copper, lead, mercury, nickel,
selenium, silver, tin and zinc.
 During the solidification process the
heavy metals become insoluble and the
wastes therefore can safely be disposed
off in the Secured Landfill
Fly ash from the Incinerator Plant is also
treated at the Solidification Plant.
4.2 Physical/Chemical Treatment
The Physical/Chemical Treatment Plant (PCT)
treats inorganic liquid waste such as acid,
alkaline, chromate and cyanide. Generally, waste
is detoxified through chemical processes like
neutralisation, oxidation and reduction
Five categories:-
- Chromate waste
- Acid waste
- Miscellaneous waste
- Alkaline waste
- Cyanide waste
4.3 Incineration
Two main sections:-
Operation of Organic Waste Feed
Preparations (or Pre-treatment)
Incineration Process (or Thermal
Destruction Process)
4.3.1 Organic Waste Feed Preparations
(Pre-treatment Facility)
The primary functions of a feed
preparation system are:-
1. To produce more uniform chemical
properties (moisture, organic content,
etc.)
2. To avoid jamming of feeding
mechanisms
Pre-treatment flow
4.3.2 Thermal Destruction
Process
Incineration process can be divided into 3
phase:
1. Incineration/Combustion phase
2. Heat recovery phase
3. Flue gas cleaning phase
4.3.2.1
Incineration/Combustion Phase
 The Rotary Kiln can operate in a wide
range of conditions and therefore can
handle a wide range of wastes
The destruction of organics is determined
by temperature, time and turbulence
factors
- Temperature is critical because it determines the
rate of organic destruction
- Time refers to the length of time that the gases are
present or residence time
- Turbulence describes the ability of the combustion
system to sufficiently mix the gases with oxygen to
oxidise the organics released from fuel and wastes
4.3.2.2 Heat recovery phase
Basically a series of process to cool down
the Flue gas before Flue gas cleaning
process takes place
Are cooled by using atomized water
4.3.2.3 Flue gas cleaning phase
Consists mainly Dry Absorption System
(DAS) which includes a reactor, fabric
filter, ID fans and wet scrubbing system,
where the flue gas is cleaned and released
into the atmosphere via stack
5. Disposal
The landfill site is some 80 acres in area
to accommodate the construction of 8
secured landfill cells with a total volume
of 2.5 million cubic meters
Landfill Acceptance Criteria
Only inorganic solid waste that meets all
parameters of the Landfill Acceptance
Criteria is eligible for direct landfill
disposal
Otherwise, the waste will have to be
treated at either the solidification or
incineration plant
Secured Landfill Design
 Waste can be disposed off in the landfill in
drums, polypropylene bags, in bulk or in
solidified form.
6. Recycling and recovery
Collection Procedures for Recycling and
Recovery of Scheduled Wastes