HISTOLOGY OF HEART

dr. Ni Putu Diah Witari, M.Sc

Departement of Anatomi-Histologi
FKIK Warmadewa
9 Jun 2017
 LEARNING OUTCOME
Understanding the histology structure of the
heart (the atria, ventricles, and heart valve)
Referensi
Mescher, A.L., Junqueiras Basic Histology, 13th Ed, Singapore: Mc Graw Hill
Education ; 2013, pp 212-217

MEDICAL HISTOLOGY BY LAIQ HUSSAIN

5TH EDITION
THE CIRCULATORY SYSTEM
 BLOOD VASCULAR SYSTEM
The heart organ whose function is to pump
the blood
The arteries Function is to carry the blood,
with its nutrients and oxygen, to the tissues
The capillaries the smallest blood vessels,
whose walls the interchange between blood
and tissues takes place
The veins convey the blood to be pumped
again
 HEART
Muscular organ that contracts rhythmically,
pumping the blood through the circulatory
system

The walls of all four heart chambers consist of

three major layers or tunics:
the internal endocardium ~ tunica intima
the middle myocardium ~ tunica media
the external epicardium pericardium ~ tunica
adventitia
 MAJOR HISTOLOGICAL FEATURES
OF THE HEART
Longitudinal view 2 atria and 2 ventricles.
The ventricular walls are thicker than those of the
atriathicker myocardium.
The valves flaps of connective tissue anchored
in the heart's.
chordae tendinae dense connective tissue
extending from the valves and attached to
papillary muscles
Conducting systemsinoatrial (SA) node
(pacemaker) & atrioventricular (AV) node.
 ENDOCARDIUM
Thin layer of connective tissue lined by simple
squamous endothelium elastic and collagen
fibers, smooth muscle cells

Subendothelial layer (subendocardial layer)

connective tissue, containing veins, nerves,
and branches of the impulse-conducting
system of the heart (Purkinje fiber)
 PURKINJE FIBER
More faster than cardiac muscle fibers
Subendothelial layer (subendocardial layer)
Diameter greater than sarcoplasma
>> Sarcoplasmic glycogen levels
<< Myofibril
more pale H.E. staining
ENDOCARDIUM
 MYOCARDIUM
Thickest of the tunics and consists of cardiac
muscle cells arranged in layers that surround the
heart chambers in a complex spiral

The myocardium is much thicker in the ventricles

than in the atria

Fibers form an interconnecting network joined to

each other by specialized intercellular junctions
called intercalated disks/discs.
 MYOCARDIUM
-Striated
-involunter
-1-2 nucleus pale
contractile -intercalated disks
desmosome, gap junction
- >T tubulus

MYOCARDIUM

-SA node
conductive - AV NodeHis fiber (berkas
his)
- Purkinje fiber
(subendocardium)
MYOCARDIUM
 PERICARDIUM
Epicardium (visceral layer of the
pericardium) simple squamous
mesothelium, a layer of loose connective
tissue, blood vessels and nerves
Parietal layer of the pericardium serous
membrane, connective tissue (elastic fibers),
colagen, fibroblas, macrofage
During heart movements lubricant fluid
PERICARDIUM
EPICARDIUM OR VISCERAL
PERICARDIUM
 CARDIAC SKELETON
Central supporting structure of the heart
Dense irregular connective tissue
Separates atrial and ventricular
Site of insertion of cardiac muscle
Localizes and stabilizes valves
Limits diameter of valves
Prevents spread of electrical impulses outside of
conducting system
Includes annuli fibrosi, trigona fibrosi, and
septum membranaceum
 CARDIAC SKELETON

Annuli fibrosi dense connective

endocardial , very rich in collagen aorta,
pulmonary artery, atrioventrikuler
Fibrous Trigonum Fibrous connective tissue,
between atrioventrikuler
Septum membranaceum Extension of the
cardiac skeleton into the interventricular
septum
CARDIAC SKELETON
VALVE LEAFLET AND CARDIAC
SKELETON
TERIMAKASIH