CIRCULATORY

SYSTEM

By: Pete C. Vasquez, II, PT, LMT, AMP

 Objectives
1. Explain the function of the circulatory
system.

2. Explain the structure in the circulatory

system.

3. Explain the function of the structure in the

circulatory system.
 FUNCTIONS

1. Transports gases, nutrients to the tissues,

waste products from the tissues and
hormones.
2. Regulates pH of the body the amount of fluids
in the tissues and body temperature.
3. Protects against pathogens and blood loss.
 CIRCULATORY SYSTEM

Blood
Blood vessels
Heart
Pulmonary circulation
Systemic circulation
BLOOD

Is a connective tissue
composed of
a liquid extracellular
matrix called blood
plasma that dissolves
and suspends various
cells and cell fragments.
 BLOOD
Components

1. Erythrocytes / Red Blood Cell

2. Leukocytes / White Blood Cell
3. Thrombocytes / PLATELETS
4. Plasma
 Structure and function of blood

Erythrocytes / RBC

Main function is to transport oxygen, which is

carried by the hemoglobin.
 Structure and function of blood
Leukocytes/WBC Leukocytes

Is to combat them by phagocytosis or immune

responses.
Structure and function of blood

Thrombocytes / PLATELETS

They are needed for blood clotting.

 Structure and function of blood

Plasma

Plasma is needed to carry the many parts of

the blood through the bloodstream.

It carries foods and wastes from the tissues,

and keeps the acid-base balance of the body.
 BLOOD VESSELS

Blood vessels are the channels or

conduits through which blood is
distributed to body tissues.
 Blood Vessels

Artery Largest Artery Aorta

Arterioles Largest Veins Inferior Vena

Cava
Veins
Capilliaries connection
Venules
between Arterioles & Venules
Capilliaries
 BLOOD VESSELS
Arteries

Arteries carry blood away from the heart.

Pulmonary arteries transport blood that has a
low oxygen content from the right ventricle to
the lungs.
Systemic arteries transport oxygenated blood
from the left ventricle to the body tissues.
 BLOOD VESSELS
ARTERY

LAYERS

TUNICA EXTERNA
TUNICA MEDIA
TUNICA INTIMA
 BLOOD VESSELS
Capillaries

The connection between the vessels that carry

blood away from the heart (arteries) and the
vessels that return blood to the heart (veins).

The primary function of capillaries is the

exchange of materials between the blood and
tissue cells.
 BLOOD VESSELS

VEINS

Veins carry blood toward the heart.

 HEART

The heart is a
muscular pump that
provides the force
necessary to
circulate the blood
to all the tissues in
the body.
 HEART

Its function is vital

because, to survive, the
tissues need a
continuous supply of
oxygen and nutrients,
and metabolic waste
products have to be
removed.
 Structure of the Heart

LAYER

PERICARDIUM
EPICARDIUM
MYOCARDIUM
ENDOCARDIUM
 Structure of the Heart

CHAMBERS

RIGHT ATRIUM
RIGHT VENTRICLE
LEFT ATRIUM
LEFT VENTRICLE

ATRIUM UPPER PART VENTRICLE LOWER PART

 Structure of the Heart
VALVES

ATRIOVENTRICULAR VALVES

- TRICUSPID VALVE
- BICUSPID VALVE /MITRAL

SEMILUNAR VALVES

- PULMONARY VALVE
- AORTIC VALVE
 AORTIC VALVE

PULMONARY VEIN

RA LA

PULMONARY ARTERY
RV
LV
PULMONARY VALVE

TRICUSPID VALVE BICUSPID VALVE

 Systemic Circulation
Provides the functional blood supply to all
body tissue.

Carries oxygen and nutrients to the cells and

picks up carbon dioxide and waste products.
 Pulmonary Circulation

Carries deoxygenated blood from the right

ventricle to the air sacs (alveoli) within the lungs
and returns oxygenated blood from the air sacs
to the left atrium
BLOOD PRESSURE RANGE FOR ADULTS
Range Status

70/40 90/60 Low blood pressure

Over 90/60 120 /80 Normal blood pressure

Over 120/80 140/90 Pre-high blood pressure

Over 140/90 190/100 High blood pressure

 HEART RATE CHART: BABIES TO
ADULT
AGE BEAT PER MINUTE (BPM)

0-1 100 160

1+ - 10 60 140

10+ - Adults 60 100

Athletes 40 60
ORGANS STRUCTURE FUNCTIONS
Red Blood Cells Transport oxygen
through hemoglobin

BLOOD White Blood Cells Antibodies that deals

with foreign materials
like disease organism

Platelets Blood clotting

Plasma and Proteins Carries foods and
wastes from tissues
ORGANS STRUCTURE FUNCTIONS

Arteries Carries blood away

from the heart
BLOOD Capillaries Exchange of
VESSELS materials between
blood and tissues
cells
Veins Carries blood
towards the heart
ORGANS STRUCTURE FUNCTIONS

Arch of the aorta Carries oxygenated

blood to the rest of
the body
HEART Abdominal aorta & Supplies blood to the
Thoracic aorta abdominal and
thoracic area.
Inferior & Superior Carries deoxygenated
vena cava blood from the rest
of the body to the
heart.
THE END