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DENTURE CLEANSERS

AND
DENTURE ADHESIVES

BY
Dr. Kamran Parvez
MDS Trainee
Department of Prosthodontics
DIKIOHS - DUHS
DENTURE CLEANSERS
DENTURE CLEANSERS are creams, gels,
pastes and solutions that are made to clean
both complete dentures and removable
partial dentures.
The presence of denture deposits and their
rate of accumulation are directly related to
the presence of a protein-rich saliva and the
microporous nature of polymeric base, which
facilitates microbial plaque formation and
calculus deposition.
REQUIREMENTS OF AN IDEAL
DENTURE CLEANSER
Nontoxic
Bacteriocidal and fungicidal effect
Harmless to the denture base materials and
denture teeth
Able to dissolve denture deposits
Easy to remove
Long shelf life
Inexpensive
DENTURE CLEANSING
TECHNIQUES
Mechanical method
Chemical method
Both
Ultrasonic cleansers
MECHANICAL METHOD
Light brushing with a soft
denture brush or a
multifluted soft nylon
brush with rounded ends
and soap and water.
Hard bristle brushes,
forceful brushing or
abrasive dentifrices such
as calcium carbonate or
hydrated silica may cause
abrasion of polymeric
materials.
CHEMICAL METHOD
Most commonly used chemical
denture cleansers are
alkaline peroxide and
hypochlorites
Advantages are
Full accessibility
Minimum damage
Minimum abrasion
Simplicity of the
technique
ULTRASONIC CLEANSERS

Denture placed into


cleaning unit which is
filled with a soaking
chemical agent.
Cleansing action of
the soaking agent is
supplemented by the
mechanical debriding
action of the
ultrasonic vibrations.
TYPES OF DENTURE CLEANSERS

OXYGENATING CLEANSERS
Alkaline peroxides are provided in powder and tablet
forms.
Constituents are alkaline compounds, detergents,
sodium perborate and flavoring agent.
Cleansing is a result of the oxydizing ability of the
peroxide decomposition and the effervescent action of
evolved oxygen.
HYPOCHLORITE SOLUTIONS

Diluted household bleaches (sodium hypochlorites) are


commonly used as denture cleaners.
Removing plaque, light stains and killing denture
adherent organisms.
One technique invovles the immersion of dentures in a
solution of 5 % sodium hypochlorite followed by light
brushing.
Other technique invovles the immersion of denture in
solution containing 1 tsp of hypochlorite and 2 tsp of
glassy phosphate in half a glass of water.
Not recommended for cast base metal alloys because
chloride ions can result in corrosion.
DILUTE ACIDS
It includes citric acids, isopropyl alcohol,
hydrochloric acid or vinegar.
Removes obstinate deposits.
Reacts with inorganic phosphate portion of
denture deposits.
Vinegar also kill microorganisms.
Causes corrosion of some metals.
Denture cleansers containing enzymes reduce
denture plaque significantly.
Other materials and technique include the use of
silicone polymers which interferes with bacterial
adherence to the denture surface.
Overnight air-drying and microwave radiation
have also been used to disinfect and clean resin
base.
DENTURE ADHESIVES
DENTURE ADHESIVES are materials used
to adhere a denture to the oral mucosa.
MECHANISM OF ACTION:
Denture adhesives enhance retention
through optimizing interfacial forces by
1.Increasing the viscosity of the medium
lying between the denture base and basal
seal and
2.Eliminating voids between the denture
base and its basal seal.
Purpose of using denture adhesive :
Improved fit
Comfort
Improved chewing ability.
REQUIREMENTS
Neutral or slightly basic pH.
Minimal toxicity to oral mucosa.
Bond strength for 12 to 16 hours.
Better taste and fit.
Less expensive.
MATERIALS USED IN DENTURE
ADHESIVES
VEGETABLE GUMS
For example KARAYA, TRAGACANTH, XANTHAN
and ACACIA.
Highly water soluble in hot liquids.
Short lived.
Allergic reactions to reactions to karaya have been
reported
MODE OF ACTION:
Nonionic adhesion to both denture and mucosa.
Very little cohesive strength.
SYNTHETIC MATERIALS
For example SHORT- ACTING CARBOXY METHYL
CELLULOSE , LONG -ACTING POLY VINYL METHYL
ETHER MALEATE and POLY VINYLPYROLIDONE.
Washed out by saliva.
MODE OF ACTION :
SHORT-ACTING CMC: Ionic adhesion.( inc. viscosity)
By eliminating voids.
LONG ACTING : Cohesion.
OTHER MATERIALS
PETROLIUM, MINERAL OIL and POLYETHYLENE
OXIDE are included in creams.
SILICONE DIOXIDE and CALCIUM-STEARATE are
included in powder to minimize clumping.
MENTHOL and PEPERMINT OIL are used for
flavoring, RED DYE for color.
SODIUM BORATE and METHYLPARABEN or
POLYPARABEN as preservatives.
INDICATIONS
Well made complete dentures do not satisfy
patients perceived retention and stability
expectations.
Salivary dysfunction or neurological disorders.
Xerostomia due to medication side effects.
Head and neck resective surgery.
Cerebrovascular accident (stroke).
Orofacial dyskinesia.
CONTRAINDICATION
For the retention of improperly fabricated
denture or poorly fitting prosthesis
PATIENT EDUCATION
Choice between cream and powder is
highly subjective for individual.
Least amount of material that is used
should be 0.5g to 1.5g/ denture unit (more
for larger alveolar ridges, less for smaller
ones).
POWDER FORM:
The prosthesis should be
clean then moistened.
Then a thin even coating of
adhesive sprayed.
If patient has inadequate or
absence of saliva, sprayed
denture should be moistened
before being inserted.
PASTE FORM
For pastes two approaches
are possible:

THIN BEAD TECHNIQUE


The prosthesis should be clean
and dried. For maxilla thin
beads of adhesive should be
placed in the incisor, molar and
midpalate regions.
For mandible a series of thin
beads at the crest of ridge is
recommended.
SPOT TECHNIQUE
Small spots of cream are
placed at 5-mm intervals
throughout the fitting
surface of the dried denture.
DENTURE MAINTENANCE
Daily removal of adhesive product from tissue
surface.
Prosthesis soaked in water over night, so
readily rinsed off.
Running hot water over tissue surface of denture
while scrubbing with a hard toothbrush.
Adhesive on ridge is removed by rinsing
with warm water then firmly wiping the area
with gauze.

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